Search results for "brine."

Electrodialysis for wastewater treatment—Part I: Fundamentals and municipal effluents

2020

Abstract Selectivity, high recovery, and chemical-free operation are strengths of electrodialysis. Different configurations have been proposed for several applications. Effluents from municipal wastewater treatment plants (including sludge and supernatants), desalination plants, and animal farms can be treated for recovering water, nutrients, salts, and acids/bases. Although many applications are technoeconomically feasible and competitive with other zero liquid discharge systems, only a few real plants have been installed. However, the research is currently very active, thus paving the way for a widespread use at large scale in the next future.

Behaviour of Zr/Hf and Y/Ho ratios during transition between seawater column and deep-sea brines

2011

Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of the Aerial Part Extracts from Matthiola incana subsp. rupestris and subsp . pulchella ( Brassicacea…

2021

As part of a project aimed at investigating the Matthiola taxa endemic to Sicily (Italy), this study focused on Matthiola incana, an edible species used in the traditional medicine of various countries. Herein, the characterization of phenolic and volatile compounds, the antioxidant capacity in vitro (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), reducing power and Fe2+ chelating activity assays) and the toxicity test (Artemia salina lethality bioassay) of the hydroalcoholic extracts from the aerial parts of M. incana subsp. rupestris from Mt. Pellegrino (Palermo) and Mt. Erice (Trapani), and of M. incana subsp. pulchella are reported. The results are compared with those previously shown for M. inc…

Physicochemical Properties of Thermal Brines from Wołczyn in Opole Silesia (SW Poland) as a Determinant of the Method of Their use in Preventive Phys…

2018

Wołczyn to miasto leżące w województwie opolskim na Nizinie Śląskiej, w obrębie Monokliny Przedsudeckiej. Na terenie tym występuje ujęcie mineralnej solanki termalnej „Wołczyn VII A”, która kwalifikuje się do wykorzystania w profilaktyce i lecznictwie. Ze względu na brak w regionie ośrodków balneologicznych, istnieje zapotrzebowanie na rozwój tego typu form wykorzystania tworzyw balneologicznych. Zastosowanie solanek z Wołczyna w celach profilaktyczno-leczniczych, rekreacyjnych jak również jako tężnie, stwarza perspektywy nowej strategii w polityce zdrowotnej Śląska Opolskiego.

Effect of cadmium pre-exposure in cadmium accumulation by brine shrimp Artemia: Involvement of low-molecular-weight cadmium-binding ligands

1993

Abstract Cadmium is a ubiquitous non-essential element that possesses high toxicity and is easily accumulated from the environment by aquatic organisms. It is known that pre-exposure to cadmium increases the resistance of animals to a subsequent exposure. In this work, we report studies of the effect of pre-exposure to cadmium on the accumulation of this metal from seawater by brine shrimp Artemia, as well as the involvement of low-molecular-weight cadmium-binding ligands in this process. During the pre-exposure experiments, animals were kept in seawater containing 20 mg/litre Cd for 24 h and then transferred to clean seawater for 48 h. Afterwards, pre-exposed and control animals were expos…

Effect of cadmium exposure on zinc levels in the brine shrimp Artemia parthenogenetica

1999

Zinc and cadmium have been reported as metabolic antagonists, such that high zinc intake afford animals some protection against the potentially toxic effects of cadmium exposure. There is considerable evidence to support a role of metallothioneins (MTs) in regulating or controlling the intracellular availability of essential metals and the non-essential metal. The effect of 24-h cadmium pre-exposure (10 mg Cd/l) on zinc concentrations in the brine shrimp Artemia parthenogenetica exposed to zinc (5 mg Zn/l) was studied. The zinc content of shrimps was not altered by cadmium. The homeostatic mechanism for zinc regulation appears not to be disturbed by cadmium exposure in shrimps kept in natur…

Performance analysis of the first Reverse Electrodialysis prototype plant operating with natural brackish water and salt pond brine

2014

Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) has gained a strong interest among the salinity gradient energy technologies during the last years. Recently, notable improvements have been reached in terms of membranes and stack performances using artificial solutions. However, the use of real saline solutions strongly affects the process performance, requiring additional R&D efforts for a successful scale-up of such technology. This work focuses on the experimental campaign performed on the first RED prototype plant fed with real brackish water and saltworks brine. The plant is located within the Ettore e Infersa saltworks in Marsala (TP, South of Italy). It is the final accomplishment of the REAPower proje…

Optimisation analysis of Reverse Electrodialysis systems for power production from concentrated brines

2016

Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) is rapidly growing as technology to produce electric energy by mixing saline solutions with different salinity. Recent developments have shown promising results on real site installations, demonstrating the feasibility of the RED process on the pilot scale. Therefore, further modelling efforts are now needed to optimise the technology, in order to enhance the performance. In this work, an optimisation study for the RED process is presented, taking into account saline waters and concentrated brine as feed streams. The model, which is developed within GAMS environment, predicts the optimal set of process variables that maximise the process yield, as well as the g…

ION EXCHANGE MEMBRANE CRYSTALLIZER FOR MAGNESIUM RECOVERY FROM SEAWATER AND INDUSTRIAL BRINE

2020

The treatment and valorisation of waste brines deriving from industrial processes raised in the last years a strong interest in order to promote the whole process sustainability both in terms of minimisation of environmental impacts and raw materials recovery within a circular economy approach. With this respect, magnesium recovery from brines can be an interesting and practical example. In this work, a novel ion exchange membrane crystallizer (CrIEM1) is presented. In a CrIEM reactor, the presence of an Anion Exchange Membrane, separating a brine and an alkaline solutions, allows the passage of hydroxyl ions from the alkaline to the brine compartment, where crystallization of magnesium hyd…