Search results for "cavity"

showing 10 items of 641 documents

Dental anatomy portrayed with microscopic volume investigations

1993

The clinical treatment of the root canal of teeth--called endodontics--assumes a precise idea of the spatial arrangement of the anatomy of teeth and their inner structure. By using computer-assisted data acquisition from filmed sequences of histologic serial sections and a special kind of magnetic resonance microscope--the Stray Field Imaging (STRAFI)--volume investigations were carried out using special functions of a newly developed 3D software. Possible applications and future perspectives are discussed.

Engineering drawingDental anatomyComputer scienceHealth InformaticsTooth rootImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingTooth RootClinical treatmentDental PulpMicroscopyData displayRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryVolume renderingImage enhancementImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingMolarComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignData DisplayComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionDental Pulp CavityNuclear medicinebusinessToothSoftwareVolume (compression)Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics
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A preliminary method for the numerical prediction of the behavior of air bubbles in the design of Air Cavity Ships

2016

Air-cavity ships (ACS) are advanced marine vehicles that use air injection under hull to improve the vessel’s hydrodynamic characteristics. Although the concept of drag reduction by supplying gas under the ship’s bottom was proposed in the 19th century by Froude and Laval, at this time there are not many systematic studies on this subject. This paper is a preliminary work with the purpose of being a basic tool for the design of the ACS with computational fluid dynamic methods. The study aims to conduct a series of computational tests to compare the numerical models of bubble with experimental data. The first step of this study was to investigate the behavior of free bubble in water, conside…

EngineeringBubbleAerospace Engineering020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyComputational fluid dynamics01 natural sciencesCritical mass (software engineering)010305 fluids & plasmas0201 civil engineeringPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesakeHull0103 physical sciencesFroude numberNautical designSettore ING-IND/15 - Disegno E Metodi Dell'Ingegneria IndustrialeAir Cavity ShipFluid Flow and Transfer Processesbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringDragAutomotive EngineeringsymbolsHull ventilationbusinessReduction (mathematics)CFDHigh-speed craft designSecondary air injectionMarine engineering
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Large-photon-number limit and the essential singularity in finite quantum electrodynamics

1976

It is shown that the essential singularity in finite quantum electrodynamics can be located by considering only those diagrams with a large number of photons exchanged in the single-fermion loop, without photons emitted and absorbed on a fermion line. (AIP)

Essential singularityPhysicsQuantum opticsOpen quantum systemPhotonHigh Energy Physics::LatticeQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsStochastic electrodynamicsCavity quantum electrodynamicsGauge theoryQuantum field theoryPhysical Review D
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An application of the arithmetic euler function to the construction of nonclassical states of a quantum harmonic oscillator

2001

Abstract All quantum superpositions of two equal intensity coherent states exhibiting infinitely many zeros in their Fock distributions are explicitly constructed and studied. Our approach is based on results from number theory and, in particular, on the properties of arithmetic Euler function. The nonclassical nature of these states is briefly pointed out. Some interesting properties are brought to light.

Euler functionCavity quantum electrodynamicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsFock spacesymbols.namesakeNumber theoryQuantum harmonic oscillatorQuantum mechanicssymbolsCoherent statesNonclassical lightArithmeticQuantumMathematical PhysicsMathematicsReports on Mathematical Physics
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Cactus pear fruit extract exerts anti-inflammatory effects in carrageenin-induced rat pleurisy

2015

Nutritional research has recently shifted from alleviating nutrient deficiencies to chronic disease prevention. In this study activity of cactus pear fruit extract (CPFE) from Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. has been investigated in carrageenin-induced pleurisy, a rat model of acute inflammation. In our experimental design rat pleurisy was achieved by the injection of 0.2 ml of λ-carrageenin in the pleural cavity. At selected time points, rats were sacrificed; cells recruited in pleura were counted and exudates collected to analyse inflammatory parameters such as NO, PGE2, IL-1β, TNF-α. CPFE (in the range between 5 and 20 g fresh fruit equivalent/kg), orally given 30 min before the injectio…

ExudatePEARmedicine.drug_classIndicaxanthin inflammation phytochemicals oxidative stressInflammationHorticulturePleural cavityBiologyPharmacologymedicine.diseaseAnti-inflammatoryHorticulturemedicine.anatomical_structureFunctional foodPleurisyIn vivoSettore BIO/10 - Biochimicamedicinemedicine.symptom
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Extraction of Singlet States from Noninteracting High-Dimensional Spins

2008

We present a scheme for the extraction of singlet states of two remote particles of arbitrary quantum spin number. The goal is achieved through post-selection of the state of interaction mediators sent in succession. A small number of iterations is sufficient to make the scheme effective. We propose two suitable experimental setups where the protocol can be implemented.

