Search results for "case-control"
showing 10 items of 1685 documents
A new PCSK9 gene promoter variant affects gene expression and causes autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia.
2008
Autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) is a genetic disorder characterized by increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels, leading to high risk of premature cardiovascular disease. More than 900 mutations in LDL receptor, six in APOB and 10 in PCSK9 have been identified as a cause of the disease in different populations. All known mutations in PCSK9 causing hypercholesterolemia produce an increase in the enzymatic activity of this protease. Up to now, there are data about the implication of PCSK9 in ADH in a low number of populations, not including a Spanish population.The objective of the study was to study the prevalence of PCSK9 mutations in ADH Spanish population.W…
Metabolomic profiling in blood from umbilical cords of low birth weight newborns
2012
AbstractBackgroundLow birth weight has been linked to an increased risk to develop obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension in adult life, although the mechanisms underlying the association are not well understood. The objective was to determine whether the metabolomic profile of plasma from umbilical cord differs between low and normal birth weight newborns.MethodsFifty healthy pregnant women and their infants were selected. The eligibility criteria were being born at term and having a normal pregnancy. Pairs were grouped according to their birth weight: low birth weight (LBW, birth weight < 10thpercentile, n = 20) and control (control, birth weight between the 75th-90thpercentiles, n…
Menstrual disorders and subfertility in Spanish hairdressers
2009
Abstract Objective Hairdressing is associated with adverse effects on reproductive health. This research investigates whether female hairdressers have increased risks of subfertility and menstrual disorders. Study design Cross sectional study. Participants were all female hairdressers below 50 years of age ( n = 310) working in registered hairdressing salons in Alicante, Spain and a control group comprising female shop assistants and office workers ( n =310). Menstrual disorders were defined as any of five menstrual cycle characteristics: short cycles, long cycles, irregular cycles, not experiencing a period for more than 6 weeks (missed period), and bleeding or spotting between periods (…
Experts' assessment of probability and level of pesticide exposure in agricultural workers.
2000
The occupational history of the parents of 261 infants with congenital malformations and 261 matched controls was collected. During the relevant time period before the birth of their child, 183 parents were involved in agricultural activities, 49% of them having directly applied pesticides. Two experts assessed the probability and the level of exposure to each quoted pesticide (582 observations) by using 4-point scales. Interrater agreement was estimated. Kappa-weighted values for probability and level of exposure were, respectively, kappa = 0.36 and kappa = 0.39. In the analysis of some categories of exposure (non-applicators, herbicides) very low interrater agreement was observed. In epid…
Cardiovascular events among reproductive and menopausal age women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
2019
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence (P)/hazard ratio (HR) of cardiovascular (CV) events among reproductive age and menopausal age women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in comparison with healthy controls. PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of science, and Google scholar were searched for retrieving observational studies published up to April 2018 investigating CV events in patients with PCOS. The primary outcomes were a composite outcome of CV events [including coronary arterial disease (CAD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), myocardial infarction (MI), angina, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease] and mortality due to CV events; secondary outcomes were specific CVD events, …
Serum interleukin-6 levels are elevated in women with minimal-mild endometriosis.
2006
BACKGROUND: There is a need for a reliable marker of endometriosis, especially in early stages of peritoneal disease during which imaging is not effective. The use of serum interleukin (IL)-6 as a marker is controversial. To readdress the matter, patients undergoing laparoscopy were prospectively evaluated for serum IL-6 levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 119 women 31 years old who underwent laparoscopy were divided into groups: control patients (n = 38) with no pathologic findings; endometriosis sufferers (n = 47) with minimal-mild (MM, n = 11) or moderate-severe (MS, n = 36) endometriosis; uterine myomas (n = 13) and benign ovarian pathologies (n = 21). Blood was drawn on cycles da…
Menopause and ovariectomy cause a low grade of systemic inflammation that may be prevented by chronic treatment with low doses of estrogen or losarta…
2009
Abstract The incidence of cardiovascular diseases in premenopausal women is lower than in men or postmenopausal women. This study reports the discovery of a low grade of systemic inflammation, including monocyte adhesion to arterial endothelium, elicited by menopause or estrogen depletion. Chronic treatment with low dose of 17-β-estradiol or inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system reduced this inflammation. Using an in vitro flow chamber system with human arterial and venous endothelial cells, we found that leukocytes from healthy postmenopausal women were more adhesive to the arterial endothelium than those from premenopausal women regardless of the stimulus used on endothelial cells. I…
Risk factors of female cancers in Ragusa population (Sicily). 2. Breast cancer.
1989
A case-control study on breast, cervix and corpus uteri cancer cases registered in Ragusa between January 1, 1983 and June 30, 1985 has been conducted. Information on risk factors has been obtained by means of a structured questionnaire. Risk factors for breast cancer were: few pregnancies (1-2 vs greater than 4 OR 2.14, 95% CL 1.13-4.04), few children (for postmenopausal only, chi trend 4.84), previous breast disease (OR 1.97, 95% CL 1.20-3.23), family history (OR 3.57, 95% CL 1.92-6.63), alcohol (OR 1.68, 95% CL 1.12-2.53), high socioeconomical status (1 vs 4 OR 2.93, 95% CL 1.22-70.03). A protective role was evident for: early age at first birth (for premenopausal only, less than 20 vs g…
The effect of exposure to radiofrequency fields on cancer risk in the general and working population: A protocol for a systematic review of human obs…
2021
Highlights • RF-EMF was classified by IARC as possibly carcinogenic to humans (2B) in May 2011 • A systematic review of all subject-relevant epidemiological studies is now needed. • A detailed protocol ensures the review's transparency, utility and credibility. • Original study validity will be evaluated with a customized OHAT risk of bias tool. • Internal coherence and external plausibility will inform conclusions.
Maternal caesarean section infection (MACSI) in Sierra Leone: a case-control study.
2020
Sierra Leone is the country with highest maternal mortality and infections are the underlying cause in 11% of maternal deaths, but the real burden remains unknown. This study aims to determine the incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection (SSI) post-caesarean section (CS) in women admitted to Princess Christian Maternity Hospital (PCMH) in Freetown, Sierra Leone. A prospective case-control (1:3 ratio) study was implemented from 1 May 2018 to 30 April 2019 and 11 women presenting with suspected or confirmed infection post-CS were screened for inclusion as a case. For each case, three patients undergoing CS on the same day and admitted to the same ward, but not presenting with SSI…