Search results for "calor"

showing 10 items of 866 documents

Development and Characterization of an Amorphous Solid Dispersion of Furosemide in the Form of a Sublingual Bioadhesive Film to Enhance Bioavailabili…

2017

Administered by an oral route, Furosemide (FUR), a diuretic used in several edematous states and hypertension, presents bioavailability problems, reported as a consequence of an erratic gastrointestinal absorption due to various existing polymorphic forms and low and pH-dependent solubility. A mucoadhesive sublingual fast-dissolving FUR based film has been developed and evaluated in order to optimize the bioavailability of FUR by increasing solubility and guaranteeing a good dissolution reproducibility. The Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analyses confirmed that the film prepared using the solvent casting method entrapped FUR in the amorphous state. As a solid dispersion, FUR increa…

Absorption (pharmacology)medicine.medical_specialtymucoadhesive filmMaterials scienceBioadhesivePharmaceutical Sciencelcsh:RS1-44102 engineering and technology030226 pharmacology & pharmacyArticleSublingual Absorptionlcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDifferential scanning calorimetryamorphous solid dispersiontransmucosal deliverymedicineSolubilityDissolutionAmorphous solid dispersion; Furosemide bioavailability; Mucoadhesive film; Sublingual absorption; Transmucosal delivery;021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyfurosemide bioavailabilityAmorphous solidSurgeryBioavailabilitysublingual absorptionChemical engineeringSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico Applicativomucoadhesive film; sublingual absorption; amorphous solid dispersion; furosemide bioavailability; transmucosal delivery0210 nano-technologyPharmaceutics
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Double Thermoresponsive Block Copolymers Featuring a Biotin End Group

2010

A poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate)-block-poly(N-isopropyl methacrylamide) (POEGMA-b-PNIPMAM) block copolymer with a biotin end group on the PNIPMAM block as a biotarget was synthesized as a model system for temperature-controlled polymer immobilization. The synthesis was based on RAFT polymerization followed by postpolymerization modification of an activated ester precursor block and an exchange of the dithioester end group within one step. NMR, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and turbidimetry measurements were performed to investigate the stimulus-responsive properties. The double thermoresponsive POEGMA-b-PNIPMAM with biot…

AcrylamidesMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyCalorimetry Differential ScanningPolymers and PlasticsPolymersRadical polymerizationTemperaturetechnology industry and agricultureBiotinBioengineeringChain transferLower critical solution temperaturePolymerizationBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundEnd-groupchemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerMethacrylamideReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationStreptavidinEthylene glycolMicellesBiomacromolecules
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Trehalose-hydroxyethylcellulose microspheres containing vancomycin for topical drug delivery.

2001

Abstract A new formulation, in which vancomycin is entrapped into trehalose and hydroxyethylcellulose (Natrosol ® ) spherical matrices, is described. Microspheres were produced by the solvent evaporation method. The entrapped drug was fully recovered following microspheres dissolution. Differential scanning calorimetry analyses proved that Natrosol maintains trehalose in its amorphous form. The stabilizing effects of trehalose on vancomycin were evaluated even after long storage and heating of microspheres. Calorimetric data indicated no decomposition of the entrapped drug. In vitro drug release, already performed by using a general two-compartment linear time-invariant open model, suggests…

Active ingredientChromatographyChemistryStereochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceTrehaloseGeneral MedicineTrehaloseDosage formMicrospheresAnti-Bacterial Agentschemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetryDrug Delivery SystemsSolubilityVancomycinLiberationDrug carrierCelluloseDissolutionBiotechnologyAntibacterial agentEuropean journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V
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Polycarboxylic acids in sea water: acid–base properties, solubilities, activity coefficients, and complex formation constants at different salinities

