Search results for "calculus"

showing 10 items of 617 documents

Statistical analysis when dealing with astigmatism: assessment of different spherocylindrical notations.

2001

Ophthalmic epidemiological studies frequently deal with ocular refractive errors, which are commonly expressed in the form sphere/cylinder x axis. However, this representation has been shown not to be the most suitable one for performing statistical analysis. Although alternative analytical and graphic methods to represent this kind of data have been developed, these formalisms have often gone unnoticed by researchers, despite their usefulness and versatility. Besides, there has been no discussion of how each of them fits in with a particular type of study. In this paper, several mathematical representations of dioptric power are revisited in a comprehensive way. The aim is to encourage res…

Optics and PhotonicsModels StatisticalEpidemiologybusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectAstigmatismAstigmatismmedicine.diseaseNotationRefraction OcularRotation formalisms in three dimensionsOphthalmologyData Interpretation StatisticalCalculusMedicineHumansStatistical analysisSimplicityRepresentation (mathematics)businessMathematicsmedia_commonOphthalmic epidemiology
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Closure to “Simple Relationships for the Optimal Design of Paired Drip Laterals on Uniform Slopes” by Giorgio Baiamonte

2016

The author appreciates the interest of the discussers of the paper “Simple Relationships for the Optimal Design of Paired Drip Laterals on Uniform Slopes” and wants to express his gratitude to Joaquin Monserrat and Javier Barragan for the opportunity to discuss the issues they raised. In their discussion, they questioned the use of analytical relationships to derive the design variables that are required for the optimal design of paired sloped laterals. This paper detected the Best Manifold Position (BMP = 0.24) to design optimal paired laterals and, as the discussers mentioned, allows the methodology introduced by Baiamonte et al. (2015) to be applied. Thus, the issues they questioned and …

Optimal design0208 environmental biotechnologyOptimal lengthClosure (topology)04 agricultural and veterinary sciences02 engineering and technologyAgricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)020801 environmental engineeringSimple (abstract algebra)Paired lateral040103 agronomy & agricultureCalculusSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestali0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesMicroirrigationDesign relationshipWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsJournal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
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Optimal Bounds on Plastic Deformations for Bodies Constituted of Temperature-Dependent Elastic Hardening Material

1997

Bounds are investigated on the plastic deformations in a continuous solid body produced during the transient phase by cyclic loading not exceeding the shakedown limit. The constitutive model employs internal variables to describe temperature-dependent elastic-plastic material response with hardening. A deformation bounding theorem is proved. Bounds turn out to depend on some fictitious self-stresses and mechanical internal variables evaluated in the whole structure. An optimization problem, aimed to make the bound most stringent, is formulated. The Euler-Lagrange equations related to this last problem are deduced and they show that the relevant optimal bound has a local character, i.e., it …

Optimization problemMechanical EngineeringConstitutive equationMathematical analysisStrain hardening exponentCondensed Matter PhysicsUpper and lower boundsShakedownMechanics of MaterialsBounded functionCalculusHardening (metallurgy)Solid bodyMathematicsJournal of Applied Mechanics
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A system-level mathematical model of Basal Ganglia motor-circuit for kinematic planning of arm movements

2017

International audience; In this paper, a novel system-level mathematical model of the Basal Ganglia (BG) for kinematic planning, is proposed. An arm composed of several segments presents a geometric redundancy. Thus, selecting one trajectory among an infinite number of possible ones requires overcoming redundancy, according to some kinds of optimization. Solving this optimization is assumed to be the function of BG in planning. In the proposed model, first, a mathematical solution of kinematic planning is proposed for movements of a redundant arm in a plane, based on minimizing energy consumption. Next, the function of each part in the model is interpreted as a possible role of a nucleus of…

Optimization0301 basic medicineComputer scienceDopamineParkinson's diseaseModels NeurologicalHealth InformaticsKinematicsCross productIndirect pathway of movementBasal Ganglia03 medical and health sciencesMathematical model0302 clinical medicineControl theoryRedundancy (engineering)HumansVector calculusSimulationKinematic planningComputational BiologyParkinson DiseaseFunction (mathematics)Biomechanical PhenomenaComputer Science Applications030104 developmental biology[ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]ArmTrajectoryVector calculusRotation (mathematics)Algorithms030217 neurology & neurosurgeryComputers in Biology and Medicine
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Heat Flow on Metric Measure Spaces

2020

In order to develop a second-order differential calculus on spaces with curvature bounds we need to make use of the regularising effects of the heat flow, to which this chapter is dedicated.

