Search results for "ciência"

showing 10 items of 241 documents

The Determinants of the Volatility of Fiscal Policy Discretion

2014

We investigate the determinants of the volatility of fiscal policy discretion. Using a linear dynamic panel dataset model for 104 countries from 1980 to 2006 and a system-GMM estimator,we find that more government instability, less democracy and presidentialist systems increase the volatility of the discretionary component of fiscal policy. Additionally, we show that countries with a larger size, a smaller degree of financial openness, and a stable exchange rate system are more insured against the uncertainty about the conduct of fiscal policy. Our results are robust to various regional dummy variables, diferent sub-sets of countries and the presence of high inflation and crisis episodes.

MacroeconomicsEconomics and Econometricsmedia_common.quotation_subjectfiscal policy discretionvolatilitySocial SciencesmacroeconomyExchange rateInstitutional frameworAccountingFiscal policy discretion0502 economics and businessEconomics050207 economicsMacroeconomyE31050205 econometrics media_common05 social sciencesCiências Sociais::Economia e GestãoSettore SECS-P/02 Politica Economicapolitical instabilityinstitutional frameworkDiscretionPolitical instabilityFiscal unionDemocracyHigh inflationFiscal policyVolatility8. Economic growth:Economia e Gestão [Ciências Sociais]Volatility (finance)E63FinancePanel data
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Physiological parameters for Prognosis in Abdominal Sepsis (PIPAS) Study: a WSES observational study

2019

Timing and adequacy of peritoneal source control are the most important pillars in the management of patients with acute peritonitis. Therefore, early prognostic evaluation of acute peritonitis is paramount to assess the severity and establish a prompt and appropriate treatment. The objectives of this study were to identify clinical and laboratory predictors for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute peritonitis and to develop a warning score system, based on easily recognizable and assessable variables, globally accepted. Background Timing and adequacy of peritoneal source control are the most important pillars in the management of patients with acute peritonitis. Therefore, early pr…

Male:Medicina Básica [Ciências Médicas]030230 surgeryLogistic regression0302 clinical medicineInjury Severity ScoreInterquartile rangeRisk FactorsAntibioticsAbdomenDiagnosisAcute peritonitis; Early warning score; Emergency surgery; Source control; Abdomen; Adult; Aged; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Hospital Mortality; Humans; Injury Severity Score; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Sepsis; PrognosisHospital MortalityMortality rateAcute peritonitilcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aidaarly warning scoreAcute peritonitisMiddle AgedEarly warning scorePrognosisacute peritonitis; aarly warning score; emergency surgery; source control; abdomen; adult; aged; chi-square distribution; female; hospital mortality; humans; injury severity score; logistic models; male; middle aged; risk factors; sepsis; prognosis3. Good healthManagementCiências Médicas::Medicina BásicaEmergency MedicineEmergency surgeryInjury Severity ScoreFemaleResearch ArticleHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyLogistic ModelSepsilcsh:SurgeryNO03 medical and health sciencesSource controlInternal medicineSepsismedicineHumansAgedAcute appendicitisScience & TechnologyChi-Square Distributionbusiness.industryAcute peritonitis; Early warning score; Emergency surgery; Source controlRisk FactorAcute appendicitis; Antibiotics; Diagnosis; Management; SurgeryEarly warning scorelcsh:RD1-811lcsh:RC86-88.93126 Surgery anesthesiology intensive care radiologymedicine.diseaseAcute peritonitis ; Early warning score ; Emergency surgery ; Source controlLogistic ModelsObservational studySurgerybusinessChi-squared distributionKidney disease
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Prospective Observational Study on acute Appendicitis Worldwide (POSAW)

2018

Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common surgical disease, and appendectomy is the treatment of choice in the majority of cases. A correct diagnosis is key for decreasing the negative appendectomy rate. The management can become difficult in case of complicated appendicitis. The aim of this study is to describe the worldwide clinical and diagnostic work-up and management of AA in surgical departments.

