Search results for "changes"
showing 10 items of 901 documents
CeLL, an agent based model for exploring the spatial influence influence of climate change on Lobesia botrana population dynamics
2016
International audience; The European Grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana) is one of the most noxious vineyard-pests in the European and Mediterranean area. Its larvae feed on grapevine flowers and berries, and usually cause considerable damage, also by facilitating saphrophytic infections to berries.The biology of L. botrana has been investigated since the 80s. A number of studies has tested its physiology and behaviour in experimental conditions (Hurtrel et Thiéry 1999), in field conditions (Stockel et al. 1994), and using mathematical modelling techniques. Whereas the modelling approaches that have been proposed in the literature are hetereogeneus they generally focus on the phenology and pop…
Variations spatiales et temporelles de communautés adventices des cultures annuelles en France
2010
Résumé de thèse; National audience
Laboratory leaching studies of oryzalin and diuron through three undisturbed vineyard soil columns
2004
Article de revue (Article scientifique dans une revue à comité de lecture); International audience; The leaching of diuron and oryzalin through undisturbed soil columns was studied in the laboratory using three vineyard soils from Vosne-Romanée (Burgundy): a rendosol, a calcosol and a vegetated calcosol. After 845 mm of simulated rainfall in 15 days, soil leachates contained higher amounts of diuron (3.2%, 11.8% and 18.8% of applied diuron, respectively) than oryzalin (0.2%, 4.9%, 3.7%, respectively). A greater proportion of soil extractable residues was obtained for diuron (42.5%, 26.8% and 32.2%, respectively) than for oryzalin (14.7%, 12% and 15.5%, respectively). The greater mobility of…
Leaching of oryzalin and diuron through undisturbed vineyard soil columns under outdoor conditions
2006
12 pages; International audience; Field studies monitoring herbicide pollution in the vineyards of Burgundy (France) have revealed that drinking water reservoirs are contaminated with several pre-emergence herbicides. An assessment of the leaching of two such herbicides, diuron and oryzalin, was therefore performed using lysimeters, under outdoor conditions, from May 2001 to May 2002. Four vineyard soils from Vosne-Roman?(Burgundy) were chosen along a topolithosequence: a rendosol and three calcosols. After 673 mm of rainfall, greater amounts of diuron than oryzalin were measured in percolates: respectively 0.10-0.84% and 0.02-0.43% of applied herbicide, depending on soils. Measurements for…
Agroecology and Strategies for Climate Change
2012
; Sustainable agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for humans and their children. Sustainable agriculture is a discipline that addresses current issues such as climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, poor-nation starvation, rich-nation obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control, and biodiversity depletion.Novel, environmentally-friendly solutions are proposed based on integrated knowledge from sciences as diverse as agronomy, soil science, molecular biology, chemistry, toxicology, ecology, economy, and social sciences. Indeed, sustainable agriculture decipher mechanisms of processes that occur fro…
Holocene fire activity during low-natural flammability periods reveals scale-dependent cultural human-fire relationships in Europe
2018
Abstract Fire is a natural component of global biogeochemical cycles and closely related to changes in human land use. Whereas climate-fuel relationships seem to drive both global and subcontinental fire regimes, human-induced fires are prominent mainly on a local scale. Furthermore, the basic assumption that relates humans and fire regimes in terms of population densities, suggesting that few human-induced fires should occur in periods and areas of low population density, is currently debated. Here, we analyze human-fire relationships throughout the Holocene and discuss how and to what extent human-driven fires affected the landscape transformation in the Central European Lowlands (CEL). W…
Impact d'anciennes activités minières sur la zone critique : exemple des mines de plomb et d'argent de Peisey-Nancroix (19ème-20ème siècle)
2018
International audience; A better understanding of long-term trace metals dispersal and their bioavailability in the critical zone is required to anticipate future impacts of present-day mining activity. The Pb-Ag district of Peisey-Nancroix (northern French Alps) is an excellent target to study the long-term environmental impacts (> 150 years) of former mines and trace metal dispersal in the critical zone, considering that every steps of the mining cycle, from ore extraction to ore processing, were located on a few hectares site that has been unmodified since mine closure in 1866 (no reclamation). A cross-disciplinary study is conducted using several proxies (ore, waste dumps, soil, water, …
Températures extrêmes minimales de printemps et types de circulation atmosphérique sur l’Europe moyenne.
2019
55 pages; National audience
Variations du stockage et de la dynamique de la matière organique en fonction de l'utilisation des sols dans les savanes du Rift éthiopien.
2007
13 pages; International audience
Etude de l'évolution de la pollution atmosphérique par le CO2 dans la ville de Cotonou utilisant la signature isotopique des graminées C4
2007
8 pages; International audience