Search results for "case-control"
showing 10 items of 1685 documents
Effectiveness of vaccination with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in preventing hospitalization with laboratory confirmed influenza dur…
2013
Background: Since influenza predisposes to bacterial pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, studies have suggested that pneumococcal vaccination might reduce its occurrence during pandemics. We assessed the effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination alone and in combination with influenza vaccination in preventing influenza hospitalization during the 2009–2010 pandemic wave and 2010–2011 influenza epidemic. Methods: We conducted a multicenter case-control study in 36 Spanish hospitals. We selected patients aged ≥ 18 y hospitalized with confirmed influenza and two hospitalized controls per case, matched according to age, date of hospitalization and province of residence.…
Association between polymorphisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS3) and left posterior wall thickness (LPWT) of the heart in Fabry dis…
2008
Fabry disease is an X-chromosomal storage disorder due to loss-of-function mutations of the GLA gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme α-galactosidase A. Accumulating glycosphingolipid deposits disturb the function of various cells, in particular that of myocytes, arterial smooth-muscle cells, and vascular endothelium. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, for example measured by left posterior wall thickness (LPWT) of the heart, represents a major component of Fabry disease morbidity in adult patients. Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (eNO), produced by eNO synthase (eNOS), is a key regulator of vessel wall function and cardiovascular homeostasis. We analysed the effect of the polymorphisms c.894G > T …
Handling forces for the use of different inhaler devices.
2019
Abstract Age and comorbidities can impact on the success of handling an inhaler. In this pilot study, we assessed finger strength in 62 participants (aged 5–17 years [n = 20], 18–65 years [n = 22] and > 65 years [n = 20]) by using different types of inhalers with integrated sensors (Respimat®, Breezhaler®, Aerolizer®, Genuair®, Diskus®, Ellipta®, HandiHaler®, Turbohaler® and a pressurized metered-dose inhaler [Atrovent®]). Parameters under investigation included the spontaneous and maximum achievable force and torque required to operate devices. Satisfaction with individual inhalers, and the relationship between satisfaction and strength, were also assessed. There was a marked difference in…
Inefficient arterial hypertension control in patients with metabolic syndrome and its link to renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system polymorphisms.
2011
There is evidence that uncontrolled arterial hypertension (AHT) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) increases cardiovascular risks. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and its polymorphisms apparently confer a genetic risk for uncontrolled AHT. This study aims to investigate the influence of RAAS polymorphisms on AHT control in patients diagnosed with MS. This is a two-stage population-based nested case-control pilot study (n=1514). We differentiated between MS-diagnosed patients and non-MS patients (ATP-III criteria) and selected those individuals diagnosed with AHT from each group (n=161 and n=156, respectively). Those who successfully controlled their AHT (controls) and …
How ineffective hypertension control in subjects treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is related to polymorphisms in the renin-angio…
2009
Abstract Purpose To investigate how genetic polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) influence hypertension (HT) control with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor drugs (ACEI). Methods A case–control, cross-sectional population-based nested study (n = 1514) included hypertensive patients treated with ACEI drugs, either alone or with other antihypertensive drugs. We differentiated between those who did not control their HT (cases) with those who did (controls). Each group's characteristics were compared to determine the risk of non-controlled HT associated with RAAS polymorphisms by adjusting for different variables. Results rs11571074 obtained an ORa of 5.26 for T…
Temporomandibular disorders : a case-control study
2012
Objective: To compare the risk factors and clinical manifestations of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) diagnosed according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) (axis I) versus an age and gender matched control group. Study Design: A total of 162 patients explored according to the RDC/TMD (mean age 40.6±18.8 years, range 7-90; 11.1% males and 88.9% females) were compared with 119 controls, measuring differences in TMD risk factors (sleep disturbances, stress, psychoactive medication, parafunctions, loss of posterior support, ligament hyperlaxity) and clinical variables (joint sounds, painful muscle and joint palpation, maximum aperture…
Sensory strategies of postural sway during quiet stance in patients with haemophilic arthropathy.
2017
Introduction: The sensory strategies of postural control in adult haemophilic arthropathy patients are still poorly understood. Aim: To determine sensorial posture-control strategies through postural sway frequency analysis when in a bipedal quiet stance with and without visual stimulus deprivation in healthy subjects and patients with haemophilic arthropathy. Secondarily, to determine the irregularity of postural balance control through sample entropy (SampEn). Methods: A triaxial accelerometer attached at the L3 level determined the displacement and acceleration of the centre of mass (DCoM and ACoM, respectively) under open-and closed-eyes conditions. Sensorial strategies were studied by …
Maternal and paternal occupational exposure to agricultural work and the risk of anencephaly.
2006
Aims: To evaluate the association between parental occupational exposure to agricultural work and the risk of anencephaly in three Mexican states. Methods: A paired case control study (1:1) was done based on records of the Epidemiological Surveillance System of Neural Tube Defects in Mexico; 151 cases of anencephaly of more than 20 weeks’ gestation were selected between March 2000 and February 2001. Controls were selected from the same maternity services as those of the cases and were born alive without congenital malformations. Information was obtained from both parents by means of a general questionnaire, a food frequency questionnaire, and a specific questionnaire on occupational exposur…
MRI and neurophysiology in vestibular paroxysmia: contradiction and correlation
2013
Background Vestibular paroxysmia (VP) is defined as neurovascular compression (NVC) syndrome of the eighth cranial nerve (N.VIII). The aim was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of MRI and the significance of audiovestibular testing in the diagnosis of VP. Methods 20 VP patients and, for control, 20 subjects with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) were included and underwent MRI (constructive interference in steady-state, time-of-flight MR angiography) for detection of a NVC between N.VIII and vessels. All VP patients received detailed audiovestibular testing. Results A NVC of N.VIII could be detected in all VP patients rendering a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 65% for the diagnosi…
Assessing cardiovascular risk in Mediterranean women with polycystic ovary syndrome
2010
Background: Although dyslipidemia is common in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), current diagnostic guidelines suggest to evaluate only plasma HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, assuming that, in this disorder, cardiovascular risk is mainly due to the presence of the metabolic syndrome (MS). In the US, MS has been found in up to 50% of PCOS, but in other countries its prevalence is lower. Methods: We compared the prevalence of MS with that of increased LDL- and non-HDL-cholesterol levels in 350 Mediterranean PCOS women (244 anovulatory and 106 ovulatory), and 95 normo-weight and 90 body mass index (BMI)-matched controls. Results: The prevalence of MS was 7.1% in PCOS, high…