Male:Medicina Básica [Ciências Médicas]Computed tomography030230 surgery0302 clinical medicineAntibioticsDiagnosisAppendicitiProspective StudiesLaparoscopyProspective cohort studyTomographymedicine.diagnostic_testAcute appendicitis; Antibiotics; Diagnosis; Management; Surgery; Surgery; Emergency MedicineAcute appendicitis; Antibiotics; Diagnosis; Management; Surgery; Acute Disease; Adult; Appendectomy; Appendicitis; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Laparoscopy; Length of Stay; Logistic Models; Male; Prospective Studies; Tomography X-Ray Computed; Treatment OutcomeMortality ratelcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aidApendicite3. Good healthX-Ray ComputedManagementHospitalizationTreatment Outcome030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCiências Médicas::Medicina BásicaAcute appendicitisAcute DiseaseEmergency MedicineFemaleAcute appendicitis; Antibiotics; Diagnosis; Management; Surgery; Acute Disease; Adult; Appendectomy; Appendicitis; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Laparoscopy; Length of Stay; Logistic Models; Male; Prospective Studies; Tomography X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; Surgery; Emergency MedicineDiagnosiHumanResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyLogistic Modellcsh:SurgeryNO03 medical and health sciencesmedicineAppendectomyHumansAcute appendicitisChi-Square Distributionbusiness.industryGeneral surgeryAntibioticAcute appendicitis; Antibiotics; Diagnosis; Management; Surgerylcsh:RD1-811lcsh:RC86-88.9Length of Staymedicine.diseaseAppendicitisAppendicitisProspective StudieLogistic ModelsObservational studyLaparoscopySurgeryAcute appendicitibusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedChi-squared distributionWorld Journal of Emergency Surgery
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Body schema plasticity after stroke: subjective and neurophysiological correlates of the rubber hand illusion

2017

[EN] Stroke can lead to motor impairments that can affect the body structure and restraint mobility. We hypothesize that brain lesions and their motor sequelae can distort the body schema, a sensorimotor map of body parts and elements in the peripersonal space through which human beings embody the reachable space and ready the body for forthcoming movements. Two main constructs have been identified in the embodiment mechanism: body-ownership, the sense that the body that one inhabits is his/her own, and agency, the sense that one can move and control his/her body. To test this, the present study simultaneously investigated different embodiment subcomponents (body-ownership, localization, an…

MaleBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesOutcome Assessment Health CareStrokemedia_common05 social sciencesGalvanic Skin ResponseINGENIERIA TELEMATICAMiddle AgedIllusionsStrokemedicine.anatomical_structureFemalePsychologyBody-ownershipBody schemaCognitive Neurosciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectIllusionNeurophysiologyExperimental and Cognitive Psychology.Affect (psychology)Rubber hand illusion050105 experimental psychologyStatistics NonparametricPremotor cortex03 medical and health sciencesEmbodimentFaculdade de Ciências Exatas e da EngenhariaTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESmedicineBody ImageHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAgedProprioceptionElectromyographyNeurophysiologymedicine.diseaseEvoked Potentials MotorHandProprioceptionBody schemaReflexRubberSkin TemperatureNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representat…

2021

Background: hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods: we used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prev…

