Search results for "cerebral infarction"
showing 10 items of 82 documents
Time-dependent contribution of non neuronal cells to BDNF production after ischemic stroke in rats.
2010
International audience; Although brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a central role in recovery after cerebral ischemia, little is known about cells involved in BDNF production after stroke. The present study testes the hypothesis that neurons are not the unique source of neosynthesized BDNF after stroke and that non neuronal-BDNF producing cells differ according to the delay after stroke induction. For this purpose, cellular localization of BDNF and BDNF content of each hemisphere were analysed in parallel before and after (4h, 24h and 8d) ischemic stroke in rats. Stroke of different severities was induced by embolization of the brain with variable number of calibrated microsphe…
Ischemic stroke: etiologic work-up with multidetector CT of heart and extra- and intracranial arteries
2010
[DOI:\hrefhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.1010080410.1148/radiol.10100804] [PubMed:\hrefhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2106292521062925]; To assess the potential of a single-session multidetector computed tomography (CT) protocol, as compared with established methods, for the etiologic work-up of acute ischemic stroke.\ Patients found to have recently experienced an ischemic stroke were recruited for this prospective study after institutional review board approval was obtained. Each patient was scheduled for two evaluation strategies: (a) a standard approach involving transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), duplex ultrasonography (US) of the n…
A new model of thromboembolic stroke in the posterior circulation of the rat
2006
The prognosis of vertebrobasilar occlusion is grave and therapeutic options are limited. The aim of the present study was to develop a new model of embolic hindbrain ischemia in the rat that closely resembles the clinical situation and that can be used to study pathophysiology and treatment options. After thoracotomy in 20 male Wistar rats, 15 animals received an injection of in vitro prepared autologous blood clots into the left vertebral artery. Five animals without clot injection served as controls. Neurological deficits were assessed in all animals 2 h after embolism. After 2 h, five animals were sacrificed to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) by iodo-antipyridine autoradiography, and t…
Coagulation abnormalities in lacunar and cortical ischemic stroke are quite different
1998
In order to clarify the coagulation profile accompanying ischemic stroke, which may have implications on therapeutic strategies, we performed a prospective study to evaluate the hemostatic parameters in the first 24 h after the onset of cortical atherothrombotic infarct and lacunar infarction. Twenty-seven patients with cortical atherothrombotic infarction and 27 patients with lacunar infarction, diagnosed on clinical and CT-scan criteria, had blood samples taken within the first 24 h after onset of the stroke, and before anticoagulant treatment had been started. Levels of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, D-dimers, prothrombin factors 1 + 2, anti-thrombin III, and C-protein and S-proteins…
First-ever stroke incidence and 30-day case fatality in the Sicilian Aeolian archipelago, Italy
2005
Background and Purpose— Not many data on stroke epidemiology come from studies on islands. This is the first report on a Mediterranean archipelago population. Methods— Using recommended criteria, from July 1, 1999, to June 30, 2002, information was collected on first-ever stroke and 30-day case fatality in Aeolian island residents (13 431). Results— The overall crude incidence rate was 154 of 100 000 (95% CI, 118 to 197; 128 in men and 180 in women) or 180, 154, and 87, if adjusted to the Italian, European, and world populations, respectively. The 30-day case fatality rate was 24.2% (95% CI, 14.22 to 36.75). Conclusions— Besides genetic or dietary factors, our results may reflect local, li…
Impaired cortico-bulbar tract function in dysarthria due to hemispheric stroke. Functional testing using transcranial magnetic stimulation.
1997
We investigated cortico-lingual and cortico-orofacial tract function utilizing transcranial magnetic stimulation in 18 consecutive patients with dysarthria due to hemispheric stroke. Delayed responses (conduction time > mean + 2.5 SD of that of 43 controls) or absent responses were considered abnormal. In all patients, motor-cortex stimulation of the lesion side demonstrated absent (13 patients) or delayed (five patients) responses to the tongue bilaterally (17 patients) or unilaterally (one patient). In 14 patients the contralateral orofacial responses were either absent (13 patients) or delayed (one patient). According to the electrophysiological findings, all lesions revealed by CT or MR…
Stroke in diabetic patients.
2011
Stroke is the leading cause of disability and the second most frequent cause of death worldwide. On the one hand, diabetic patients have a 1.5 to 3-times higher risk of stroke, especially cerebral infarction, than non-diabetic subjects. This excess risk, which is particularly pronounced in younger individuals and women, can be reduced by effective therapeutic strategies aimed at improving glycaemic control and the management of co-morbid conditions such as hypertension and dyslipidaemia. On the other hand, the prevalence of diabetes in stroke patients is between 10 and 20%, and has been increasing over the last 20 years, probably in response to rising rates of overweight and obesity in the …
Administration of transforming growth factor-α reduces infarct volume after transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat
2001
Growth factors promote cell growth and survival and protect the brain from developing injury after ischemia. In this article, the authors examined whether transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α was protective in transient focal ischemia and whether alteration of cerebral circulation was involved. Rats received intraventricular TGF-α (50 ng, either split into 2 doses given 30 minutes before and 30 minutes after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), or 1 dose given 30 minutes after MCAO) or vehicle. Rats were subjected to 1-hour intraluminal MCAO and cerebral blood flow was recorded continuously by laser-Doppler flowmetry. Infarct volume was measured 1 and 4 days later. The effects of TGF-α o…
Diabetic 3rd nerve palsy: evidence for a mesencephalic lesion.
1990
Eleven consecutive adult chronic diabetic patients presented with an isolated 3rd nerve palsy (8 with pupillary sparing) of which 10 had abnormal ipsilateral or bilateral masseter reflexes (MassR). Three patients had an MRI lesion in the ipsilateral oculomotor fasciculus and 3 had subsequent mild brainstem signs. An additional 13 patients with Weber's syndrome had similar ipsilateral or bilateral MassR abnormalities, while 7 patients with 3rd nerve palsies on a known extra-axial basis had none. The findings suggest that an isolated diabetic 3rd nerve palsy, with or without pupillary sparing, is much more likely on the basis of a focal mesencephalic infarct than a peripheral nerve lesion.
Stroke after tadalafil use
2013
No abstract available