FABRY-PEROT-INTERFEROMETERPhysicsQuantum PhysicsSpinsScatteringSmall numberExtraction (chemistry)entanglement generation; quantum map; scatteringCavity quantum electrodynamicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyState (functional analysis)Quantum mechanicsSCATTERINGSinglet stateQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Quantum information scienceentanglement generationquantum mapQUANTUMENTANGLEMENT
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Microreflectivity studies of wavelength control in oxidised AlGaAs microcavities

2003

Wet oxidation of GaAs/AlGaAs structures is an important technique in the processing of advanced devices such as vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). In one VCSEL application, the low-index and electrically-insulating AlxOy layers have been used to obtain high-reflectivity and broad bandwidth distributed Bragg reflector mirrors (DBRs). A further recent development has shown that combined lateral–vertical oxidation of intracavity AlGaAs layers can be used to tune the resonant wavelength of a semiconductor microcavity. The slow oxidation rate limits the lateral scale of practical wet oxidation to mesas structures of 50–100 μm in width. Therefore post-processing assessment of spect…

FabricationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringPhysics::OpticsCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserDistributed Bragg reflectorVertical-cavity surface-emitting laserlaw.inventionWavelengthOpticsSemiconductorMechanics of MaterialslawOptical cavityMicroreflectivity wet oxidation DBRs microcavityOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials SciencebusinessSpectrographMaterials Science and Engineering: B
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Monitoring the Growth of a Microbubble Generated Photothermally onto an Optical Fiber by Means Fabry-Perot Interferometry.

2021

In the present paper, we show the experimental measurement of the growth of a microbubble created on the tip of a single mode optical fiber, in which zinc nanoparticles were photodeposited on its core by using a single laser source to carry out both the generation of the microbubble by photothermal effect and the monitoring of the microbubble diameter. The photodeposition technique, as well as the formation of the microbubble, was carried out by using a single-mode pigtailed laser diode with emission at a wavelength of 658 nm. The microbubble’s growth was analyzed in the time domain by the analysis of the Fabry–Perot cavity, whose diameter was calculated with the number of interference frin…

Fabry–Perotoptical fiberMaterials scienceOptical fiberfabry-pérotmicrobubble02 engineering and technologycavitylcsh:Chemical technology01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrylaw.invention010309 opticsOptics:FÍSICA [UNESCO]law0103 physical scienceslcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringOscilloscopeInstrumentationLaser diodebusiness.industryCommunicationPhotothermal effectUNESCO::FÍSICASingle-mode optical fiber021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsInterferometry0210 nano-technologybusinessvibrometerLaser Doppler vibrometerFabry–Pérot interferometerSensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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Role of CD36 in Oral and Postoral Sensing of Lipids

2011

Obesity and associated plethora of diseases constitute a major public health challenge worldwide. The conjunction of profound changes in our lifestyle and a thrifty genetic that evolved in an environment of food scarcity largely explains this epidemic situation. Food abundance promotes our specific appetite for the more palatable food generally rich in lipids. It is noteworthy that this attraction for fatty food is not specific to humans. Rats and mice also spontaneously prefer lipid-rich food in a free-choice situation. Detection of lipids in food requires the presence of specific sensors located in strategic places (e.g., oral cavity, small intestine, brain) whose activation results in a …

Fatty foodsCD36digestive oral and skin physiologyZoologyBiologymedicine.diseaseOral cavityObesitySpecific appetitemedicinebiology.proteinEating behaviorFood scienceSensing systemFood scarcity
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Pulse shaping in mode-locked fiber lasers by in-cavity spectral filter

2014

International audience; We numerically show the possibility of pulse shaping in a passively mode-locked fiber laser by inclusion of a spectral filter into the laser cavity. Depending on the amplitude transfer function of the filter, we are able to achieve various regimes of advanced temporal waveform generation, including ones featuring bright and dark parabolic-, flat-top-, triangular- and saw-tooth-profiled pulses. The results demonstrate the strong potential of an in-cavity spectral pulse shaper for controlling the dynamics of mode-locked fiber lasers.

Femtosecond pulse shaping[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Materials science[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyInjection seeder01 natural sciencesPulse shapingAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.invention010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsMode-lockingFiber Bragg gratinglawFiber laserOptical cavity0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringbusinessBandwidth-limited pulse
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