Search results for "bud"

Temperature regulating floral bud differentiation in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Hormonal and genetic aspects

2017

In loquat, apex of a current shoot changes from vegetative to reproductive stage during summer, i.e. under high temperature conditions. Indeed, just before floral bud differentiation, a decline in the growth rate due to high temperature takes place. The aim of this work is to study the role of this 'summer rest period' on the apex transition from vegetative to reproductive stage. For this purpose 1) sprouting of secondary shoots was promoted at different times, removing the main shoot, before, during and after floral bud differentiation occurred and 2) groups of trees were shifted to a greenhouse under average maximum temperature not exceeding 25 ° C during different periods from June to Oc…

Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Strategy 2021 - Executive summary and rationale for key changes

2021

Funder: Global Initiative for Asthma

Budesonide/Formoterol Maintenance And Reliever Therapy At Two Different Maintenance Doses: Effect On Fractional Excretion Of Nitric Oxide (FENO)

2010

Halogen (Cl, F) release during explosive, effusive, and intrusive phases of the 2011 rhyolitic eruption at Cordón Caulle volcano (Chile)

2019

We investigate sulphur, chlorine and fluorine release during explosive, effusive and intrusive phases of the 2011 Cordon Caulle eruption, with a focus on halogen devolatilization. Petrological analysis shows halogen release to have been promoted by isobaric crystallization in slowly-cooled magma that was emplaced in a lava flow and sub-vent intrusion. Fluorine in particular mobilized only after extensive groundmass crystallization and incipient devitrification. By 2017, the gas emitted from vent-proximal fumaroles had hydrothermal compositions, with HCl/HF ratios decreasing with decreasing temperature. We estimate that the eruption could eventually emit up to 0.84 Mt of SO2, 6.3 Mt of HCl, …

A Methodology to Detect the Deviations of the Project s Budget Compared to Market Prices

2015

[EN] The budget of a project reflects the cost of the investment needed to build an infrastructure, install a system or acquire new materials or supplies. A well-formulated budget in accordance with market prices, allows contractors to prepare offers according to their technical, economic and financial characteristics. On the other hand, it avoids current philosophies that aim to get the contract at any price. Philosophies subsequently used to point out problems and claims during the execution of the project (contradictory prices, delays, etc.) in order to recover some or the entire economic bid carried out during the tendering. In this paper a simple and fast methodology is developed to ch…

Addressing the Net Balances Problem as a Prerequisite for EU Budget Reform: A Proposal

2009

Presentado también como comunicación en el XI Encuentro de Economía Aplicada, celebrado del 5 al 7 de junio de 2008 en la Universidad de Salamanca (España)

Venture Capitalists’ Appraisal of Investment Projects: An Empirical European Study

1997

The Investment appraisal and valuation process of venture capitalists includes Information gathering, the assessment of risk and required return, and the choice of a valuation method. This process is empirically studied in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. The Importance of different information sources is equal in the four countries, except that the French venture capitalists Place more emphasis on personal references and the track record of the entrepreneur. The required return is lowest in the Netherlands and Belgium for every development stage of a company, and highest in the UK. The most widely used valuation method in the UK is the multiplication of past or fu…

Venture capitalists, investment appraisal and accounting information: a comparative study of the USA, UK, France, Belgium and Holland

2000

The differences between the information used for the pre-investment valuation and the valuation methods used by venture capital investors in five countries (USA, UK, France, Belgium and Holland) are empirically studied. The analysis is based on postal questionnaire surveys of representative samples of senior venture capitalists in each country. Differences are found, which may be attributed to the dominant corporate governance mechanism or the level of development of the venture capital market. Between-country differences persist even after taking into account between-country differences in the relative importance of investment stages and venture capital types. Apparently similar systems an…

How Does the Romanian State Support the Increase of Energy Efficiency of Buildings by Using Public Funds?

2020

Abstract The issue of improving the energy efficiency of buildings in Romania is one of interest, both for the state authorities and for the population. The general purpose is to encourage the production of thermal energy and domestic hot water through the use of renewable energy sources. This is part of the EU's long-term objective of decarbonising the existing and inefficient European real estate park. In order to start renovating the existing buildings on the national territory, considerable financial resources are needed which the owners should have. The Romanian state, through the Agency for Environmental Protection, comes to the support the interested persons by granting financial sup…

Le financement de l'éducation (Dossier)

2014

L'auteur est coordinateur du dossier; International audience; La seconde moitié du vingtième siècle a été marquée, partout dans le monde, par un développement considérable du secteur éducatif. Cette évolution concerne tous les niveaux d'enseignement, du primaire au supérieur, et fait peser une lourde charge sur les budgets nationaux. Tous les pays mettent aujourd'hui en ouvre des réformes spécifiques du financement de l'éducation, afin d'accompagner la croissance des effectifs, d'améliorer les résultats et de s'adapter aux nouvelles exigences de la société. Ce numéro 65 de la Revue internationale d'éducation de Sèvres propose un éclairage sur les politiques menées, durant les dernières déce…