2016

This paper reports the results of the investigations carried out in synthetic sea water at different salinities for different classes of polycarboxylic acids. The investigations can be summarized as follows: (a) Determination of the protonation constants in such multicomponent solution in a salinity range 15 ≤ S ≤ 45, at t = 25 °C, for the linear dicarboxylic acids HOOC-(CH2) n –COOH (0 ≤ n ≤ 8), and aromatic polycarboxylic acids (o-phthalic and 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acids). For malonic, succinic, 1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylic, and 1,2,3,4-benzenetetracarboxylic acids, investigations were also carried out at t = 10 and 37 °C; (b) Determination of the total and intrinsic solubility (S T an…

Activity coefficientBase (chemistry)Inorganic chemistryChemistry (all).Salt (chemistry)ProtonationProtonation02 engineering and technologyCalorimetry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMetal complexDeprotonationProtonation Solubility Synthetic sea water Salt effect Metal complex Calorimetry020401 chemical engineeringSalt effectSettore CHIM/01 - Chimica Analitica0204 chemical engineeringSolubilitychemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solutionGeneral ChemistrySynthetic sea water0104 chemical sciencesSolubilitychemistrySpecific ion interaction theoryMonatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly
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Chicken adaptive response to low energy diet: main role of the hypothalamic lipid metabolism revealed by a phenotypic and multi-tissue transcriptomic…

2019

AbstractBackgroundProduction conditions of layer chicken can vary in terms of temperature or diet energy content compared to the controlled environment where pure-bred selection is undertaken. The aim of this study was to better understand the long-term effects of a 15%-energy depleted diet on egg-production, energy homeostasis and metabolism via a multi-tissue transcriptomic analysis. Study was designed to compare effects of the nutritional intervention in two layer chicken lines divergently selected for residual feed intake.ResultsChicken adapted to the diet in terms of production by significantly increasing their feed intake and decreasing their body weight and body fat composition, whil…

Adipose tissueadaptationEnergy homeostasisTranscriptome0302 clinical medicinehypothalamusBeta oxidation2. Zero hunger0303 health sciencesprise alimentaireEndocannabinoid systemAdaptation PhysiologicalCell biologyAlimentation et NutritionBody Composition[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]BiotechnologyResearch Articlelcsh:QH426-470FADS1FADS2lcsh:BiotechnologychickenpouletBiologyModels Biological03 medical and health sciencesQuantitative Trait Heritablelipidlcsh:TP248.13-248.65GeneticsAnimalsFood and Nutritionlipide030304 developmental biologyCaloric RestrictionNeurosciencesLipid metabolismLipid MetabolismDietlcsh:GeneticsGene Expression RegulationNeurons and Cognitionfeed intakeEnergy MetabolismChickenstranscriptome;lipid;feed intake;adaptation;hypothalamus;chickentranscriptome[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Study of Selective Adsorption of Gases by Calorimetry

2013

This chapter is devoted to the study of coadsorption of gases in nanoporous solids by using the differential calorimetry. In the first part, the thermodynamic principles of adsorption of gases are recalled. Some of them have already presented in chapter one. However a special attention has been paid here to the determination of the adsorption enthalpies and entropies and we focused on the selective adsorption of binary mixtures. Then the specific experimental technique based on the combination of differential calorimetry with manometry and gas phase chromatography or mass spectrometry is shown in details. In the last part, the thermodynamic concepts on coadsorption are illustrated with expe…

AdsorptionStandard molar entropyChemistryNanoporousSelective adsorptionAnalytical chemistryThermodynamicsCalorimetryMicroporous materialGas separationMass spectrometry
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The effects of calorie restriction, intermittent fasting and vegetarian diets on bone health.

2019

Uncountable health care organizations, clinicians, and individuals are striving to prevent obesity and the many chronic medical conditions linked to it by advocating a healthy lifestyle that includes measures such as reducing dietary calorie intake (i.e., calorie restriction = CR and intermittent fasting = IF) or limiting/abolishing animal source foods (i.e., practices termed vegetarianism and veganism). Although these regimens are traditionally considered healthy, their real impact on bone health has yet to be established, and some studies have reported that they have negative effects on bone outcomes. The current work provides an overview of the studies carried out to examine the effect/s…

