Search results for "causa."

showing 10 items of 647 documents

Mother and offspring fitness in an insect with maternal care: phenotypic trade-offs between egg number, egg mass and egg care

2014

Background Oviparous females have three main options to increase their reproductive success: investing into egg number, egg mass and/or egg care. Although allocating resources to either of these three components is known to shape offspring number and size, potential trade-offs among them may have key impacts on maternal and offspring fitness. Here, we tested the occurrence of phenotypic trade-offs between egg number, egg mass and maternal expenditure on egg care in the European earwig, Forficula auricularia, an insect with pre- and post-hatching forms of maternal care. In particular, we used a series of laboratory observations and experiments to investigate whether these three components no…

Egg cannibalismInsectaCostReproductionOvipositionParental careEarwig590 Tiere (Zoologie)590 Zoological sciencesembryonic structuresAnimalsFemaleInsectEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsResearch ArticleReciprocal causationOvumBMC Evolutionary Biology
researchProduct

The cartesian ethics of the thought

2012

Descartes' work is a work of thought, which he wanted and built with method, strictness and constancy his whole life through. Thanks to this work, we do not discover as much the truth of the things as the way we can build our own thought and system of convictions. And the method Descartes is suggesting and applying in the mean time is aimed at coherence. To think truly the world is consequently the most reliable way to think with coherence.The subject of the study is to highlight the rules that indeed make up what we may call the Cartesian maxim of the thought. With this aim in view, we start with the description of what is for Descartes the thought on one hand, and on the other hand, this …

EgoEthicsCausalitéObjet géométrique[SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/PhilosophyCausality[ SHS.PHIL ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy[SHS.PHIL] Humanities and Social Sciences/PhilosophyDouteCorpsDoubtAutreEthiqueGeometrical objectOtherBodySubstanceConscience
researchProduct

Time-dependent Kohn-Sham approach to quantum electrodynamics

2010

We prove a generalization of the van Leeuwen theorem towards quantum electrodynamics, providing the formal foundations of a time-dependent Kohn-Sham construction for coupled quantized matter and electromagnetic fields. Thereby we circumvent the symmetry-causality problems associated with the action-functional approach to Kohn-Sham systems. We show that the effective external four-potential and four-current of the Kohn-Sham system are uniquely defined and that the effective four-current takes a very simple form. Further we rederive the Runge-Gross theorem for quantum electrodynamics.

Electromagnetic fieldGeneralizationKohn–Sham equationsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesCausality (physics)Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceSimple (abstract algebra)0103 physical sciencesQuantum no-deleting theoremPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Chemical Physics010306 general physicsPhysicsPhysics::Computational PhysicsQuantum Physicsta114021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSymmetry (physics)Condensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterQuantum electrodynamicsStochastic electrodynamics0210 nano-technologyQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
researchProduct

Casimir-Polder potentials as entanglement probe

2007

We have considered the interaction of a pair of spatially separated two-level atoms with the electromagnetic field in its vacuum state and we have analyzed the amount of entanglement induced between the two atoms by the non local field fluctuations. This has allowed us to characterize the quantum nature of the non local correlations of the electromagnetic field vacuum state as well as to link the induced quantum entanglement with Casimir-Polder potentials.

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsQuantum PhysicsField (physics)Vacuum stateFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyCAUSALITYLink (geometry)Quantum entanglementNon localCasimir-Polder forceSTATEATOMSENERGYCasimir effectQuantum mechanicsentanglementQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Quantum
researchProduct

Micro-macro. Note su un'idea di Douglas Hofstadter

2010

The paper aims to explain the theoretical meaning of the so-called down-ward causation. It is a fundamental property of the emergent systems.

Emergence Mereology down-ward causationSettore M-FIL/05 - Filosofia E Teoria Dei Linguaggi
researchProduct

Saggezza dei patterns e nuove strategie cooperative

2013

The paper aims to analyze the concept of downward causation and the role that it plays in the theoretical frameworks of biology and cognitive science.

Emergence Reduction Mereology non-standard Downward Causation ComplexitySettore M-FIL/05 - Filosofia E Teoria Dei Linguaggi
researchProduct

Spectral decomposition of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular interactions in patients prone to postural syncope and healthy controls.

