Search results for "chirality"

showing 10 items of 188 documents

Experimental evidence for chirality in the odd-A 105Rh

2004

Abstract High-spin states in 105 Rh were populated by the 96 Zr( 13 C, p3n) reaction at beam energies of 51 and 58 MeV, and studied using the EUROBALL IV γ -ray spectrometer and the DIAMANT charged particle array. A pair of nearly degenerate Δ I = 1 three-quasiparticle bands with the same spins and parity have been observed. Comparison of the experimental results with tilted axis cranking calculations confirms the chiral character of the two bands, while arguments based on the excitation of particles within the π g 9 / 2 ν ( h 11 / 2 ) 2 configuration of the yrast band and comparison with the previously observed γ band exclude the other possible interpretations. This is the first experiment…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsSpins010308 nuclear & particles physics[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Chiral partner bandsYrastDegenerate energy levelsParity (physics)[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Tilted axis cranking01 natural sciences21.10.Re; 21.60.-n; 23.20.Lv; 27.60.+jCore-quasiparticle coupling calculationsCharged particleThree-quasiparticle configuration0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticleAtomic physics010306 general physicsChirality (chemistry)ExcitationPhysics Letters B
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Novel stripe textures in nonchiral hexatic liquid-crystal films

1992

A novel macroscopic stripe texture has been observed in freely suspended films of nonchiral liquid crystal, uniform stripes of alternating molecular orientation form spontaneously at the smectic-C--to--surface-hexatic phase transition and broaden with decreasing temperature. The stripes are identified as splay domains whose formation is attributed to the polar symmetry of the hexatic surface layers. Transverse (director bend) walls, which lead to an additional modulation of the basic one-dimensional pattern, are manifested inside thick circular islands as twelve-armed star defects.

PhysicsPhase transitionMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryGeneral Physics and AstronomyChirality (electromagnetism)Symmetry (physics)Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterTransverse planeOpticsLiquid crystalCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityPolarTexture (crystalline)Symmetry breakingbusinessPhysical Review Letters
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Composite states of two right-handed neutrinos

2016

In this work, we develop a model for Higgs-like composites based on two generations of right-handed neutrinos that condense. We analyze the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the theory with two explicit breakings, setting the different scales of the model and obtaining massive bosons as a result. Finally, we calculate the gravitational wave imprint left by the phase transition associated with the symmetry breaking of a generic potential dictated by the symmetries of the composites.

PhysicsPhase transitionParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsSpontaneous symmetry breaking01 natural sciencesSupersymmetry breakingChirality (physics)Explicit symmetry breakingHiggs field0103 physical sciencesSymmetry breaking010306 general physicsChiral symmetry breakingPhysical Review D
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Topologically Protected Twist Edge States for a Resonant Mechanical Laser-Beam Scanner

2019

We design a one-dimensional chain of two different alternating three-dimensional elastic chiral unit cells. The chain’s topological band gap, a result of the alternation of unit cells combined with their chirality and an effective mirror symmetry, guarantees a protected edge state, corresponding to a localized twist mode with an eigenfrequency inside the one-dimensional band gap. A small axial modulation at the one end of the beam can excite this resonant twist mode at the other end of the beam, via evanescent modes in the gap. The topological robustness of the edge state allows us to add a micromirror to the other end of the beam, turning the arrangement into a resonant mechanical laser-be…

PhysicsScannerBand gapbusiness.industryAlternation (geometry)General Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesOptics0103 physical sciencesEdge statesTwist010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyMirror symmetrybusinessChirality (chemistry)Laser beamsPhysical Review Applied
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Chirality of $^{135}$Nd reexamined: Evidence for multiple chiral doublet bands

2019

One new pair of positive-parity chiral doublet bands have been identified in the odd-$A$ nucleus $^{135}$Nd which together with the previously reported negative-parity chiral doublet bands constitute a third case of multiple chiral doublet (M$\chi$D) bands in the $A\approx130$ mass region. The properties of the M$\chi$D bands are well reproduced by constrained covariant density functional theory and particle rotor model calculations. The newly observed M$\chi$D bands in $^{135}$Nd represents an important milestone in supporting the existence of M$\chi$D in nuclei.

