Search results for "case-control study"
showing 10 items of 563 documents
The Endobiota Study: Comparison of Vaginal, Cervical and Gut Microbiota Between Women with Stage 3/4 Endometriosis and Healthy Controls
2019
Dysbiosis in the genital tract or gut microbiome can be associated with endometriosis. We sampled vaginal, cervical and gut microbiota from 14 women with histology proven stage 3/4 endometriosis and 14 healthy controls. The V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified following the 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Library Preparation. Despite overall similar vaginal, cervical and intestinal microbiota composition between stage 3/4 endometriosis group and controls, we observed differences at genus level. The complete absence of Atopobium in the vaginal and cervical microbiota of the stage 3/4 endometriosis group was noteworthy. In the cervical microbiota, Gardnerella, Streptococcus, Esche…
AMH MEASUREMENT VERSUS OVARIAN ULTRASOUND IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME IN DIFFERENT PHENOTYPES.
2015
This study was designed to assess the value of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in various phenotypes and to assess ovarian ultrasound parameters.We performed a retrospective matched controlled study of 113 females with various PCOS phenotypes and 47 matched controls. The diagnostic utility of AMH measurement and ovarian ultrasound were compared. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, the threshold for AMH (4.7 ng/mL) and ultrasound parameters (follicle number per ovary [FNPO]22 and ovarian volume [OV]8 cc) were established.In the entire cohort, AMH had a low sensitivity of 79%; while FNPO and OV were 93% and 68%,…
Ranking the impact of human health disorders on gut metabolism: Systemic lupus erythematosus and obesity as study cases
2015
Multiple factors have been shown to alter intestinal microbial diversity. It remains to be seen, however, how multiple collective pressures impact the activity in the gut environment and which, if any, is positioned as a dominant driving factor determining the final metabolic outcomes. Here, we describe the results of a metabolome-wide scan of gut microbiota in 18 subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 17 healthy control subjects and demonstrate a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two groups. Healthy controls could be categorized (p < 0.05) based on their body mass index (BMI), whereas individuals with SLE could not. We discuss the prevalence of SLE c…
Increased thioredoxin levels are related to insulin resistance in familial combined hyperlipidaemia
2015
BACKGROUND Thioredoxins (TRX) are major cellular protein disulphide reductases that are critical for redox regulation. Oxidative stress and inflammation play promoting roles in the genesis and progression of atherosclerosis, but until now scarce data are available considering the influence of TRX activity in familial combined hyperlipidaemia (FCH). Since FCH is associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease, the objective of the present study was to assess oxidative stress status in FCH patients, and evaluate the influence of insulin resistance (IR). MATERIALS AND METHODS A cohort of 35 control subjects and 35 non-related FCH patients were included, all of them nondiabetic, normotensiv…
Circulating Apelin is increased in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and is associated with better glycaemic control
2013
SummaryContext Apelin is an adipokine expressed in several tissues and it appears to be involved in energy metabolism. Objective The aim of this study was to determine serum apelin levels in a large cohort of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes and control subjects and to correlate the results with glycaemic control. Design and Participants One hundred and thirty patients with type 1 diabetes, 98 patients with type 2 diabetes and 162 controls were enrolled in the study. Apelin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum apelin levels were significantly higher in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients than in controls (P < 0·0001). Serum apelin levels were high…
Individual and neighbourhood socioeconomic measures and the risk of non-central nervous system solid tumours in children: A nationwide register-based…
2021
Abstract Background The aetiology for most solid tumours in childhood is largely unknown. The lack of evidence concerns also the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and risk of childhood solid tumours other than in the central nervous system (CNS). We sought to access the association between individual and neighbourhood SEP measures and risk of childhood non-CNS solid tumours in Denmark and to evaluate whether associations varied by measure of SEP, time point of SEP assessment (during pregnancy versus before diagnosis) and tumour type. Methods We conducted a nationwide case-control study based on Danish registry data. We identified all children born in 1980–2013 and diagnosed …
Population attributable risk for ovarian cancer
2000
Parity, oral contraceptive (OC) use, age at menopause, a family history of the disease and selected aspects of diet have been related to the risk of ovarian cancer. The quantification of their impact on a population level may help focus and rank the importance of potential prevention strategies. Using data from a case-control study conducted in Italy between 1983 and 1991 on 971 ovarian cancer cases and 2758 control women we computed the multivariate relative risk estimates, and population attributable risks (PARs), i.e. the proportion of ovarian cancers that would have been avoided if a given exposure had not been present in the population. Overall, the PARs were 5% for nulliparity, 12% fo…
Relation between diagnosis of atheromatous plaque from orthopantomographs and cardiovascular risk factors. A study of cases and control subjects.
2014
Background In recent years the use of orthopantomography has been proposed as a low-cost, reliable and non-invasive diagnostic medium for detecting atheromatous plaque. The purpose of this study was to correlate the presence of carotid calcifications (atheroma) in orthopantomographs with specific risk factors for cerebrovascular accidents (previous cerebrovascular accidents, arterial hypertension, and diabetes). Material and Methods The methods used in this observational study of cases and control subjects followed STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology) recommendations. The study analyzed a total of 1,602 panoramic radiographs taken for dental diagnost…
Metagenomic Analysis of Crohn's Disease Patients Identifies Changes in the Virome and Microbiome Related to Disease Status and Therapy, and Detects P…
2015
Background The aim of this study was to survey the bacterial and viral communities in different types of samples from patients with Crohn's disease (CD) at different stages of the disease to relate their distribution with the origin and progression of this disorder. Methods A total of 42 fecal samples and 15 biopsies from 20 patients with CD and 20 healthy control individuals were collected for bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiling and DNA/RNA virome metagenomic analysis through 454 pyrosequencing. Their composition, abundance, and diversity were analyzed, and comparisons of disease status, patient status, and sample origin were used to determine statistical differences between the groups. Resu…
Haemorheological parameters in young patients with acute myocardial infarction
2008
The role played by hemorheological alterations on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in young patients remains a question of debate. We have carried out a case-control study of 84 AMI patients aged45 years and 135 sex and age matched controls, in which blood viscosity (BV), plasma viscosity (PV), erythrocyte aggregation (EA) performed with the Myrenne (EA0, EA1) and the Sefam aggregometer (Ta, AI10, gammaD), erythrocyte deformability (ED) along with fibrinogen (Fbg), C-reactive protein (CRP) and plasmatic lipids i.e. total cholesterol (T-Chol) and triglycerides (TG) were determined. AMI patients showed higher, Fbg, TG, EA0, EA1, IA10, gammaD and lower Ta than controls (p=0.029, p0.001, p=0.0…