Search results for "cellular"
showing 10 items of 6449 documents
Vacuoles in the Acrysof<sup>TM</sup> Intraocular Lens as Factor of the Presence of Serum in Aqueous Humor
2001
<i>Objective:</i> Acrysof™ (Alcon) foldable lenses (IOLs) have been shown to be highly biocompatible and exhibit a low incidence of posterior capsular opacification. However, minute vacuoles or ‘glistenings’ have been observed in some Acrysof IOLs. The clinical relevance of vacuole formation is presently unclear. To help clarify the influence of factors present under in vivo conditions on vacuole formation, the present experimental study examines the influence of aqueous humor components on the occurrence of vacuoles in Acrysof IOLs. <i>Methods:</i> A total of 12 sterile Acrysof IOLs (Alcon, MA60BM) were incubated at body temperature (37°C) for 3 or 6 months in anter…
α-secretase mediated conversion of the amyloid precursor protein derived membrane stub C99 to C83 limits Aβ generation
2009
The Swedish mutation within the amyloid precursor protein (APP) causes early-onset Alzheimer's disease due to increased cleavage of APP by BACE1. While beta-secretase shedding of Swedish APP (APPswe) largely results from an activity localized in the late secretory pathway, cleavage of wild-type APP occurs mainly in endocytic compartments. However, we show that liberation of Abeta from APPswe is still dependent on functional internalization from the cell surface. Inspite the unchanged overall beta-secretase cleaved soluble APP released from APP(swe) secretion, mutations of the APPswe internalization motif strongly reduced C99 levels and substantially decreased Abeta secretion. We point out t…
Interaction between muscle stiffness and stretch reflex sensitivity after long-term stretch-shortening cycle exercise
1998
The short latency stretch-reflex component (M1) and its interactions with muscle stiffness and with muscle performance were investigated before and after long-term stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) exercise. Dramatic fatigue induced reduction in maximal SSC performance capability, and electromyographic activity was accompanied by a consistent decrease in the M1 reflex component and eccentric peak stiffness of the muscle. It can be suggested, therefore, that the decreased muscle performance is not simply a direct effect of central or peripheral fatigue, but is partly due to impairment of the ability to utilize stiffness-related elastic energy.
Intravoxel incoherent motion derived liver perfusion/diffusion readouts can be reliable biomarker for the detection of viral hepatitis B induced live…
2019
Background: Recent two studies reported that intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) analysis can separate healthy livers and viral hepatitis B (VHB) induced liver fibrosis. However, in these two studies the starting b-value for bi-exponential decay analysis was b =10 and b =15 s/mm 2 respectively. The current study has two primary aims. The first is to further confirm the diagnostic value of IVIM in detecting liver fibrosis. The second is to test whether by sampling very low b-value densely, then b =0 s/mm 2 image could be included to improve IVIM’s diagnostic performance. Methods: This was a prospective study with data acquired at the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changs…
Choroidal filling pattern during a hypotensive crisis
1987
Observation d'une jeune femme de 18 ans atteinte de dystrophie progressive des cones et bâtonnets et ayant presente une crise d'hypotension arterielle au cours d'une angiographie fluoresceinique
Rare <i>Atg7</i>&nbsp;Genetic Variants Predispose to Severe Fatty Liver Disease
2021
Background&Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease and has a strong heritable component. The aim of this study was to identify new genes involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. Methods: We examined rare variants captured by whole-exome sequencing in individuals with severe fibrosis or hepatocellular carcinoma due to NAFLD (severe NAFLD, n=301) after variant prioritization. We replicated the results in the UK Biobank and the Liver biopsy cohort (n=2268). Results: We observed an enrichment of the p.P426L variant (rs143545741 C>T; OR=7.2, 2.3-17.3; p C; MAF=0.060 vs. 0.035; OR=1.7, 1.2-2.5; p=0.003). In the UK Biobank cohort, the p.V471A variant wa…
IL-1β-converting enzyme (caspase-1) in intestinal inflammation
2001
IL-1β-converting enzyme (ICE; caspase-1) is the intracellular protease that cleaves the precursors of IL-1β and IL-18 into active cytokines. In the present study, the effect of ICE deficiency was evaluated during experimental colitis in mice. In acute dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis, ICE-deficient (ICE KO) mice exhibited a greater than 50% decrease of the clinical scores weight loss, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and colon length, whereas daily treatment with IL-1 receptor antagonist revealed a modest reduction in colitis severity. To further characterize the function of ICE and its role in intestinal inflammation, chronic colitis was induced over a 30-day time period. During this chron…
Hyperinsulinemia, hyperproinsulinemia and insulin resistance in the metabolic syndrome.
1996
For better comprehension of the metabolic syndrome, it is necessary to differentiate the effect of insulin on glucose metabolism on the one hand, and on other metabolic activities on the other hand. Whereas glucose utilization is affected by insulin resistance, the effect of insulin on lipid metabolism, ion and aminoacid transport does not seem to be diminished. Lipid metabolism, however, seems to play a crucial role in the induction of the vicious cycle. Increased energy and fat ingestion may be due to an increased number of galanin secreting cells in the hypothalamus. The excessive fat intake results in an increased rate of release of insulin and increased influx of triglycerides into the…
Fat and liver transplantation: clinical implications
2018
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with or without hepatocellular carcinoma, is a growing indication for liver transplantation (LT) worldwide, particularly in the Western world. Patients with NASH typically combine features of metabolic syndrome with cardiovascular comorbidities, which challenge pre-LT evaluation, surgical approaches, post-LT management, and outcomes. Post-LT survival in NASH patients is excellent, similar to that achieved with other indications, particularly in the absence of cardiovascular comorbidities. Although disease recurrence on the liver allograft is common, progression to advanced disease is uncommon, at least in the short term. Whether this holds true with long…
Role of magnesium in insulin action, diabetes and cardio-metabolic syndrome X
2003
Magnesium (Mg) is one of the most abundant ions present in living cells and its plasma concentration is remarkably constant in healthy subjects. Plasma and intracellular Mg concentrations are tightly regulated by several factors. Among them, insulin seems to be one of the most important. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that insulin may modulate the shift of Mg from extracellular to intracellular space. Intracellular Mg concentration has also been shown to be effective in modulating insulin action (mainly oxidative glucose metabolism), offset calcium-related excitation-contraction coupling, and decrease smooth cell responsiveness to depolarizing stimuli. A poor intracellular M…