Search results for "chromosome"

A Mediterranean melting pot. Excavating uni-parental genetic strata in Sicily and Southern Italy

2013

Cytoglobin: A Novel Globin Type Ubiquitously Expressed inVertebrate Tissues

2002

Vertebrates possess multiple respiratory globins that differ in terms of structure, function, and tissue distribution. Three types of globins have been described so far: hemoglobin facilitates the transport of oxygen in the blood, myoglobin serves oxygen transport and storage in the muscle, and neuroglobin has a yet unidentified function in nerve cells. Here we report the identification of a fourth and novel type of globin in mouse, man, and zebrafish. It is expressed in apparently all types of human tissue and therefore has been called cytoglobin (CYGB). Mouse and human CYGBs comprise 190 amino acids; the zebrafish CYGB, 174 amino acids. The human CYGB gene is located on chromosome 17q25. …

Two α subunits and one β subunit of meprin zinc-endopeptidases are differentially expressed in the zebrafish Danio rerio

2007

Abstract Meprins are members of the astacin family of metalloproteases expressed in epithelial tissues, intestinal leukocytes and certain cancer cells. In mammals, there are two homologous subunits, which form complex glycosylated disulfide-bonded homo- and heterooligomers. Both human meprin α and meprin β cleave several basement membrane components, suggesting a role in epithelial differentiation and cell migration. There is also evidence that meprin β is involved in immune defence owing to its capability of activating interleukin-1β and the diminished mobility of intestinal leukocytes in meprin β-knockout mice. Here we show for the first time by reverse transcription PCR, immunoblotting a…

Cloning of a DNA fragment encoding part of a 70-kDa heat shock protein ofCandida albicans

1995

Immunoscreening of a mycelial expression library with polyclonal antibodies raised against mycelial cell wall resulted in the detection of a cDNA encoding a heat shock protein of Candida albicans. Sequence analysis of a 0.8-kb cDNA subclone, 2M-1, revealed an open reading frame encoding 244 amino acids. Southern blot analysis with this fragment as a probe demonstrated hybridization to C. albicans DNA. Northern analysis showed a substantial increase in 2M RNA expression levels after cells were subjected to heat shock. Western blot analysis with 2M monospecific antibodies recognized a 70-kDa protein which was present in membrane particles and cytosolic fractions.

Cloning and characterization of PRB1, a Candida albicans gene encoding a putative novel endoprotease B and factors affecting its expression

2002

Abstract Several cDNA fragments corresponding to transcripts differentially expressed under conditions that favor mycelial growth of Candida albicans were identified by the “differential display” technique. One of these was cloned and used as a probe to rescue the full gene from a genomic library of the fungus. The sequence identified a single, uninterrupted open reading frame of 1395 nucleotides encoding a putative protein of 465 residues and a theoretical molecular weight of 50.3 kDa, present in the genome as a single copy located at chromosome 2 in different strains. The gene product showed high homology with subtilisin-like proteases, mainly PRB1, the vacuolar B protease from Saccharomy…

Molecular characterization of the zerknüllt region of the Antennapedia complex of D. subobscura.

1995

We have characterized at the molecular level the zerknullt (zen) region of the Drosophila subobscura Antennapedia complex. The sequence comparison between D. subobscura and D. melanogaster shows an irregular distribution of the conserved and diverged regions, with the homeobox and a putative activating domain completely conserved. Comparisons of the promoter sequence and pattern of expression of the gene during development suggest that the regulation of zen has been conserved during evolution. The conservation of zen expression in a subpopulation of the polar cells indicates the existence of an important role in such cells. We describe a transitory segmented pattern of expression of zen in …

Plasmid-encoded anthranilate synthase (TrpEG) in Buchnera aphidicola from aphids of the family pemphigidae

1999

Aphids are dependent on an intracellular symbiont (Buchnera aphidicola, Proteobacteria) for normal growth and reproduction (7, 19, 45). The bacteria reside in specialized cells in the aphid hemocele and are transmitted maternally through infection of eggs or embryos (11, 26). Phylogenetic studies have revealed two major characteristics of the evolutionary history of the association (37, 39); (i) the symbiosis had a single origin, dated about 150 million to 250 million years ago; and (ii) host and symbiont lineages have since diverged strictly in parallel. The association, like other symbioses in insects feeding on restricted and unbalanced diets, is thought to have a nutritional basis (5–7,…

Chimeric Genomes of Natural Hybrids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii

2009

11 pages, 6 figures.-- PMID: 19251887 [PubMed].-- Printed version published Apr 2009.

Comparative genomic sequencing reveals a strikingly similar architecture of a conserved syntenic region on human chromosome 11p15.3 (including gene S…

2001

Comparative genomics is a superior way to identify phylogenetically conserved features like genes or regions involved in gene regulation. The comparison of extended orthologous chromosomal regions should also reveal other characteristic traits essential for chromosome or gene function. In the present study we have sequenced and compared a region of conserved synteny from human chromosome 11p15.3 and mouse chromosome 7. In human, this region is known to contain several genes involved in the development of various disorders like Beckwith-Wiedemann overgrowth syndrome and other tumor diseases. Furthermore, in the neighboring chromosome region 11p15.5 extensive imprinting of genes has been repo…

Comparative Cytogenetic Analysis of Three Stylommatophoran Slugs (Mollusca, Pulmonata)

2009

system is still controversial because phylogeny and systematic relationships at the family level are poorly understood. Besides morphological studies, ribosomal RNA genes and the H3/H4 histone gene cluster (Ambruster et al., 2005; Wade et al., 2006) have also been used to resolve the relationships within this order. Recently, by comparison of primary sequence of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, Grande et al. (2004) resolved the Stylommatophora as the early split monophyletic sister group of all the other gastropod taxa. Available data on the cytogenetics of Stylommatophora are extremely poor (reviewed by Patterson, 1969, and Thiriot-Quievreux, 2003) and mostly concern the haploid (n) and/ o…