Search results for "case-control"

showing 10 items of 1685 documents

GALAD Score Detects Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma in an International Cohort of Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

2020

Background & Aims The prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing. However, strategies for detection of early-stage HCC in patients with NASH have limitations. We assessed the ability of the GALAD score, which determines risk of HCC based on patient sex; age; and serum levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP), AFP isoform L3 (AFP-L3), and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP), to detect HCC in patients with NASH. Methods We performed a case-control study of 125 patients with HCC (20% within Milan Criteria) and 231 patients without HCC (NASH controls) from 8 centers in Germany. We compared the performance of serum AFP, AFP-L3, or DCP vs GALAD …

medicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisCarcinoma HepatocellularMedizinPilot ProjectsMilan criteriaGastroenterologySensitivity and SpecificityCohort Studies03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseInternal medicinemedicineBiomarkers TumorHumansProtein PrecursorsneoplasmsHepatologyReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyArea under the curvemedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesROC Curve030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinomaCase-Control StudiesCohort030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyProthrombinalpha-FetoproteinsbusinessLiver cancerBiomarkersCohort study
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2020

There is evidence that intake of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) increases the risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with liver cirrhosis. However, data regarding the impact of PPI intake on occurrence of infections other than SBP are still lacking.We hypothesized that PPI use is associated with a higher rate of infections other than SBP in patients with liver cirrhosis.The current case-control study sample included patients with liver cirrhosis from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA), which compiles data such as risk factors, drug prescriptions and diagnoses obtained from general practitioners and specialists in Germany. In total, 2,823 patients with infections were …

medicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisRespiratory tract infectionsbusiness.industrymedicine.drug_classCase-control studyProton-pump inhibitorGeneral MedicineDiseasemedicine.diseaseGastroenterology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis030220 oncology & carcinogenesisInternal medicineMedicine030212 general & internal medicinebusinessOmeprazolemedicine.drugPantoprazoleMedicine
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Reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection cleared by direct-acting antiviral therapy: A prospective s…

2020

Aim HCV infection increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it remains still unclear whether HCV clearance by direct-acting antivirals (DAA) reduces T2DM. Therefore, the effect of HCV eradication on T2DM incidence was assessed. Methods A prospective multicenter case-control study was performed, which included 2,426 HCV patients, 42% of which with liver fibrosis F0-F2 and 58% F3-F4. Study population consisted of a control group including 1099 untreated patients and 1327 cases treated with DAA. T2DM incidence was assessed during a follow-up median period of 30 [IQR: 28-42] months. Risk factors of T2DM were assessed by Cox regression model (Relative risk (RR), Hazard risk…

medicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisendocrine system diseasesEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism030209 endocrinology & metabolismType 2 diabetes030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyAntiviral AgentsGastroenterology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologychronic hepatitiInternal medicineInternal MedicinemedicineHumansGlucose homeostasisProspective StudiesProspective cohort studydirect-acting antiviralbusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)nutritional and metabolic diseasesType 2 Diabetes MellitusHepatitis C Chronicmedicine.diseaseDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Case-Control StudiesRelative riskHCVPopulation studytype 2 diabetesbusinesscirrhositype 2 diabetes.
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Virtual chromoendoscopy with iSCAN as an alternative method to dye-spray chromoendoscopy for dysplasia detection in long-standing colonic inflammator…

2021

Patients with long-standing colonic inflammatory bowel disease (cIBD) are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Dye-spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) with targeted biopsies is the preferred technique for surveillance of dysplasia. Virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE) are arising to improve detection rates and adherence to surveillance guidelines, although its role is not yet well defined. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of VCE with iSCAN as an alternative method for dysplasia detection in cIBD.Retrospective case-control study with 191 patients included, 98 in the DCE (Indigo carmine) group and 93 in the VCE (iSCAN, twin-mode 1-3) group. The dysplasia detection…

medicine.medical_specialtyColorectal cancerColonoscopyInflammatory bowel diseaseGastroenterologyChromoendoscopy03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineHumansColoring Agentsskin and connective tissue diseasesEarly Detection of CancerRetrospective StudiesAlternative methodsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGastroenterologyCase-control studyColonoscopyInflammatory Bowel Diseasesmedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesIncreased riskDysplasiaCase-Control Studies030220 oncology & carcinogenesisColitis Ulcerative030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyColorectal NeoplasmsbusinessScandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology
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Deficit of Interleukin-7 in Serum of Patients with Crohn's Disease

2013

medicine.medical_specialtyCrohn's diseasebusiness.industryInterleukin-7GastroenterologyInterleukinmedicine.diseaseGastroenterologyCrohn DiseaseInternal medicineCase-Control StudiesmedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansbusinessBiomarkers
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The STROCSS statement: Strengthening the Reporting of Cohort Studies in Surgery

