Search results for "cathode"

showing 10 items of 296 documents

Enhancement of the linear polarization of coherent bremsstrahlung by collimation of the photon beam

1998

A method is described to precisely predict the relative intensities and degrees of linear polarization of coherent bremsstrahlung from diamond crystals, taking into account the collimation of the photon beam and the lateral distribution and angular divergence of the electron beam in addition to the properties of the crystal. It is confirmed that the increase of the degree of linear polarization through collimation of the photon beam is a sizable effect. Compared to previous approaches considerable progress has been made in reproducing the experimentally observed relative intensities of collimated coherent bremsstrahlung, by taking into account the angular distribution of coherent bremsstrah…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsLinear polarizationAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaBremsstrahlung01 natural sciencesCollimated lightCrystalDistribution (mathematics)0103 physical sciencesCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsRadial polarizationAtomic physics010306 general physicsDivergence (statistics)Physical Review C
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Precision electron beam polarimetry for next generation nuclear physics experiments

2018

Polarized electron beams have played an important role in scattering experiments at moderate to high beam energies. Historically, these experiments have been primarily targeted at studying hadronic structure — from the quark contribution to the spin structure of protons and neutrons, to nucleon elastic form factors, as well as contributions to these elastic form factors from (strange) sea quarks. Other experiments have aimed to place constraints on new physics beyond the Standard Model. For most experiments, knowledge of the magnitude of the electron beam polarization has not been a limiting systematic uncertainty, with only moderately precise beam polarimetry requirements. However, a new …

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringPolarimetryForm factor (quantum field theory)General Physics and AstronomyElectron01 natural sciencesNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator Physics010306 general physicsNucleonElectron scatteringBeam (structure)International Journal of Modern Physics E
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Astrophysics and spectroscopy with microcalorimeters on an electron beam ion trap

2003

The importance of the combination of electron beam ion trap (EBIT) spectroscopy with X-ray microcalorimeters in the field of astrophysics was discussed. X-ray astronomy involves heavily charged ion instruments , especially EBIT, to obtain improved quality atomic data. In this regard, the research program at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which uses X-ray spectroscopic methods to study plasma and atomic physics, was also discussed.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsX-rayHighly charged ionSurfaces Coatings and FilmFizikai tudományokSurfaces and InterfacesPlasmaAstrophysicsHighly charged ionIonX-rayNuclear physicsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaTermészettudományokMicrocalorimeterIonizationCathode rayAtomic physicsLaboratory astrophysicSpectroscopyElectron beam ion trapInstrumentationElectron beam ion trapNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Anomalous behavior of LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD100H) irradiated with electron beams

2006

Abstract Thermoluminescent dosimeters of LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD100H) were exposed to 60Co γ -ray, protons, high energy electrons and the glow curves were analyzed. We observed an unusual behavior of the TL response of dosimeters to 7 and 14 MeV electron beam. In fact the relative amplitude between two of the five peaks (2° and 3° peaks) assumes values smaller than the unity for doses up to 5 Gy and values greater than the unity for doses equal to or greater than 10 Gy. A possible explanation of this behavior is given adopting a model of the formation of the peaks 2° and 3° and examining the different ways of energy release in matter for each beam. To perform this analysis we deconvoluted the glow…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsDosimeterbusiness.industryTrappingElectronKinetic energyThermoluminescenceOpticsLETCathode rayTLD100HIrradiationAtomic physicsbusinessInstrumentationGOKBeam (structure)thermoluminescenceNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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The 1.5GeV harmonic double-sided microtron at Mainz University

2008

Abstract At the Institut fur Kernphysik of Mainz University a harmonic double-sided microtron (HDSM) has been built to extend the experimental capabilities for nuclear and particle physics experiments to higher excitation energies. This novel microtron variant accelerates the 0.855 GeV continuous wave (cw) electron beam of the established three-staged race track microtron (RTM) cascade MAMI B up to 1.5 GeV. It consists of two normal conducting linear accelerators (linacs) through which the electrons are guided up to 43 times by a pair of 90°-bending magnets at each end. For beam dynamical reasons the linacs operate at the harmonic frequencies of 4.90 and 2.45 GHz. The extended facility is c…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsElectronLinear particle acceleratorNuclear physicsAccelerationCathode rayHarmonicPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationMicrotronBeam (structure)ExcitationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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A hot cavity laser ion source at IGISOL