MaleLatin AmericansNutrition and DiseaseEpidemiology[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]MedizinBLOOD-PRESSURE030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyWorldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.Hypertension ; Prevalence ; Control ; TretamentGUIDELINESGlobal HealthWorldwide trends0302 clinical medicineHypertension prevalenceVoeding en ZiekteMedicine and Health Scienceskohonnut verenpainePrevalenceMedicine030212 general & internal medicinePrevention and Control11 Medical and Health SciencesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSHypertension prevalenceeducation.field_of_studyfood and beveragesPublic Health Global Health Social Medicine and EpidemiologyGeneral MedicineNoncommunicable diseases; Hypertension; Period prevalenceMiddle Agedkansainvälinen vertailu3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational health3. Good healthMIDDLE-INCOMEPooled analysisBLOOD-PRESSURE; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; INCOME COUNTRIES; MIDDLE-INCOME;ADULTS;PREVENTION;GUIDELINES;MANAGEMENT;ADHERENCE;DIAGNOSISWestern europeHypertension[SDE]Environmental SciencesHypertension/diagnosisNCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)FemaleB990 Subjects Allied to Medicine not elsewhere classifiedLife Sciences & BiomedicineAdulthealth-careesiintyvyysCentral asiaPopulationNursing.3121 Internal medicineDIAGNOSIS03 medical and health sciencesMedicine General & InternalADHERENCEDrug TherapyGeneral & Internal MedicineControlMANAGEMENTSYSTEMATIC ANALYSISLife ScienceHumansddc:610INCOME COUNTRIESeducationAntihypertensive AgentsVLAGAgedScience & TechnologyAntihypertensive Agents/therapeutic usebusiness.industryOmvårdnadfungiGeneral and internal medicineADULTSEstados de Saúde e de DoençaPREVENTIONTaking medicationTreatmentFolkhälsovetenskap global hälsa socialmedicin och epidemiologiBlood pressureFaculdade de Ciências Sociais3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicinelääkehoito1182 Biochemistry cell and molecular biologybusinessDemography
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Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

2020

Publisher's version (útgefin grein)

MaleMyocardial Ischemia/bloodBLOOD-PRESSUREtriglicéridos0302 clinical medicineCardiovascular diseases ; Risk factorsHDL cholesterol80 and overCARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORSPublic health surveillance//purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.04 [https]BlóðrásarsjúkdómarSocioeconomicsmediana edadComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPOPULATIONHypercholesterolemia/bloodAged 80 and overCholesterol HDL/bloodancianoeducation.field_of_studyKólesterólriskitekijätadulto3. Good healthadulto jovenTriglycerides/bloodCardiovascular diseasesGeographyCholesterolManchester Institute for Collaborative Research on AgeingCholesterol LDL/bloodDENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROLEndokrinologi och diabetesNCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)Science & Technology - Other Topics//purl.org/becyt/ford/3 [https]Westernteorema de Bayesmedicine.medical_specialtyResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/MICRAHDLMedicinaHypercholesterolemiahipercolesterolemiaNursingHEART-DISEASEEndocrinology and DiabetesHigh blood cholesterol.HDL-kolesteroliArticleLDLravintoHealth risk assessment03 medical and health sciences//purl.org/becyt/ford/3.3 [https]SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingBlood cholesterolHumanseducationSERUM-CHOLESTEROLVLAGAgedScience & TechnologyCholesterolPublic healthOmvårdnadHuman healthVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710Bayes TheoremATHEROSCLEROSIS SOCIETYRisk factorschemistryLipid-lowering medicationsFaculdade de Ciências SociaisEast and southeast Asiaalueelliset erotInternationalityNutrition and Disease[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]kolesterolihumanosMyocardial IschemiaMedizinadolescenteNon-HDL cholesterolBlood lipids030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyisquemia miocárdicachemistry.chemical_compoundCholesterol epidemiologyMEDICATION USEVoeding en ZiekteMedicine and Health SciencesAdolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Bayes Theorem; Cholesterol HDL; Cholesterol LDL; Female; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Ischemia; Stroke; Triglycerides; Young Adult; Internationality030212 general & internal medicine2. Zero hungerMultidisciplinaryMortality rateRepositioningStroke/blood1. No povertyPublic Health Global Health Social Medicine and EpidemiologycolesterolMiddle AgedVDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Basic medical dental and veterinary science disciplines: 7103142 Public health care science environmental and occupational healthPeer reviewStrokeMultidisciplinary SciencesTrend analysis/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingFemalelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)LIPIDSAdultAdolescentGeneral Science & TechnologyPopulationepicentre20-YEAR TRENDSYoung AdultmedicineLife Scienceddc:610accidente cerebrovascularDisease burdenTriglyceridesNutritionHigh density lipoproteinsnon-optimal cholesterolCholesterol HDLinternacionalidadCholesterol LDLTreatmentFolkhälsovetenskap global hälsa socialmedicin och epidemiologi
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Treatments used for obsessive-compulsive disorder-An international perspective.