Physics[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]Nuclear Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear structureFOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Nuclear Structure01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)medicine.anatomical_structure0103 physical sciencesmedicineNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsChirality (chemistry)NucleusNuclear theoryNuclear Experiment
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Surface Plasmons for Chiral Sensing

2021

Chiral sensitive techniques have been used to probe the fundamental symmetries of the universe, study biomolecular structures, and even develop safe drugs. The traditional method for the measurement of chirality is through optical activity, however, chiroptical signals are inherently weak and often suppressed by large backgrounds. Different techniques have been proposed to overcome the limitations of traditionally used optical polarimetry, such as cavity- and/or nanophotonic-based schemes. In this chapter we demonstrate how surface plasmon resonance can be employed as a new research tool for chiral sensing, which we term here as CHIral Surface Plasmon Resonance (CHISPR). We present how surf…

Physicsbusiness.industryHigh Energy Physics::LatticeSurface plasmonNanophotonicsPolarimetryPhysics::OpticsRange (mathematics)OptoelectronicsSurface plasmon resonancebusinessChirality (chemistry)Refractive indexVisible spectrum
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Measuring the Chiralities of Weak b → c(u) Transitions in Exclusive B Meson Decays

1989

I discuss possibilities to measure the chirality of the weak b → c(u) transitions in exclusive bottom meson decays in (i) the exclusive semileptonic decay process B → D* + 1 + ν1 and (ii) in the exclusive nonleptonic decays of bottom mesons to baryon-antibaryon pairs.

Physics::Fluid DynamicsSemileptonic decayChiralityPhysicsParticle physicsMesonNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyForm factor (quantum field theory)High Energy Physics::ExperimentB mesonNuclear Experiment
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Catalytic one-handed helix-induction and memory of amphiphilic poly(biphenylylacetylene)s in water

2020

Abstract A series of amphiphilic biphenylylacetylene-based homo- and copolymers (PBPAs) carrying chiral and/or achiral oligo(ethylene glycol) pendants at the 4’-position of the biphenyl units were synthesized and the amplification of the macromolecular helicity through noncovalent and/or covalent chiral interactions followed by the memory of the helicity were investigated in both water and organic solvents. The macromolecular helicity was efficiently induced in the homopolymers of achiral monomers through specific encapsulation of a catalytic amount of hydrophobic chiral guests in water and their induced helicities were stably memorized in water after complete removal of the optically-activ…

Polymers and PlasticsHelicity memoryLower critical solution temperaturechemistry.chemical_compoundHelicityAmphiphileMaterials ChemistryCopolymerheterocyclic compoundsChiralitylcsh:Science (General)chemistry.chemical_classificationorganic chemicalsGeneral ChemistryPolymerPolyacetyleneSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCrystallographyCircularly polarized luminescenceMonomerchemistryAxial chiralityEnantiomerChirality (chemistry)lcsh:Q1-390MacromoleculeGiant
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Vanishing chiral couplings in the large-Nc resonance theory

2007

5 pages, 2 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 12.39.Fe; 11.15.Pg; 12.38.-t.-- ISI Article Identifier: 000247625300022.-- ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0611375

Quantum chromodynamicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsChiral perturbation theory[PACS] Chiral Lagrangians in quark modelsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyForm factor (quantum field theory)FOS: Physical sciencesPerturbation theoryResonance (particle physics)Low-energy constantsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologysymbols.namesake[PACS] Expansions for large numbers of components (e.g. 1/Nc expansions) in gauge theoriesHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)Resonance theorysymbolsPerturbation theoryChirality (chemistry)Lagrangian
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Hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals with broad-range blue phases

2019

We report a modular supramolecular approach for the investigation of chirality induction in hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals. An exceptionally broad blue phase with a temperature range of 25 °C was found, which enabled its structural investigation by solid state 19F-NMR studies and allowed us to report order parameters of the blue phase I for the first time.

Range (particle radiation)Materials scienceHydrogenChemieSupramolecular chemistrySolid-statechemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryAtmospheric temperature range010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesLiquid Crystals Hydrogen Bonding Blue Phases Fluorine Supramolecular Chemistry0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryLiquid crystalPhase (matter)Materials ChemistrySettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie0210 nano-technologyChirality (chemistry)
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