2008

A development program is underway at the IGISOL (Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line) facility, University of Jyvaskyla, to efficiently and selectively produce low-energy radioactive ion beams of silver isotopes and isomers, with a particular interest in N=Z 94Ag. A hot cavity ion source has been installed, based on the FEBIAD (Forced Electron Beam Induced Arc Discharge) technique, combined with a titanium:sapphire laser system for selective laser ionization. The silver recoils produced via the heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reaction, 40Ca(58Ni, p3n)94Ag, are stopped in a graphite catcher, diffused, extracted and subsequently ionized using a three-step laser ionization scheme. The performance…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsLaserIon sourceIonlaw.inventionElectric arclawIonizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersSapphireCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsGraphiteNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Atomic physicsNuclear ExperimentNuclear ExperimentThe European Physical Journal A
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Design, Construction and Performance Tests of a Prototype MicroMegas Chamber with Two Readout Planes in a Common Gas Volume

2016

In this paper, the design and the performance of a prototype detector based on MicroMegas technology with two detection planes in a common gas volume is discussed. The detector is suited for the forward region of LHC detectors, addressing the high-rate environment and limited available space. Each detection plane has an active area of 9x9 cm^2 with a two-dimensional strip readout and is separated by a common gas region with a height of 14 mm. A micro-mesh, working as a cathode, is placed in the middle of the common gas volume separating it into two individual cells. This setup allows for an angle reconstruction of incoming particles with a precision of 2 mrad. Since this design reduces the …

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectors010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringbusiness.industryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDetectorFOS: Physical sciencesMicroMegas detectorDESYInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)01 natural sciencesCathodelaw.inventionOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator Physics010306 general physicsbusinessInstrumentationBeam (structure)
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Performance Studies of Pixel Hybrid Photon Detectors for the LHCb RICH Counters

2006

The Pixel Hybrid Photon Detector is a vacuum tube with a multi-alkali photo cathode, high voltage cross-focused electron optics and an anode consisting of a silicon pixel detector bump-bonded to a readout CMOS electronic chip fully encapsulated in the device. The Pixel HPD fulfils the requirements of the Ring Imaging Cherenkov counters of the LHCb experiment at LHC. The performances of the Pixel HPD will be discussed with reference to laboratory measurements, Cherenkov light imaging in recent beam tests, image distortions due to a magnetic field.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderPixelPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryCherenkov detectorVacuum tubeHigh voltageAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCathodelaw.inventionOpticslawComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionElectron opticsOptoelectronicsbusinessCherenkov radiationNuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements
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A high power liquid hydrogen target for the Mainz A4 parity violation experiment

2005

We present a new powerful liquid hydrogen target developed for the precise study of parity violating electron scattering on hydrogen and deuterium. This target has been designed to have minimal target density fluctuations under the heat load of a 20$\mu$A CW 854.3 MeV electron beam without rastering the electron beam. The target cell has a wide aperture for scattered electrons and is axially symmetric around the beam axis. The construction is optimized to intensify heat exchange by a transverse turbulent mixing in the hydrogen stream, which is directed along the electron beam. The target is constructed as a closed loop circulating system cooled by a helium refrigerator. It is operated by a …

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsNatural convectionHydrogenFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementElectronHelium-3 refrigeratorchemistryHeat transferCathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Atomic physicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationLiquid hydrogenBeam (structure)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Performance of the ATLAS liquid argon endcap calorimeter in the pseudorapidity region in beam tests

2008

Abstract The pseudorapidity region 2.5 | η | 4.0 in ATLAS is a particularly complex transition zone between the endcap and forward calorimeters. A set-up consisting of 1 4 resp. 1 8 of the full azimuthal acceptance of the ATLAS liquid argon endcap and forward calorimeters has been exposed to beams of electrons, pions and muons in the energy range E ⩽ 200 GeV at the CERN SPS. Data have been taken in the endcap and forward calorimeter regions as well as in the transition region. This beam test set-up corresponds very closely to the geometry and support structures in ATLAS. A detailed study of the performance in the endcap and forward calorimeter regions is described. The data are compared wit…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMuonLarge Hadron ColliderPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors010308 nuclear & particles physics01 natural sciencesCalorimeterNuclear physicsmedicine.anatomical_structurePionAtlas (anatomy)Pseudorapidity0103 physical sciencesmedicineCathode rayHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsInstrumentationBeam (structure)Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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