2022

We present a framework for the linear parametric analysis of pairwise interactions in bivariate time series in the time and frequency domains, which allows the evaluation of total, causal and instantaneous interactions and connects time- and frequency-domain measures. The framework is applied to physiological time series to investigate the cerebrovascular regulation from the variability of mean cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the cardiovascular regulation from the variability of heart period (HP) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP). We analyze time series acquired at rest and during the early and late phase of head-up tilt in subjects developing or…

Endocrine and Autonomic SystemsTime series analysisBlood PressureHeartBaroreflexCardiovascular SystemSyncopeCerebral autoregulationCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceHeart RateAutoregressive modelsCardiovascular controlCerebrovascular CirculationGranger causalitySettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica e InformaticaHumansNeurology (clinical)Spectral decompositionAutoregressive models; Cardiovascular control; Cerebral autoregulation; Granger causality; Spectral decomposition; Time series analysis;Autonomic neuroscience : basicclinical
researchProduct

Cardiovascular diseases and apical periodontitis: association not always implies causality.

2020

Background: Several studies published in the last two decades have found an association between the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) or root canal treatment (RCT) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the demonstration of association does not prove by itself the existence of a cause–effect relationship. Two diseases can appear as statistically related without any of them directly affecting the values of the other, resulting in a non-causal relationship. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the association between AP and CVDs, analysing it according to the Hill’s causality criteria. Materials and Methods: Epidemiological stud…

Endodontic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyMEDLINEProtective factorReviewlaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialApical periodontitislawRisk FactorsRoot canal treatmentInternal medicineEpidemiologymedicineHumansGeneral DentistryPeriodontitisOral Medicine and Pathologybusiness.industryConfounding030206 dentistryOdds ratio:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]AtherosclerosisCardiovascular diseasemedicine.diseaseCausalityRoot Canal TherapyCoronary heart diseaseCross-Sectional StudiesOtorhinolaryngologyCardiovascular DiseasesUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgerybusinessPeriapical PeriodontitisMedicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal
researchProduct

Information as an essential link between natural science and human science : main focus : the impact of information on the functioning and behaviour …

2016

This thesis aims at considering the information as essential link between the sciences of the nature and the human sciences. It is mainly refered to principles of the natural science, allied in a set of scientific stemming approaches, in particular, theories of the complexity, of chaos, of information, auto-organization, emergences and ecosystems. The laws of the thermodynamics play a central role in this context, where the organization and the negentropy make directly part of the field of information production. There is in particular refered to Law of maximization of entropy Production (or, in other words, of energy dissipation), among which the incidence on the functioning and the behavi…

EnergyEntropyDissipation of energyThermodynamique[SHS.INFO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciencesCausalitySystemicsOrganisationInformationDissipation d’énergieConversationThermodynamicsÉnergieComportement humainÉcosystèmesRobotiqueDissipative structureNegentropyStructures dissipativesOrganization
researchProduct

A model of goal dynamics in technology-based organizations

2011

The purpose of the present work is to build a suitable system dynamics model for goal dynamics in organizations, as proposed by Barlas and Yasarcan (2008). The proposed model does not bear any ambition of being exhaustive: the main objective of this paper is to propose a model of goal dynamics in which Goal Setting, Management by Objectives and Training are viewed as human resource practices able to enhance workers' goal commitment, and therefore, improve organizational performance. In the first part of this paper, an analysis of the Goal Setting Theory and the role of goal setting practices, in bettering worker's performance, are stressed. In the second part, a case-study, the causal loop …

EngineeringInformation Systems and ManagementStrategy and ManagementCausal loop diagramOrganizational dynamicManagement Science and Operations ResearchStrategic human resource planningOrganizational performanceOptimization analysiGoal settingParameter estimationManagement by ObjectiveStrategic Human Resource ManagementSettore M-PSI/06 - Psicologia Del Lavoro E Delle OrganizzazioniScenario analysisHuman resourcesGoal settingGoal orientationbusiness.industryManagement scienceGoal commitmentGeneral EngineeringIndustrial relationsbusinessManagement by objectivesBehaviour reproduction testingJournal of Engineering and Technology Management
researchProduct