Search results for "cartographie"
showing 10 items of 62 documents
Standardization proposal for the mapping of Caulerpa taxifolia expansion in the Mediterranean sea
1999
Fourteen years after the first observation of Caulerpa taxifolia (Valh) C. Agardh in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, this green alga of tropical origin is now present in five countries (Spain, France, Monaco, Italy and Croatia). By the end of 1997, more than 46 km(2), at depths of between 0 and 50 m, were found to be affected by this expansion. A standardization of the cartographic procedure is proposed here. Such a standardization is necessary to compare maps produced by various organizations from different countries. For a given independent station, it is based on the definition of three levels of colonization:Level I refers to a station where one or several colonies less than 100 m a…
Vegetation structure and greenness in Central Africa from Modis multi-temporal data.
2013
African forests within the Congo Basin are generally mapped at regional scale as broad-leaved evergreen forests, with a main distinction between terra-firme and swamp forests types. At the same time, commercial forest inventories, as well as national maps, have highlighted a strong spatial heterogeneity of forest types. A detailed vegetation map generated using consistent methods is needed to inform decision makers about spatial forest organisation and theirs relationships with environmental drivers in the context of global change. We propose a multi-temporal remotely sensed data approach to characterize vegetation types using vegetation index annual profiles. The classifications identified…
Open data, big data : quel renouveau du raisonnement cartographique ?
2017
International audience; Le mouvement d’open data, qui permet l’accès gratuit à un grand nombre de données spatiales ou démographiques, associé au développement d’outils de cartographie ou de visualisation libres (SIG, programme), a permis l’augmentation de la production de cartes. Seulement, l’automatisation des traitements permise par ces outils tend à gommer le raisonnement cartographique et peut conduire à des erreurs de construction cartographique, d’autant plus que la phase d’analyse des données peut s’avérer de plus en plus complexe dans un contexte de big data (en tant que données massives, peu structurées et désagrégées). Le raisonnement cartographique est le processus menant d’une …
Mapping and determinism of soil microbial community distribution across an agricultural landscape.
2015
Article en open access; International audience; Despite the relevance of landscape, regarding the spatial patterning of microbial communities and the relative influence of environmental parameters versus human activities, few investigations have been conducted at this scale. Here, we used a systematic grid to characterize the distribution of soil microbial communities at 278 sites across a monitored agricultural landscape of 13km(2). Molecular microbial biomass was estimated by soil DNA recovery and bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Geostatistics provided the first maps of microbial community at this scale and revealed a heterogeneous but spatially structured distribution…
La circulation des objets métalliques à l'âge du Bronze entre Rhône et Saône: utilisation d'une transformation cartographique linéaire
2006
In order to gain a better understanding of circulation flows of metal objects during the Bronze Age, and move beyond traditional distribution maps of archaeological discoveries, the authors propose a more quantitative and concise method of graphic representation, namely cartographic linear transformation. The value of the method was tested on the Saône-Rhône axis. Bronze axes, swords and daggers were recorded along a 50 km strip either side of the river axis, in order to estimate the frequency and mass of objects in “circulation”.
Cartographie des restes osseux et conservation différentielle dans l'amas coquillier d'Ouessant "Mez Notariou": du Bronze moyen à la période romaine
2008
This article addresses the impacts of differential preservation in an alkaline shell midden (fig. 1) overlying an acid soil which does not allow bone to survive. This midden accumulated over an extended period and displays unusual traits attributable to practices of a ritual nature (Le Bihan et Méniel, 2002). Excavation extended to approximately 1000 square metres (fig. 2). Bone was collected on a quarter-metre grid by individual context (fig. 3). Some 35,000 animal and bird bones were recovered; fish bones, which were very numerous, are presently still under study. Consideration of the entire bone assemblage (fig. 8) indicates that the principal deposition occurred along the SW/NE axis of …
Managers’ and consumers’ representations of the closeness to a store : a contribution to retailer strategy
2013
Getting close to the consumer is one major concern in retailing. This research tries to understand the rehabilitation of small food stores in the French retailing context and explores the notion of closeness in all in its dimensions from a retailer as well as a consumer perspective. The research involves data collection from both retail companies and consumers. The qualitative and quantitative analysis show that creating closeness with the customer can be defined as the management of the spatial, temporal, functional and social distance that links a store to its customers. Seven dimensions can be identified: the access closeness, the functional closeness, the process closeness, the relation…
EVASPA (EVapotranspiration Assessment from SPAce) tool: an overview
2013
International audience; Evapotranspiration (ET) is a fundamental variable of the hydrological cycle and its estimation is required for irrigation management, water resources planning and environmental studies. Remote sensing provides spatially distributed cost-effective information for ET maps production at regional scale. We have developed EVASPA too for mapping ET from remote sensing data at spatial and temporal scales relevant to hydrological or agronomica studies. EVASPA includes several algorithms for estimating evapotranspiration and various equations for estimating the required input information (net radiation, ground heat flux, evaporative fraction…), which provides a way to assess …
A chromosome map of the Flavescence dorée phytoplasma
2008
International audience; The Flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FD-P), a non-cultivable, plant-pathogenic bacterium of the class Mollicutes, is the causal agent of a quarantine disease affecting vineyards of southern Europe, mainly in southern France and northern Italy. To investigate FD-P diversity and phytoplasma genetic determinants governing the FD-P life cycle, a genome project has been initiated. A physical map of the chromosome of FD-P strain FD92, purified from infected broad beans, was constructed by performing restriction digests of the chromosome and resolving the fragments by PFGE. Single and double digestions of the chromosome with the enzymes SalI, BssHII, MluI and EagI were perfor…
Pour une cartographie des MOOC de FUN : méthode et enjeux
2016
International audience