AdultAgingCalorieBone densityCalorie restrictionOsteoporosisCalorie restriction · Intermittent fasting · Vegan · Vegetarian · Osteoporosis · FracturesBone and Bones03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBone DensityEnvironmental healthAnimal source foodsIntermittent fastingMedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineCaloric RestrictionBone mineralbusiness.industryDiet VegetarianVegan DietFastingmedicine.diseaseOsteoporosisFemaleGeriatrics and GerontologybusinessEnergy Intake030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOsteoporotic FracturesAging clinical and experimental research
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Redox lipidomics to better understand brain aging and function

2019

Human prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a recently evolutionary emerged brain region involved in cognitive functions. Human cognitive abilities decline during aging. Yet the molecular mechanisms that sustain the preservation or deterioration of neurons and PFC functions are unknown. In this review, we focus on the role of lipids in human PFC aging. As the evolution of brain lipid concentrations is particularly accelerated in the human PFC, conferring a specific lipid profile, a brief approach to the lipidome of PFC was consider along with the relationship between lipids and lipoxidative damage, and the role of lipids in human PFC aging. In addition, the specific targets of lipoxidative damage in h…

AdultAgingPrefrontal CortexGlycerophospholipidsBiologymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryCognitionPhysiology (medical)LipidomicsmedicineHumansCognitive DysfunctionCognitive declineMitochondrionPrefrontal cortexExerciseCaloric RestrictionNeuronsSphingolipidsCognitionEnergy metabolismMiddle AgedLipidomeAdvanced lipoxidation end productsLipid MetabolismCytoskeletal ProteinsOxidative StressProteostasisnervous systemLipidomicsFatty Acids UnsaturatedEnergy MetabolismNeuroscienceFunction (biology)Oxidative stress
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Erratum: Effect of magnesium supplementation on glucose metabolism in people with or at risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of do…

2016

Although higher dietary intakes of magnesium (Mg) seem to correspond to lower diabetes incidence, research concerning Mg supplementation in people with or at risk of diabetes is limited. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of oral Mg supplementation on glucose and insulin-sensitivity parameters in participants with diabetes or at high risk of diabetes compared with placebo. A literature search in PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Clinicaltrials.gov without language restriction, was undertaken. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of oral Mg supplementation vs placebo in patients with diabetes or at h…

AdultBlood GlucoseMale0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyCalorieMagnesium supplementationMedicine (miscellaneous)030209 endocrinology & metabolismCarbohydrate metabolismlaw.inventionDouble blind03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDouble-Blind MethodRandomized controlled triallawInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusDiabetes MellitusmedicineHumansMagnesiumAgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicGlucose tolerance test030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and Dieteticsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMedicine (all)Medicine (miscellaneous); Medicine (all); Nutrition and DieteticsFastingGlucose Tolerance TestMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseObesityEndocrinologyMeta-analysisDietary Supplementsmagnesium Nutrition diabetes Dietetics glucose metabolismFemalebusinessBody mass indexEuropean Journal of Clinical Nutrition
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Glucose but Not Protein or Fat Load Amplifies the Cortisol Response to Psychosocial Stress

2002

We previously reported that glucose intake amplifies cortisol response to psychosocial stress and smoking in healthy young men, while low blood glucose levels prevented the stress-induced activation of the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. However, it remains unknown whether this modulation is specific for glucose load or a more common effect of energy availability. To elucidate this question, 37 healthy men, who fasted for at least 8 h before the experiment, were randomly assigned to four experimental groups, who received glucose (n = 8), protein (n = 10), fat (n = 10), and water (n = 9), one h before their exposure to the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Blood glucose levels were…

AdultBlood GlucoseMaleHypothalamo-Hypophyseal Systemendocrine systemSalivamedicine.medical_specialtyCalorieHydrocortisonePituitary-Adrenal SystemBehavioral NeuroscienceEndocrinologyInternal medicinemedicineTrier social stress testHumansSalivaHydrocortisoneEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsDietary FatsPeripheralGlucoseEndocrinologyHypothalamusDietary ProteinsPsychologyStress PsychologicalGlucocorticoidmedicine.drugHormoneHormones and Behavior
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