Search results for "chaperon"
showing 10 items of 358 documents
Muscle Histopathological Abnormalities in a Patient With a CCT5 Mutation Predicted to Affect the Apical Domain of the Chaperonin Subunit.
2022
Recognition of diseases associated with mutations of the chaperone system genes, e.g., chaperonopathies, is on the rise. Hereditary and clinical aspects are established, but the impact of the mutation on the chaperone molecule and the mechanisms underpinning the tissue abnormalities are not. Here, histological features of skeletal muscle from a patient with a severe, early onset, distal motor neuropathy, carrying a mutation on the CCT5 subunit (MUT) were examined in comparison with normal muscle (CTR). The MUT muscle was considerably modified; atrophy of fibers and disruption of the tissue architecture were prominent, with many fibers in apoptosis. CCT5 was diversely present in the sarcolem…
GENETIC NEUROCHAPERONOPATHIES ASSOCIATED WITH CCT5 AND HSP60 VARIANTS: ANALYSIS OF THEIR MOLECULAR ANATOMY AND POSSIBLE PATHOGENIC IMPLICATIONS
2022
Human dental pulp cell apoptosis: immunohistochemical study after applying orthodontic traction.
2012
The aim of this study was to compare human dental pulp stress and programmed cell death after 3 and 6 months of orthodontic treatments by assessing the degree of apoptosis and related proteins. Human dental pulps were collected from twenty young patients orthodontically treated by Straight Wire technique. Samples were fixed, paraffin-embedded and processed for histology and immunohistochemistry using anti-heat shock protein 60 kDa (Hsp60), -caspase 3, -caspase 9, and -PCNA antibodies, as well as TUNEL reactions. Moreover, we performed immunoprecipitation for Hsp60 and caspase 3, and for Hsp60 and caspase 9, from paraffin extracted tissues. Increased levels of both caspases and Hsp60 occurre…
Hsp27 and Hsp60 in human submandibular salivary gland: Quantitative patterns in healthy and cancerous tissues with potential implications for differe…
2021
Tumors of the submandibular salivary gland (SMG) are uncommon but sufficiently frequent for the physician to consider them in routine examinations and for the pathologist to be prepared to differentiate them from other tissue abnormalities. However, scarcity of specimens makes training difficult, a situation compounded by the lack of accepted universal diagnostic guidelines. Furthermore, there is little information on the chaperone system (CS) of the gland, despite the increasing evidence of its participation in carcinogenesis as a biomarker for diagnosis and patient follow up, and in the mechanisms by which the tumor cells thrive. We are investigating this aspect of various tumors, and her…
Chaperonin Hsp60 and Cancer Therapies
2020
The heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) is a chaperonin belonging to the chaperoning (chaperone) system that typically contributes to protein homeostasis inside mitochondria, but also plays various non-canonical roles unrelated to protein quality control beyond the organelle. Chaperonopathies are disorders in which chaperones play an etiologic-pathogenic role and contribute to the onset/progression of disease. Hsp60 chaperonopathies by mistake are diseases in which the chaperonin is apparently normal (as far as it can be determined with current methodologies) but it actively contributes to pathology, for example in certain types of cancer, and autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. In cer…
Role of CD1A and HSP60 in the antitumoral response of oesophageal cancer
2011
Oesophageal cancer (OC) is one of the most common and severe forms of tumor. A wider knowledge of molecular mechanisms which lead to a normal epithelium becoming a neoplasm may reveal new strategies to improve treatment and outcome of this disease. In this review, we report recent findings concerning molecular events which take place during carcinogenesis of the oesophagus. In particular, we focus on the role of two molecules, CD1a and Hsp60, which are overexpressed in oesophageal and many other types of tumor. Both molecules may present tumor antigens and promote in situ the stimulation of an antitumoral immune activity. We suggest there is a synergistic action between these molecules. Fur…
STRESS, CHAPERONI MOLECOLARI E MALATTIE INFIAMMATORIE CRONICHE DELL'INTESTINO
2011
This brief article is focused on HSP60, a very important molecular chaperon for cell surviving, involved in the pathogenesis of several degenerative, autoimmune, and neoplastic disorders. Recent reports confer unravelling role in IBD pathogenesis. involvement of HSP60 in CD and UC development has been recently confirmed. in fact HSP60 levels increase in mucosal epithelium and also in lamina propria of affected subjects.
HSP-MOLECULAR CHAPERONES IN CANCER BIOGENESIS AND TUMOR THERAPY: AN OVERVIEW
2012
Molecular chaperones, many of which are heat-shock proteins (HSPs), are an important class of molecules with various functions. Pathological conditions in which chaperones become etiological and/or pathogenic factors are called chaperonopathies, and are classified into by defect, by excess, and by "mistake". In the latter case, the chaperone is structurally and functionally normal but paqrtecipates in pathwais that favor diseases, aòlthough in some cases the chaperone may have post-translational modifications that may lead it to change its location and function and, thus, to become pathogenic. For example, HSP-chaperones are involved in acrcinogenesis in various ways, so that some forms of …
Chaperons moleculae in brain tumors-CHAMOBRAT TRIAL: HSP60 and microRNAs related levels in tissue and circulating exosomes in human brain tumors befo…
Current regimen for high-grade gliomas is maximal safe surgical resection followed by external beam radiotherapy with concurrent temozolamide. Maximal tumor resection, however, must be balanced with preservation of the patient’s neurological function. A crucial prognostic factor in oncological neurosurgery is the extent of resection. Several studies have addressed the importance of extent of resection in gliomas surgery. Despite development in the fields of pre operative and intraoperative neuroimaging and neuromonitoring have ameliorated the survival rate and the quality of life for patients affected by high grade gliomas, the clinical outcome of patients with such gliomas remains extremel…
Does SARS-CoV-2 Trigger Stress-InducedAutoimmunity by Molecular Mimicry? A Hypothesis.
2020
Viruses can generate molecular mimicry phenomena within their hosts. Why shouldsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) not be considered one of these?Information in this short review suggests that it might be so and, thus, encourages research aimingat testing this possibility. We propose, as a working hypothesis, that the virus induces antibodiesand that some of them crossreact with host’s antigens, thus eliciting autoimmune phenomena withdevasting consequences in various tissues and organs. If confirmed, by in vitro and in vivo tests,this could drive researchers to find effective treatments against the virus.