Search results for "budget"
showing 10 items of 255 documents
FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES OF LATVIA’S SOCIAL SYSTEM AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF CRISIS
2010
Latvian social system is ahead of serious financial problems. The article analyses causes and beginnings of the crisis, in the context of the 1st budget level of social systems in relation to the national budget, as well as the negative impact of the state budget on the social security budget for the financial future. The government also discussed the measures taken by the social system of financial regulation and their impact on society's social environment. Recommendations have been developed for improvement of the situation.
Does politics matter in the conduct of fiscal policy? Political determinants of the fiscal sustainability: Evidence from seven individual Central and…
2007
This paper aims at assessing the fiscal sustainability and its political determinants in seven Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC), namely Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. First, using the recent sustainability approach of Bohn (1998) based on fiscal reaction function, econometric findings using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) reveal a positive response of the primary surplus to changes in debt in several countries. In other words, fiscal policy is sustainable in Baltic countries, Slovenia and Slovakia, but not in Poland and in the Czech Republic. Second, by introducing political dummy variables, we test the electoral budget cycle and the…
Are private schools more efficient than public schools ? Evidence from Tanzania
2001
International audience; Beginning in the mid-1980s, there has been an explosive growth of private secondary schools in Tanzania. By easing constraints on private operators, the government has clearly found an effective way in the context of right public budget constraints to cope with the excess demand for this level of schooling. But has the policy also led to efficient operations in terms of student learning ? In this paper, we attempt to shed light on this issue by comparing the efficiency of four types of schools that make up the majority of schools in the country : Government and Community schools in the public sector, and Chirstian and Wazazi schools in the private sector. Using longi…
Saving banks and society: a model of commitment to society
2012
Savings banks are increasingly interested in social issues, reflecting a corporate commitment to meet the demands of society. Our goal is to understand the importance of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) for savings banks and the actions carried out to promote it. To do this we assume that these entities are more resources devoted to society. The field work was conducted through a questionnaire answered by 57 Spanish institutions. We note that CSR is a growing movement with enormous potential, because of the role of financial intermediation and lending banks to develop. Finally, it is curious to see how social contributions materialize so correlated. Las Cajas de Ahorros tienen cada vez…
Does a voluntary conservation program result in a representative protected area network?
2009
Abstract Conservation contracting has attained growing interest worldwide as a tool for protecting biodiversity in privately owned lands. In this policy, landowners receive payments from an environmental agency in exchange for land use practices that contribute to the supply of biodiversity. This approach may result in a conservation network which does not cover all focal ecological characteristics, because landowners determine the supply of potential targets. In addition, the contracts are typically allocated by using a scoring method that is not giving information on the representativeness of the species composition of the sites. In this study, we investigated what is the performance of a…
La insuficiencia de las actuales políticas de fomento de cooperativas y sociedades laborales frente a la crisis en España
2014
El objeto del presente artículo es analizar las políticas de fomento de cooperativas y sociedades laborales durante este periodo de crisis, identificando los principales dispositivos existentes y los de nueva implantación, evaluando su alcance y valorando su nivel de eficacia. Se han distinguido tres grupos de políticas de fomento, las políticas tradicionales de fomento, las políticas de nuevo cuño, incluyendo en estas últimas las medidas urdidas por los gobiernos regionales y la nueva ley de economía social y finalmente las políticas de austeridad. Se concluye, en primer lugar, que las cooperativas y sociedades laborales no constituyen un sector muy subvencionado dado que el alcance de est…
US deficit sustainability revisited: A multiple structural change approach
2008
In this article we re-examine the long-run sustainability of US budget deficits, using Bai and Perron's multiple structural change approach. While the deficit would have been weakly sustainable over the full sample (1947:1–2005:3), strong sustainability would appear only between January 1982 and February 1996.
The EU's New Economic Governance Framework and Budgetary Decision‐Making in the Member States: Boon or Bane for Throughput Legitimacy?*
2021
The euro crisis has sparked changes in the EU's economic governance framework and a crisis of legitimacy across the union. While the institutional repercussions of the crisis have been studied before, the democratic impact at the national level has received much less attention. This paper aims to fill this gap, focusing on the procedural changes that the EU's new economic governance (NEG) framework has brought to national budgetary decision-making. Building upon the Varieties of Democracy framework, the paper adds empirical nuance and conceptual clarity to the notion of 'throughput legitimacy' and its components: openness, inclusiveness, transparency and accountability. Detailed case studie…
Experimental characterization of bodycentric passive RFID systems
2011
Recent progresses in the design of wearable RFID tag antennas stimulate the idea of passive bodycentric systems wherein the required power to drive the wearable tags is directly scavenged from the interrogation signal emitted by the reader unit. While active bodycentric links have been extensively investigated, the feasibility of passive systems is still questionable due to the poor sensitivity of the tags and to the modest read distances. This paper describes an articulated measurement campaign with textile wearable low-profile tags in the UHF RFID band. It is demonstrated that both on-body and off-body links are feasible with a power budget fully compliant with the available technology. T…
Controlled Fault-Tolerant Power Converters for Power Quality Enhancement
2013
Power quality depends generally on the interaction of electrical power with electrical equipments. If electrical equipments operate correctly and reliably without being damaged or stressed, a suitable level of power quality is assured. On the other hand, if the electrical equipment malfunctions, is unreliable, or is damaged during normal usage, power quality is poor and probably the economical loss could be important like the technical one. In the scenario of the Distributed Generation, power quality issues will be moreover important because an higher dissemination of power conditioning equipment will be requested and this obviously increases the sources of vulnerability of the electrical s…