2018

Objective The objective of this study was to characterise international trends in the use of psychotropic medication, psychological therapies, and novel therapies used to treat obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods Researchers in the field of OCD were invited to contribute summary statistics on the characteristics of their samples. Consistency of summary statistics across countries was evaluated. Results The study surveyed 19 expert centres from 15 countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, China, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States) providing a total sample of 7,340 participants. Fluoxetine (n = 972; 13…

MaleObsessive-Compulsive DisorderInternationalitymedicine.medical_treatmentDeep Brain StimulationSocial SciencesFluvoxamineBENZODIAZEPINASpharmacotherapyBenzodiazepines0302 clinical medicinePharmacology (medical)TERAPIA PSICOANALITICAPSICOFARMACOLOGIAantipsychotics; benzodiazepines; cross-cultural study; obsessive-compulsive disorder; pharmacotherapy; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsMiddle Aged3. Good healthExposure and response preventionantipsychotics; benzodiazepines; cross-cultural study; obsessive–compulsive disorder; pharmacotherapy; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsNeurologyPsychiatry and Mental HealthSerotonin Uptake Inhibitorscross-cultural studyAripiprazoleFemalebenzodiazepineSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitorsmedicine.drugPsychosurgeryAntipsychotic AgentsAdultmedicine.medical_specialty:Ciências da Saúde [Ciências Médicas]Ciências Médicas::Ciências da SaúdeSerotonin reuptake inhibitor03 medical and health sciencesANTIPSICOTICOSobsessive–compulsive disorderselective serotonin reuptake inhibitorsmedicinePSICOTROPICOSHumansAntipsychoticPsychiatryFARMACOTERAPIAFluoxetineRisperidoneantipsychotics; benzodiazepines; cross-cultural study; obsessive–compulsive disorder; pharmacotherapy; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; Neurology; Neurology (clinical); Psychiatry and Mental Health; Pharmacology (medical)Science & Technologyselective serotonin reuptake inhibitorbusiness.industryTRASTORNO OBSESIVO COMPULSIVO030227 psychiatryantipsychoticPsychosurgeryantipsychoticsNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgerySEROTONINAHuman psychopharmacology
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Is VIRTU4L larger than VIR7UAL? Automatic processing of number quantity and lexical representations in leet words.

2015

Recent research has shown that leet words (i.e., words in which some of the letters are replaced by visually similar digits; e.g., VIRTU4L) can be processed as their base words without much cost. However, it remains unclear whether the digits inserted in leet words are simply processed as letters or whether they are simultaneously processed as numbers (i.e., in terms of access to their quantity representation). To address this question, we conducted two experiments that examined the size congruity effect (i.e., when comparisons of the physical size of numbers are affected by their numerical magnitudes) in a physical-size judgment task. Participants were presented with pairs of leet words th…

MalePSYCHOLOGY EXPERIMENTALleet wordsSocial SciencesLeetcomputer.software_genreLanguage and LinguisticsPsycholinguisticsAutomatic processing0302 clinical medicineReading (process)Font:Psicologia [Ciências Sociais]PsychologyBRAINSAME-DIFFERENT TASKmedia_commonCOMPARATIVE JUDGMENTSPsycholinguistics05 social sciencesnumerical Stroop taskMiddle Aged16. Peace & justiceMAGNITUDE REPRESENTATIONSQuantity representationsLinguisticsTIMEPattern Recognition VisualCiências Sociais::PsicologiaNUMERICAL STROOPFemalePsychologyWord (group theory)Natural language processingAdultLinguistics and LanguageREADING WORDSmedia_common.quotation_subjectNUMERALSExperimental and Cognitive Psychologyautomatic processing050105 experimental psychologyIeet wordsLexical representations03 medical and health sciencesJudgmentYoung AdultReaction TimeHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesquantity representationsAnalysis of Variancelexical representationsbusiness.industryRECOGNITIONATTENTIONNumerical Stroop taskMathematical ConceptsWord lists by frequencyReadingWord recognitionStroop TestArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryStroop effectJournal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
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Contextual diversity is a main determinant of word identification times in young readers.

