Search results for "breathing"

Oxidative stress in asphyxiated term infants resuscitated with 100% oxygen

2003

Although room air is adequate for resuscitating asphyxiated newborn infants, guidelines recommend using 100% oxygen. Hyperoxemia, as has been noted in animal studies, could cause delayed breathing, increased oxygen consumption, and disordered cerebral circulation. In addition, 100% oxygen has caused prolonged oxidation of blood glutathione in neonates. In this study, 51 asphyxiated neonates born at term were randomly assigned to resuscitation with room air (RAR) and 55 to resuscitation with 100% oxygen (OxR). The goal was to learn whether using oxygen for resuscitation triggers oxidative stress. Critical criteria were the Apgar score, the time of the first cry, and sustained respiration. Si…

Sudden pneumoscrotum in a ventilated infant

1998

Assessment of Cardiorespiratory Interactions During Spontaneous and Controlled Breathing: Non-linear Model-free Analysis

2022

In this work, nonlinear model-free methods for bivariate time series analysis have been applied to study cardiorespiratory interactions. Specifically, entropy-based (i.e. Transfer Entropy and Cross Entropy) and Convergent Cross Mapping asymmetric coupling measures have been computed on heart rate and breathing time series extracted from electrocardiographic (ECG) and respiratory signals acquired on 19 young healthy subjects during an experimental protocol including spontaneous and controlled breathing conditions. Results evidence a bidirectional nature of cardiorespiratory interactions, and highlight clear similarities and differences among the three considered measures.

Emotional intelligence in children with severe sleep-related breathing disorders

2019

Background. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) affects up to 4% of a pediatric population, with many comorbidities in the medium-long term. Functional alterations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may explain why OSAS impacts aspects such as executive functions, memory, motor control, attention, visual-spatial skills, learning, and mood regulation. Emotional intelligence (EI) is a complex neuropsychological function that could be impaired in many clinical conditions. Purpose. The aim of the study is to evaluate the difference in emotional intelligence skills among children with OSAS and healthy subjects (nOSAS). Methods. 129 children (72 males; mean age 7.64±1.98 years) affected by OSAS w…

Association between sensorineural hearing loss and sleep-disordered breathing: Literature review

2015

The cochlea is especially sensitive to circulatory alterations because it is supplied by a single terminal artery and lacks adequate collateral blood supply. To examine the putative association between Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) and Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) through the literature review is very interesting. In fact these medical disorders usually are associated to cerebral circulatory alterations resulting in hypoxia, acute hemodynamic change, and decreased cerebral blood flow, because the Sleep Disorder Breathing (SDB), for example OSAHS (Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome), is characterized by periodic hyposia/reoxygenation. These noxious stimuli can, in turn, activa…

Nouvelle approche pour l'estimation du rythme respiratoire basée sur la photopléthysmographie sans contact

2021

Respiratory rhythm is important information in medical context.Its assessment allows to predict some medical complications that could lead to death.However, it is often neglected by the medical staff due to a bad comprehension of its importance, or a lack of time.Automated measurement methods allow to improve this by continuously giving respiratory rate.Most of these methods needs a contact with the patient to efficiently measure the breathing rate.Unfortunately it leads to some issues which could forbid measurement or make it unconfortable for continuous monitoring.The continuous, every-day monitoring especially needs to be as discrete as possible to be forgotten by the patient.To deal wit…

Apnea detection using cardiac rhythm and its hardware implementation

2009

Abstract Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. Its detection is very important to avoid important disorders in the patients such as daytime fatigue and sleepiness, which might be very dangerous in certain work places. One of the methods to detect apnea is based in the cardiac rhythm, measuring some parameters which indicate the presence of respiration abnormalities. This work describes the used algorithm to detect apnea and its hardware implementation in an FPGA device for real time detection using the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal.

Association between nasal and bronchial resistance in patients with COPD

2018

Background: During the past decade, various studies have documented the presence of sinonasal inflammation in lower airways diseases. The influence of airways inflammation on nasal airways patency was demonstrated in asthmatic patients; however, such association was not confirmed in patients with COPD. Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the relationship between nasal resistance and lower airways patency in COPD patients and healthy controls. Material and Methods: 4-Phase-Rhinomanometry and spirometry were performed on COPD patients (n=26) and in the corresponding age control group (n=15). To compare the effective nasal resistance in inspiration, expiration and total breathing (Ref…

Small airway disease (SAD) is associated with respiratory symptoms and relevant for therapy in early COPD

2020

Background: SAD is common in patients with COPD. Occurring early in the course of the disease, it is frequently missed by currently used diagnostic tests. Multiple breath washout (MBW) testing detects ventilation heterogeneity (VH) while oscillometry (OS) assesses peripheral obstruction, both associated with SAD. We therefore set out to evaluate the presence and symptoms of SAD in patients with early COPD. Methods: We prospectively evaluated 26 patients (FEV1 77±19% pred., 88% GOLD I/II). In an 8-week cross-over design, the effect of dual bronchodilatation (tiotropium/olodaterol, T/O) on lung function and symptoms (CAT) was compared to monotherapy (formoterol). Lung function was assessed by…

Immediate effects of the respiratory stimulation on ventilation parameters in ischemic stroke survivors: A randomized interventional study (CONSORT).

2019

Background: Post-stroke brain damage, which affects the central control of respiration, leads to various respiratory disorders. They can be caused by the weakening of the respiratory muscles and chest movements, which can indirectly contribute to an impairment of the ventilation function. The aim of the study is an objective assessment of the effect of a single-session intervention of respiratory stimulation through Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) on chosen respiratory parameters and the following comparison of these changes with a group in which positioning was used (intra- and intergroup comparison). Methods: This was a randomized interventional study evaluating the respir…