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showing 10 items of 1185 documents
Determination of urea-derived pesticides in fruits and vegetables by solid-phase preconcentration and capillary electrophoresis
2001
A multiresidue analytical method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) enrichment combined with capillary electrophoresis (CE), using micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC), was developed to determine ten substituted urea pesticides in orange and tomato samples. Several factors such as pH, composition and concentration of the buffer, concentration of surfactant, addition of organic solvent, and working voltage were optimized to obtain the best compound separation in the shortest time. Separation can be achieved in 7 min using a micellar aqueous pH 9 buffer composed of 4 mM borate and 35 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate. After an SPE procedure, which provided a 10-fold enrichment, …
A Synthetic View of Different Concepts of Creditor Protection - Or a High-Level Framework for Corporate Creditor Protection
2006
Protection of corporate creditors has become an important topic within the European Union. At EU level, discussion has been sparked by widespread dissatisfaction with some very rigid and cumbersome provisions, and even with the whole concept of the Second Company Law Directive. At EU Member State level, three landmark decisions by the European Court of Justice — Centros, Uberseering, and Inspire Art — opened the way for an all-out competition between the different company forms provided for by national company laws. At both levels, albeit for different reasons, British company law — and in particular the absence of any legal capital in the private limited company — acts as the main driving …
Europe’s Peat Fire: Intangible Heritage and the Crusades for Identity
2019
Dissonances of ethnic nationalism have in Western cultural policy long been concealed by the universalist discourses of the international treaties on material heritage protection, as framed by the expansive heritage conservation apparatuses of the European nation states. Originally inspired by the 19th century romantic spirit of conservation, they became in the 20th century part of the modern, state-apparatus. Yet parallel with the European enlargements and new kinds of memory debates on the Holocaust and postcolonialism, these authorized heritage regimes have received more and more competition from a transnational counter-discourse on intangible cultural heritage. Like the earlier transfor…
Virtual atomic and molecular data centre
2010
The Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre (VAMDC, http://www.vamdc.eu) is a European Union funded collaboration between groups involved in the generation, evaluation, and use of atomic and molecular data. VAMDC aims to build a secure, documented, flexible and interoperable e-science environment-based interface to existing atomic and molecular data. The project will cover establishing the core consortium, the development and deployment of the infrastructure and the development of interfaces to the existing atomic and molecular databases. It will also provide a forum for training potential users and dissemination of expertise worldwide. This review describes the scope of the VAMDC project;…
Application of an HPLC-MS/MS method for mycotoxin analysis in commercial baby foods
2012
Abstract This article describes the validation of an analytical method for the detection of 21 mycotoxins in baby food. The analytical method is based on the simultaneous extraction of selected mycotoxins by matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) using a hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometer (QTRAP®). Information Dependent Acquisition (IDA), an extra confirmation tool for samples that contain the selected mycotoxins, was used. The matrix effects were evaluated, and the corrections for the matrix effects were performed using two calibration approaches: external matrix-matched calibration and…
The European Union's Proposal for an International Investment Court: Significance, Innovations and Challenges Ahead
2016
International audience; Rampant discontent with the current system that governs the protection of international investment and the functioning of investment tribunals has led to a widespread view that there is an urgent need for reform. This is particularly pronounced in the context of investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS). The European Union (EU) has responded to this need by proposing the creation of an international investment court. With its political weight, the EU confers unprecedented legitimacy on the critics of the current ISDS system and reveals investment dispute settlement in the light of public international law, breaking with its background in commercial litigation. The art…
New Study Group on European Cooperative Law: 'Principles' Project
2012
This paper presents both a new scientific network named “Study Group on European Cooperative Law” (SGECOL), and the “Principles of European Cooperative Law” (PECOL) project, which SGECOL has identified as its first research activity.SGECOL is a European group of cooperative law scholars, established in Trento (Italy), at the European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises (Euricse), in November 2011. SGECOL’s general objective is to conduct comparative research on cooperative law in Europe, thus promoting increased awareness and understanding of cooperative law within the legal, academic and governmental communities at national, European and international level. SGECOL int…
Price Convergence in the European Union
2004
This study investigates the relationship between market integration and price convergence in international markets. Using a panel data set of consumer price indices (general and by groups and classes), it examines how European market integration has affected cross-country dispersion in the European Union.
Lifelong Learning: international injunctions and university practices
2001
JEAN-PIERRE JALLADE & JOSE´-GINE´S MORAIntroductionThe aim of this article is to elucidate whether the international discourse onlifelong learning (LLL) had any influence on what universities are doing in thisfield. International trends will be examined on the basis of OECD, UNESCO,EU and Council of Europe policy documents. University practice will be based onan enquiry carried out in 28 universities in seven European countries in 1999–2000 in the framework of the project Lifelong Learning and the University,sponsored by the EU/DG 12.Between the international policy discourse and university practice stands thenational layer of policy-making, giving rise to two interesting issues: first, don…
The European Union as a normal international actor: an analysis of the EU Global Strategy
2019
For a long time, the European Union (EU) has been described by many scholars and policymakers as a civilian and a normative power. This article argues that these concepts do not accurately capture the foreign policy behaviour of the EU as prescribed in the European Union Global Strategy (EUGS). It first situates EU identity and role played in international relations within role strain theory. Then, it notes that the EU has difficulties fulfilling duties connected with its international identity and role. The second part of the article uses three indicators to examine whether the EU is pursuing ‘normal’ international actor status or not, drawing on the Strategy and relevant literature to do …