Search results for "classification"
showing 10 items of 29475 documents
The genome sequence of the grape phylloxera provides insights into the evolution, adaptation, and invasion routes of an iconic pest
2020
Background: Although native to North America, the invasion of the aphid-like grape phylloxera Daktulosphaira vitifoliae across the globe altered the course of grape cultivation. For the past 150 years, viticulture relied on grafting-resistant North American Vitis species as rootstocks, thereby limiting genetic stocks tolerant to other stressors such as pathogens and climate change. Limited understanding of the insect genetics resulted in successive outbreaks across the globe when rootstocks failed. Here we report the 294-Mb genome of D. vitifoliae as a basic tool to understand host plant manipulation, nutritional endosymbiosis, and enhance global viticulture. Results: Using a combination of…
Trends in summer presence of fin whales in the Western Mediterranean Sea Region: new insights from a long-term monitoring program
2020
Background The Mediterranean subpopulation of fin whale Balaenoptera physalus (Linnaeus, 1758) has recently been listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN Red List of threatened species. The species is also listed as species in need of strict protection under the Habitat Directive and is one of the indicators for the assessment of Good Environmental Status under the MSFD. Reference values on population abundance and trends are needed in order to set the threshold values and to assess the conservation status of the population. Methods Yearly summer monitoring using ferries as platform of opportunity was performed since 2008 within the framework of the FLT Med Network. Data were collected along sever…
Developing an orientation and cutting point determination algorithm for a trout fish processing system using machine vision
2019
Abstract Fish processing in small and medium fish supplying centers requires an intelligent system to operate on different sizes. Therefore, an image processing algorithm was developed to extract the proper head and belly cutting points according to the trout dimensions. The algorithm detects the fish orientation and location of pectoral, anal, pelvic, and caudal fins. In this study, each of the trout images was divided into slices along its length in order to segment the fins and extract cutting points. The channel ‘B’ of RGB color space was considered in both initial segmentation and fin detection stages among the examined channels of RGB, HSV, and L*a*b* color spaces. The back-belly and …
Combination of Freezing, Low Sodium Brine and Cold Smoking on the Quality and Shelf-Life of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) Fillets as a Strategy …
2021
Aquaculture is playing a leading role in both meeting the growing demand for seafood and increasing the sustainability of the fish production sector. Thus, innovative technologies that improve its sustainability, competitiveness, and safety are necessary for growth in the sector. This study aimed to develop cold smoked sea bass fillets from aquaculture. The aptitude of frozen and fresh fillets for cold smoking was investigated by processing both fresh and thawed fillets kept previously at &minus
Application of a new protocol to evaluate the benthic impacts of aquaculture: Colonization of experimental units for monitoring by polychaeta
2019
A range of different protocols and indices have been developed in recent years for the definition of Environmental Quality Standards in aquaculture. However, it can be difficult to compare these protocols or indices between different regions or different habitats due to spatial heterogeneity at different scales. We carried out a field study to estimate the effectiveness of experimental units (sediment-filled trays) as an environmental management tool. The experimental units were filled with two different sediments - sand and mud - and placed underneath two fish farm facilities for one month. Using polychaetes to assess the ecological status, AMBI and multidimensional analysis showed clear r…
Influence of dams on population persistence in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
2016
Barriers to migration can negatively affect population persistence. To explore how dams can influence the viability of a diadromous fish, we developed an empirically based stochastic model to estimate per-capita population growth rate (r) and probability of population decline (Pr(r < 0)). Our simulations incorporated life-history parameters common for many populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L., 1758), particularly in the southern part of the species range. Additionally, we explored the influence of individuals that reproduce more than once, i.e., “kelts”, on r and Pr(r < 0). For the life-history scenarios examined here, dams are forecast to negatively affect persistence, eve…
Condition-dependent skipped spawning in anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta)
2018
Repeat spawners of anadromous salmonids may contribute significantly to population resilience by providing multiple cohorts to both seawater and freshwater life stages. In this study, winter survival of sea trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) post spawners (kelts) was 89%. Sea survival increased linearly with female length with a return probability between 30% and 50%, whereas males attained a maximum return probability of 60% at 520 mm. Of the returning sea trout, 40% skipped spawning and they had significantly lower condition factor as kelts compared with those who returned after one summer. These results suggest that sex-specific differences in individual post-spawning growth–survival t…
A finding at the Natural History Museum of Florence affords the holotype designation of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: T…
2017
The beach flea Orchestia stephenseni has been originally described by Cecchini twice (1928, 1929) from the La Spezia type locality (northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy), and successively re-described by Karaman (1973) and Iaciofano & Lo Brutto (2016).
Notulae to the Italian flora of algae, bryophytes, fungi and lichens: 8
2019
In this contribution, new data concerning algae, bryophytes, fungi, and lichens of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the algae genusChara, the bryophyte generaHomalia,Mannia, andTortella, the fungal generaCortinarius,Russula, andStereum, and the lichen generaCetrelia,Cladonia,Enterographa,Graphis,Lecanora,Lepraria,Multiclavula,Mycomicrothelia,Parmelia,Peltigera,Pleopsidium,Psora,Scytinium,Umbilicaria, andRhizocarpon.
Notulae to the Italian flora of algae, bryophytes, fungi and lichens: 9
2020
In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi, and lichens of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the bryophyte genera Encalypta, Grimmia, and Riccia, for the fungal genera Hericium, Inocybe, Inocutis, Pluteus, and Russula, and for the lichen genera Bryoria, Farnoldia, Hypocenomyce, Lecania, Paracollema, Peltigera, Sarcogyne, and Teloschistes.