Search results for "chiral"

showing 10 items of 752 documents

ChPT parameters from tau-decay data

2015

Using the updated ALEPH V-A spectral function from tau decays, we determine the lowest spectral moments of the left-right correlator and extract dynamical information on order parameters of the QCD chiral symmetry breaking. Uncertainties associated with violations of quark-hadron duality are estimated from the data, imposing all known short-distance constraints on a resonance-based parametrization. Employing proper pinched weight functions, we obtain an accurate determination of the effective chiral couplings L10 and C87 and the dimension-six and -eight contributions in the Operator Product Expansion.

Chiral anomalyPhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsChiral perturbation theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesDuality (optimization)01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentOperator product expansion010306 general physicsChiral symmetry breakingParametrization
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Photon-pion charge asymmetry in e+e− reactions: A laboratory for perturbative QCD phases

1987

Abstract The charge asymmetry in the production of a photon and a meson in e + e - annihilation is studied in perturbative QCD. This quantity measures the interference of amplitudes governed by different momentum scales. It is thus a powerful tool to probe strong interaction phases at high energy and in the context of Sudakov exponentiation and the chromo Coulomb phase. We find a null result at the lowest non-trivial order off α s in the entire kinematic region described by perturbative QCD.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsAnnihilationChiral perturbation theoryMesonHigh Energy Physics::Latticemedia_common.quotation_subjectHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyStrong interactionPerturbative QCDAsymmetryPionQuantum electrodynamicsCoulombHigh Energy Physics::Experimentmedia_commonPhysics Letters B
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Left, Right, or Both? On the Configuration of the Phenanthroindolizidine Alkaloid Tylophorine from Tylophora indica

2013

The alkaloid (-)-tylophorine was isolated from a sample of Tylophora indica, and the crude extract was analyzed by HPLC/MS(n) and chiral HPLC/MS. While the literature states that the naturally occurring form of this alkaloid is the R-enantiomer and that its S-antipode is usually not found in nature, we confirmed the hypothesis of Govindachari and Nagarajan that natural levorotatory tylophorine is indeed a nearly racemic mixture with a slight excess of the R-enantiomer.

PharmacologyMolecular StructureChemistryAlkaloidOrganic ChemistryIndolizinesPharmaceutical ScienceTylophoraPhenanthrenesHigh-performance liquid chromatographyLevorotatoryAnalytical ChemistryChiral column chromatographyAlkaloidsTylophora indicaComplementary and alternative medicineDrug DiscoveryMolecular MedicineOrganic chemistryRacemic mixturePhenanthrolinesJournal of Natural Products
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π-Extended Pyrene-Fused Double [7]Carbohelicene as a Chiral Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon

2019

A π-extended double [7]carbohelicene 2 with fused pyrene units was synthesized, revealing considerable intra- and intermolecular π–π interactions as confirmed with X-ray crystallography. As compared to the previous double [7]carbohelicene 1, the π-extended homologue 2 demonstrated considerably red-shifted absorption with an onset at 645 nm (1: 550 nm) corresponding to a smaller optical gap of 1.90 eV (1: 2.25 eV). A broad near-infrared emission from 600 to 900 nm with a large Stokes shift of ∼100 nm (2.3 × 103 cm–1) was recorded for 2, implying formation of an intramolecular excimer upon excitation, which was corroborated with femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, 2 revea…

General Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryArticleCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesChiral column chromatographysymbols.namesakeCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryStokes shiftIntramolecular forceUltrafast laser spectroscopysymbolsPyreneDensity functional theorySpectroscopyIsomerizationJournal of the American Chemical Society
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4,4,4′,4′,7,7′-Hexamethyl-2,2′-spirobichroman

2000

The title compound, C23H28O2, was obtained from the reaction of acetone with meta-cresol. The molecular structure consists of two identical subunits which are nearly perpendicular to each other. The oxygen-containing rings are not planar and the molecule is chiral. The crystal structure consists of chains of molecules of the same chirality arranged along the [010] axis.

