Search results for "case-control"
showing 10 items of 1685 documents
Mitochondrial dysfunction, persistent oxidative damage, and catalase inhibition in immune cells of naïve and treated Crohnʼs disease
2009
Background: Oxidative stress is considered a potential etiological factor for Crohn's disease (CD). We characterized the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in immune peripheral cells of CD patients, as well as their antioxidant enzyme status and the presence of oxidative damage. In addition, mitochondrial function (ΔΨm) was analyzed to detect the possible origin of ROS. Methods: Cells were obtained from patients at the onset of disease, prior to any treatment. Experiments were repeated when patients were in clinical remission. A set of experiments was carried out in a group of CD patients in persistent morphological remission. Controls were healthy volunteers who were not receiving any…
Replication of previous genome-wide association studies of psychiatric diseases in a large schizophrenia case-control sample from Spain.
2014
Genome wide association studies (GWAS) has allowed the discovery of some interesting risk variants for schizophrenia (SCZ). However, this high-throughput approach presents some limitations, being the most important the necessity of highly restrictive statistical corrections as well as the loss of statistical power inherent to the use of a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) analysis approach. These problems can be partially solved through the use of a polygenic approach. We performed a genotyping study in SCZ using 86 previously associated SNPs identified by GWAS of SCZ, bipolar disorder (BPD) and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) patients. The sample consisted of 3063 independent cases wit…
Large-scale association analysis identifies 13 new susceptibility loci for coronary artery disease
2011
1. The CARDIoGRAM Consortium. Large-scale association analysis identifies 13 new susceptibility loci for coronary artery disease. Nature Genetics. 2011;43:333–338. ### Study Hypothesis Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several common variants that are associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI). The authors state that the current loci discovered in CAD and MI GWAS explain only a small fraction of the heritability of this complex disease. The authors hypothesized that a larger study would provide more power to discover common variants with modest effect sizes. Therefore, they formed the Coronary ARtery DIsease Genome-wid…
Risk of Getting COVID-19 in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study
2022
Background and ObjectivesSeveral studies have assessed risk factors associated with the severity of COVID-19 outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). The potential role of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and demographic and clinical factors on the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection has not been evaluated so far. The objective of this study was to assess risk factors of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection in PwMS by using data collected in the Italian MS Register (IMSR).MethodsA case-control (1:2) study was set up. Cases included PwMS with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, and controls included PwMS without a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. Both groups were propensity score–m…
Differential expression of specific microRNA and their targets in acute myeloid leukemia
2010
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) the most common acute leukemia in adults is characterized by various cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities. However, the genetic etiology of the disease is not yet fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs which regulate the expression of target mRNAs both at transcriptional and translational level. In recent years, miRNAs have been identified as a novel mechanism in gene regulation, which show variable expression during myeloid differentiation. We studied miRNA expression of leukemic blasts of 29 cases of newly diagnosed and genetically defined AML using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for 365 human miR…
TNFalpha, IFNgamma and IL-10 gene polymorphisms in a sample of Sicilian patients with coeliac disease.
2005
Coeliac disease is associated with DQ2 and DQ8 alleles, but other genes also confer an additional genetic risk.Defining whether the genetic profiles of interleukin-10, tumour necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma are associated with an increased coeliac disease risk.The functionally gene polymorphisms of tumour necrosis factor alpha (-308G/A), interferon gamma (+874T/A) and interleukin-10 (-1082G/A) were typed using sequence specific primer-polymerase chain reaction in 110 Sicilian coeliac disease patients and in 220 Sicilian healthy controls.No differences in genotype frequencies of interleukin-10 polymorphisms were found between coeliac disease patients and healthy controls. A signif…
Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields emitted from base stations of DECT cordless phones and the risk of glioma and meningioma (Interphone Study Grou…
2006
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that exposure to continuous low-level radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMFs) increases the risk of glioma and meningioma. Participants in a population-based case-control study in Germany on the risk of brain tumors in relation to cellular phone use were 747 incident brain tumor cases between the ages of 30 and 69 years and 1494 matched controls. The exposure measure of this analysis was the location of a base station of a DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications) cordless phone close to the bed, which was used as a proxy for continuous low-level exposure to RF EMFs during the night. Estimated odds ratios were 0.82 (95…
Angiotensin type 2 receptor is important in the normal development of the ureter
1999
In humans, the actions of angiotensin II are transduced through the AT1 and AT2 receptors which have recently been implicated in renal organogenesis. Polymorphisms in the human angiotensin II receptor genes have been linked to cardiovascular and nephrological disorders. In this study we evaluated 35 patients with either primary obstructive megaureter or posterior urethral valves. Each was genotyped for the A1166 AT1 polymorphism and the recently described A-1332G AT2 transition. The incidence of these genetic variants was also evaluated in normal controls without any ultrasonographic urological abnormalities. Similar to our previous findings in congenital urological abnormalities, the AT1 r…
Oxidative stress and inflammation in long-term renal transplanted hypertensives.
2006
INTRODUCTION Several studies have shown that chronic renal failure (CRF) is characterized by "accelerated atherosclerosis". More recent studies emphasize that inflammation and oxidative stress play a central role in atherosclerosis, and it is well-established that C-reactive protein (CRP) is a cardiovascular risk marker in the general population, in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and in allograft recipients. METHODS We measured the serum concentration of high sensitivity CRP, TNFalpha, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha, an in vivo oxidative stress marker) in 15 CRF patients and in 15 transplant recipients. Exclusion criteria were age 65 years, smoking, diabetes mellitus …
Variants of CARD15 are associated with an aggressive clinical course of Crohn's Disease. An IG-IBD Study
2005
Three major variants of the CARD15 gene confer susceptibility to Crohn's disease (CD). Whether or not these variants correlate with specific clinical features of the disease is under evaluation.We investigated the possible association of CARD15 variants with specific clinical characteristics, including the occurrence of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), in a large cohort of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and their unaffected relatives.Three hundred and sixteen CD patients (156 with positive family history), 408 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients (206 with positive family history), 588 unaffected relatives, and 205 unre…