2013

Recent research with college-aged skilled readers by Adelman and colleagues revealed that contextual diversity (i.e., the number of contexts in which a word appears) is a more critical determinant of visual word recognition than mere repeated exposure (i.e., word frequency) (Psychological Science, 2006, Vol. 17, pp. 814-823). Given that contextual diversity has been claimed to be a relevant factor to word acquisition in developing readers, the effects of contextual diversity should also be a main determinant of word identification times in developing readers. A lexical decision experiment was conducted to examine the effects of contextual diversity and word frequency in young readers (child…

MalePsychological scienceLexical decisionmedia_common.quotation_subjectDecision MakingSocial SciencesExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyLanguage DevelopmentVocabulary050105 experimental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineReading (process)Developmental and Educational PsychologyLexical decision taskReaction TimeComputational models:Psicologia [Ciências Sociais]HumansLearning0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesWord frequency10. No inequalityChildmedia_common4. Education05 social sciencesContextual diversityWord identificationRecognition PsychologyDeveloping readersLinguisticsSemanticsWord lists by frequencyReadingWord identificationWord recognitionCiências Sociais::PsicologiaFemalePsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryWord (computer architecture)Journal of experimental child psychology
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High-Grade T1 on Re-Transurethral Resection after Initial High-Grade T1 Confers Worse Oncological Outcomes: Results of a Multi-Institutional Study

2018

The aim of this multicenter study was to investigate the prognostic impact of residual T1 high-grade (HG)/G3 tumors at re-transurethral resection (TUR of bladder tumor) in a large multi-institutional cohort of patients with primary T1 HG/G3 bladder cancer (BC).

MaleTime Factorsmedicine.medical_treatment:Medicina Básica [Ciências Médicas]Treatment outcomeBladder cancer; High risk; High-grade; Second look resection; Transurethral resection of bladder tumor; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Carcinoma Transitional Cell; Cystectomy; Disease Progression; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence Local; Prognosis; Progression-Free Survival; Recurrence; Regression Analysis; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urologic Surgical Procedures030232 urology & nephrologySettore MED/24 - Urologia0302 clinical medicineRecurrenceHigh-grade80 and overAged 80 and overTransurethral resection of bladder tumorCARCINOMA TRANSITIONAL CELLHigh riskBladder cancerFollow up studiesMiddle AgedPrognosisProgression-Free Survival3. Good healthScholarshipTreatment OutcomeLocal030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCiências Médicas::Medicina BásicaUrinary Bladder NeoplasmDisease ProgressionRegression AnalysisUrologic Surgical ProceduresFemaleSecond look resectionHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorPrognosiUrologyBladder cancer; High risk; High-grade; Second look resection; Transurethral resection of bladder tumorCystectomyRegression AnalysiDisease-Free SurvivalResectionFollow-Up StudieCystectomy03 medical and health sciencesbladder cancer; high risk; high-grade; second look resection; transurethral resection of bladder tumor; aged; aged 80 and over; carcinoma transitional cell; cystectomy; disease progression; disease-free survival; female; follow-up studies; humans; malemedicineHumansProgression-free survivalAgedCarcinoma Transitional CellScience & Technologybusiness.industryGeneral surgeryDisease progressionCarcinomaNeoplasm RecurrenceUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsUrologic Surgical ProcedureTransitional CellTransurethral resection of bladder tumor.Neoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessFollow-Up Studies
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