CrystallographyPlanarBicyclic moleculeChemistryPerpendicularMoleculeGeneral MedicineCrystal structurePhysics::Chemical PhysicsChirality (chemistry)General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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Odd parity bottom-flavored baryon resonances

2013

The LHCb Collaboration has recently observed two narrow baryon resonances with beauty. Their masses and decay modes look consistent with the quark model orbitally excited states Lambda(b)(5912) and Lambda(b)*(5920), with quantum numbers J(P) = 1/2(-) and 3/2(-), respectively. We predict the existence of these states within a unitarized meson-baryon coupled-channel dynamical model, which implements heavy-quark spin symmetry. Masses, quantum numbers and couplings of these resonances to the different meson-baryon channels are obtained. We find that the resonances Lambda(0)(b)(5912) and Lambda(0)(b)(5920) are heavy-quark spin symmetry partners, which naturally explains their approximate mass de…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsCharmNuclear TheoryN-asteriskHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesCHARMNuclear Theory (nucl-th)SUM-RULESHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Heavy-quark symmetryMESON-EXCHANGE0103 physical sciencesChiral dynamicsNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsNuclear theorySpectroscopyKaon-nucleon interactionsPhysicsMeson-exchangeStatesSPECTROSCOPYCoupled-channelN-ASTERISK010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyCHIRAL DYNAMICSFísicaCOUPLED-CHANNELHEAVY-QUARK SYMMETRYHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologySTATESSum-rulesKAON-NUCLEON INTERACTIONSHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentSpin symmetryHumanities
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Geometric approaches to particle physics

2008

Geometric approaches to particle physics have opened up new perspectives and unifying insights. After a few historical remarks I discuss the essence of the concept of G-theory: a primordial symmetry acting on a manifold and on the fields defined on it. This is then illustrated by the finite-dimensional case of Kaluza-Klein theories and by the infinite-dimensional case of chiral anomalies in Yang-Mills theories. In the latter case, a new and unifying description of topological and global anomalies is obtained.

Chiral anomalyPhysicsParticle physicsGauge grouplawGlobal anomalyGauge theoryManifold (fluid mechanics)Symmetry (physics)law.invention
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Pion generalized dipole polarizabilities by virtual Compton scatteringπe→πeγ

2001

We present a calculation of the cross section and the event generator of the reaction $\ensuremath{\pi}e\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\pi}e\ensuremath{\gamma}.$ This reaction is sensitive to the pion generalized dipole polarizabilities, namely, the longitudinal electric ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{L}{(q}^{2}),$ the transverse electric ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{T}{(q}^{2}),$ and the magnetic $\ensuremath{\beta}{(q}^{2})$ which, in the real-photon limit, reduce to the ordinary electric and magnetic polarizabilities $\overline{\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ and $\overline{\ensuremath{\beta}},$ respectively. The calculation of the cross section is done in the framework of chiral perturbation theory at $…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsDipoleParticle physicsPionChiral perturbation theoryCompton scatteringBeta (velocity)Nuclear theoryEvent generatorPhysical Review C
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Improved unitarized Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory for π N scattering

2000

We show how the unitarized description of pion nucleon scattering within Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory can be considerably improved, by a suitable reordering of the expansion over the nucleon mass. Within this framework, the $\Delta$ resonance and its associated pole can be recovered from the chiral parameters obtained from low-energy determinations. In addition, we can obtain a good description of the six $S$ and $P$ wave phase shifts in terms of chiral parameters with a natural size and compatible with the Resonance Saturation Hypothesis.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsFísica-Modelos matemáticosHeavy baryon chiral perturbation theoryScatteringHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaResonance (particle physics)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyPionPiFísica matemáticaNucleonSaturation (chemistry)Nuclear ExperimentComputer Science::Databases
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Charm and hidden charm scalar mesons in the nuclear medium

2009

We study the renormalization of the properties of low-lying charm and hidden charm scalar mesons in a nuclear medium, concretely of the D-s0(2317) and the theoretical hidden charm state X(3700). We find that for the D-s0(2317), with negligible width at zero density, the width becomes about 100 MeV at normal nuclear-matter density, while in the case of the X(3700) the width becomes as large as 200 MeV. We discuss the origin of this new width and trace it to reactions occurring in the nucleus, while offering a guideline for future experiments testing these changes. We also show how those medium modifications will bring valuable information on the nature of the scalar resonances and the mechan…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsTrace (linear algebra)Nuclear TheoryMesonNuclear TheoryScalar (mathematics)FOS: Physical sciencesCHIRAL-SYMMETRY RESTORATIONNuclear Theory (nucl-th)RenormalizationUNITARY APPROACHCharm (quantum number)Nuclear ExperimentNN INTERACTIONPhysicsHEAVY MESONSZero (complex analysis)FísicaLOCAL SYMMETRYMULTIQUARK HADRONSNuclear matterGAUGE BOSONPHI-PHOTOPRODUCTIONHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentPI-PI INTERACTIONNucleonVECTOR-MESONSThe European Physical Journal A
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