2017

Abstract Introduction The development of reporting guidelines over the past 20 years represents a major advance in scholarly publishing with recent evidence showing positive impacts. Whilst over 350 reporting guidelines exist, there are few that are specific to surgery. Here we describe the development of the STROCSS guideline ( St rengthening the R eporting o f C ohort S tudies in S urgery). Methods and analysis We published our protocol apriori . Current guidelines for case series (PROCESS), cohort studies (STROBE) and randomised controlled trials (CONSORT) were analysed to compile a list of items which were used as baseline material for developing a suitable checklist for surgical cohort…

medicine.medical_specialtyDelphi TechniqueCross-sectional studyDelphi methodGuidelines as TopicCase-control studiesArticleCohort Studies03 medical and health sciencesCase-control studies; Cohort studies; Cross-sectional; Reporting guideline; Cross-Sectional Studies; Delphi Technique; Humans; Cohort Studies; General Surgery; Guidelines as Topic0302 clinical medicineCross-sectionalHumansMedicinecomputer.programming_languageProtocol (science)business.industryReporting guidelineGeneral MedicineGuidelineChecklistSurgeryCross-Sectional StudiesGeneral Surgery030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCohort030211 gastroenterology & hepatologySurgerybusinesscomputerDelphiCohort studyInternational Journal of Surgery
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Prevention of lumbar reherniation by the intraoperative use of a radiofrequency bipolar device: A case-control study.

2019

Objective: The most common complication after lumbar discectomy is reherniation. Although many studies have investigated factors that may increase the reherniation risk, few are agreed upon all. It has been suggested that limited nucleus removal is associated with higher reherniation risk, while more aggressive nucleus removal can result in increased disc degeneration. Here, we assessed the efficacy of a coblation-assisted microdiscectomy in adult patients undergoing single-level disc surgery. Methods: We prospectively compared the reherniation rate in 75 patients (Group 1) undergoing single-level lumbar disc surgery completed with the radiofrequency bipolar system Aquamantys® (Medtronic, M…

medicine.medical_specialtyDiscectomylcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal systemmedicine.medical_treatmentreherniationAsymptomaticlaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLumbarradiofrequencyRandomized controlled triallawLumbar disc surgeryDiscectomymedicine030222 orthopedicsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCase-control studyMagnetic resonance imagingrecurrent herniationSurgerySurgeryOriginal ArticleNeurology (clinical)lcsh:RC925-935medicine.symptomComplicationbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of craniovertebral junctionspine
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Can stress biomarkers predict preterm birth in women with threatened preterm labor?

2017

Background: Preterm birth is a major paediatric challenge difficult to prevent and with major adverse outcomes. Prenatal stress plays an important role on preterm birth; however, there are few stress-related models to predict preterm birth in women with Threatened Preterm Labor (TPL). Objective: The aim of this work is to study the influence of stress biomarkers on time until birth in TPL women. Methods: Eligible participants were pregnant women between 24 and 31 gestational weeks admitted to the hospital with TPL diagnosis (n = 166). Stress-related biomarkers (a-amylase and cortisol) were determined in saliva samples after TPL diagnosis. Participants were followed-up until labor. A paramet…

medicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismCortisol03 medical and health sciencesThreatened preterm labor0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologymedicineProspective cohort studyBiological PsychiatrySurvival analysisPregnancy030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineEndocrine and Autonomic SystemsObstetricsbusiness.industryCase-control studyGestational agealpha-amylaseNomogrammedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthPremature birthGestationbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerySurvival modelPsychoneuroendocrinology
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Increased risk for cervical disease progression of French women infected with the human papillomavirus type 16 E6-350G variant.

2006

Abstract To test the significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 and HPV16 E6 variants as risk factors for viral persistence and progression to high-grade lesion, we did a nested case-control study within a cohort study of >15,000 Caucasian French women. Three groups infected with high-risk HPV were compared: (a) women with cleared infection (controls, n = 201), (b) women with persistent infection (cases, n = 87), and (c) women who progressed into high-grade lesion (cases, n = 58). Women with persistent HPV infection and those that progressed into high-grade lesions were likelier to harbor HPV16 than other high-risk HPV types [odds ratio (OR), 2.4; 95% confidence interval (95%…

medicine.medical_specialtyEpidemiologyUterine Cervical NeoplasmsCervical intraepithelial neoplasiaLesionCohort StudiesRisk FactorsInternal medicineEpidemiologymedicineOdds RatioHumansRisk factorbusiness.industryPapillomavirus InfectionsHPV infectionvirus diseasesOdds ratioOncogene Proteins Viralmedicine.diseaseUterine Cervical DysplasiaRepressor ProteinsOncologyCase-Control StudiesImmunologyDisease ProgressionFemaleViral diseaseFrancemedicine.symptombusinessCohort studyCancer epidemiology, biomarkersprevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
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Are Multiple Domicile Changes a Risk Factor for Multiple Sclerosis?

1991

A retrospective case-control study was conducted to estimate the possible association between risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the number of changes in residence before the age 20 years. Forty-one patients and 82 controls were interviewed. Using the Mantel-Haenszel estimate of the odds ratio, no association was found between the number of moves and MS.

medicine.medical_specialtyEpidemiologybusiness.industryMultiple sclerosiseducationCase-control studyOdds ratiomedicine.diseasehumanitiesInternal medicinePhysical therapyMedicineResidenceNeurology (clinical)Risk factorbusinessNeuroepidemiology
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