Search results for "cholesterol"
showing 10 items of 1211 documents
Cardiovascular Efficacy and Safety of Bococizumab in High-Risk Patients
2017
Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Bococizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and reduces levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of bococizumab in patients at high cardiovascular risk. METHODS: In two parallel, multinational trials with different entry criteria for LDL cholesterol levels, we randomly assigned the 27,438 patients in the combined trials to receive bococizumab (at a dose of 150 mg) subcutaneously every 2 weeks or placebo. The primary end point was nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina requiring urgent re…
Down regulation of CD11b and CD18 expression in children with hypercholesterolemia: A preliminary report.
2009
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cell adhesion molecules play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis mediating the attachment of monocytes to the endothelium. The aim of our study was to assess the cell surface expression of CD11b/CD18 integrin on the phagocytes of children affected by hypercholesterolemia. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-six children with hypercholesterolemia (15 males, mean age 8.3, range 2-18) with a family history of early cardiovascular disease, as well as 26 children with normocholesterolemia matched for gender and age (15 males, mean age 8.3) were studied. Cell surface expression of CD11b/CD18 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analyzed by flow cytomet…
The c.43_44insCTG variation in PCSK9 is associated with low plasma LDL-cholesterol in a Caucasian population.
2006
Abstract The genetic etiology of familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) is unclear in the majority of cases. Mutations in apolipoprotein B (APOB) are the only confirmed causes of FHBL. Recently, loss-of-function mutations of PCSK9 gene have been shown to be associated with the hypocholesterolemia phenotype. Our primary goal was to confirm that mutations in PCSK9 could be another cause of FHBL. Using the sequencing approach, we found that the c.43_44insCTG variation in PCSK9, a common in-frame insertion in both African American and Caucasian populations, is associated with the hypocholesterolemia phenotype in three FHBL families. Then we tested whether this variation could be associated wit…
Prevalence of ANGPTL3 and APOB gene mutations in subjects with combined hypolipidemia.
2012
Objective— Mutations of the ANGPTL3 gene have been associated with a novel form of primary hypobetalipoproteinemia, the combined hypolipidemia (cHLP), characterized by low total cholesterol and low HDL-cholesterol levels. The aim of this work is to define the role of ANGPTL3 gene as determinant of the combined hypolipidemia phenotype in 2 large cohorts of 913 among American and Italian subjects with primary hypobetalipoproteinemia (total cholesterol <5th percentile). Methods and Results— The combined hypolipidemia cut-offs were chosen according to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels reported in the ANGPTL3 kindred described to date: total cholesterol levels, <2nd percentile …
Global perspective of familial hypercholesterolaemia: a cross-sectional study from the EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC)
2021
Background The European Atherosclerosis Society Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) global registry provides a platform for the global surveillance of familial hypercholesterolaemia through harmonisation and pooling of multinational data. In this study, we aimed to characterise the adult population with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and described how it is detected and managed globally. Methods Using FHSC global registry data, we did a cross-sectional assessment of adults (aged 18 years or older) with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of probable or definite heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia at the time they were entered into the registries. Dat…
Enhanced lipid peroxidation and platelet activation as potential contributors to increased cardiovascular risk in the low-HDL phenotype
2013
Background Low high‐density lipoprotein ( HDL ) levels are major predictors of cardiovascular ( CV ) events, even in patients on statin treatment with low‐density lipoprotein ( LDL ) at target. In animal models HDL s protect LDL from oxidation and blunt platelet activation. Our study aimed to examine whether HDL levels are related to in vivo oxidative stress and platelet activation, as determinants of atherothrombosis. Methods and Results Urinary 8‐iso‐PGF 2α and 11‐dehydro‐TXB 2 , in vivo markers of oxidative stress and platelet activation, respectively, were measured in 65 coronary heart disease (CHD) normocholesterolemic patients with HDL ≤35 mg/ dL , and in 47 CHD patients with HDL >…
Under-prescription of statins in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
2017
Abstract Background and Aim Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disease associated with high cardiovascular risk. Management of dyslipidaemia plays a pivotal role in the prevention of CV events and statins have proved to be safe in these patients. However, in everyday clinical practice statin prescription is sometimes limited because of the concern of physicians about side-effects. The aim of the study was to investigate if the presence of NAFLD affects the prescription of lipid-lowering treatment in a large series of patients with cardio-metabolic disorders. Methods and Results Cardiovascular risk and LDL-C targets were defined according to ESC/EAS Guidelines in 605 conse…
Factor VII Activity Is an Independent Predictor of Cardiovascular Mortality in Elderly Women of a Sicilian Population: Results of an 11-year Follow-up
2002
SummaryThe aim of the Epidemiological project “Ventimiglia di Sicilia” is to identify the cardiovascular risk factors in a Sicilian population with a low risk profile and healthy nutritional habits. The risk of cardiovascular mortality in older subjects (over 60 years of age) is presented for an 11 year follow-up. Females showed higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity and higher levels of total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, factor VII activity and fibrinogen compared to males. Cardiovascular mortality was related to hypertension and obesity in males, to high factor VII activity, obesity and diabetes mellitus in females. In a Logistic Regression model the same variables wer…
Dietary cholesterol and estrogen administration elevate brain apolipoprotein E in mice by different mechanisms.
2009
Apolipoprotein (apo) E plays an important role in the whole body cholesterol homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that it may also be involved in the local cholesterol transport in the brain, and influence the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by interacting with the beta-amyloid protein and brain lipoprotein receptors. Since apoE expression is highest in the brain, next only to the liver and associated with the pathogenesis of AD, we hypothesized that dietary and hormonal intervention, known to regulate hepatic apoE expression may also regulate brain apoE and thereby influence local cholesterol transport. To test this hypothesis, groups of male C57BL mice were fed either regular rode…
Evaluation of the performance of Dutch Lipid Clinic Network score in an Italian FH population: The LIPIGEN study
2018
Abstract Background and aims Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disorder characterized by high levels of blood cholesterol from birth and premature coronary heart disease. Thus, the identification of FH patients is crucial to prevent or delay the onset of cardiovascular events, and the availability of a tool helping with the diagnosis in the setting of general medicine is essential to improve FH patient identification. Methods This study evaluated the performance of the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) score in FH patients enrolled in the LIPIGEN study, an Italian integrated network aimed at improving the identification of patients with genetic dyslipidaemias, including FH.…