Order (business)Metric (mathematics)Applied mathematicsDifferential calculusCurvatureMeasure (mathematics)Heat flowMathematics
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Indefinite integrals of some special functions from a new method

2015

A substantial number of indefinite integrals of special functions are presented, which have been obtained using a new method presented in a companion paper [Conway JT. A Lagrangian method for deriving new indefinite integrals of special functions. Integral Transforms Spec Funct. 2015; submitted to]. The method was originally derived from the Euler–Lagrange equations but an elementary proof is also presented in [Conway JT. A Lagrangian method for deriving new indefinite integrals of special functions. Integral Transforms Spec Funct. 2015; submitted to]. Sample results are presented here for Bessel functions, Airy functions and hypergeometric functions. More extensive results are given for th…

Order of integration (calculus)AlgebraQuarter periodSpecial functionsApplied MathematicsTrigonometric integralElliptic integralHypergeometric functionLegendre functionAnalysisJacobi elliptic functionsMathematicsIntegral Transforms and Special Functions
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Pseudo-Abelian integrals along Darboux cycles

2008

We study polynomial perturbations of integrable, non-Hamiltonian system with first integral of Darboux-type with positive exponents. We assume that the unperturbed system admits a period annulus. The linear part of the Poincare return map is given by pseudo-Abelian integrals. In this paper we investigate analytic properties of these integrals. We prove that iterated variations of these integrals vanish identically. Using this relation we prove that the number of zeros of these integrals is locally uniformly bounded under generic hypothesis. This is a generic analog of the Varchenko-Khovanskii theorem for pseudo-Abelian integrals. Finally, under some arithmetic properties of exponents, the p…

Order of integration (calculus)PolynomialPure mathematicsGeneral MathematicsSlater integralsMultiple integralMathematical analysisTrigonometric integralpseudo-abelian integral; Darboux integrableDarboux integralVolume integralMathematicsMeromorphic function
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On the Convergence of Formal Integrals in Finite Time

1982

Consider a differential system: x = f (x) + e g(x), \(x \in {R^n}.\). Let h(x) = ho(x) + eh1 (x)... a “third” integral. For finite time t, I obtain an eo such that the series h(x) converges if e > eo. When t tends to infinite, eo tends to zero.

Order of integration (calculus)Series (mathematics)Normal convergenceMathematical analysisConvergence (routing)Zero (complex analysis)Convergence testsFinite timeModes of convergenceMathematics
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Kirkwood-Buff Integrals for Finite Volumes.

2012

Exact expressions for finite-volume Kirkwood−Buff (KB) integrals are derived for hyperspheres in one, two, and three dimensions. These integrals scale linearly with inverse system size. From this, accurate estimates of KB integrals for infinite systems are obtained, and it is shown that they converge much better than the traditional expressions. We show that this approach is very suitable for the computation of KB integrals from molecular dynamics simulations, as we obtain KB integrals for open systems by simulating closed systems.

Order of integration (calculus)Theoretical computer scienceInverse systemScale (ratio)Computer scienceComputationSlater integralsMathematical analysisInfinite systemsSmall systemsGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThe journal of physical chemistry letters
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Drawing and extruding: Theoretical and approximate formulas

1969

The problem of drawing of wires and of strips has been treated in several studies; among these the studies of Sachs seem essential. However, the results deduced according to similar theories are not always in accordance with the experimental results: reduction of area or of thickness are in fact usually smaller than those resulting from the theory. This is in dependance of the fact that Sachs has adopted the Limiting Condition of Yielding by v. Mises, according to which the limit values of stress in traction and compression are equal. More recently other AA. (Alberti, Noto La Diega, Bugini), admitting the Limiting Condition of Yielding by A. (or of the Paraboloid of Revolution) of which we …

ParaboloidReduction (recursion theory)Mechanical EngineeringTraction (engineering)Mathematical analysisSTRIPSLimitingCondensed Matter PhysicsCompression (physics)law.inventionMechanics of MaterialslawCalculusLimit (mathematics)MathematicsMeccanica
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