Search results for "climate"
showing 10 items of 4934 documents
A review of methods to assess connectivity and dispersal between fish populations in the Mediterranean Sea
2013
Fish populations are linked to each other via dispersal of individuals as eggs, larvae, juveniles or adults. The understanding of this process, known as connectivity, has a pivotal role for the management of overexploited fish stocks and the development of accurate conservation strategies. Knowledge on connectivity and fish movements is considered fundamental toward the correct design of marine protected area (MPA) networks for the achievement of the benefits of protection. Connectivity patterns are still largely unknown worldwide. A general lack of knowledge is particularly evident for the Mediterranean Sea where few studies dealing with this topic have been carried out and some methods, c…
‘Each flight is different’ : Carbon emissions of selected flights in three geographical markets
2017
Air travel is considered the biggest individual climate sin. Avoiding flying, however, seems impossible. In this paper we argue that the flight a passenger chooses can be significant. For this purpose we compared the carbon emissions of selected flights in three geographical markets. We found tremendous differences in the environmental performance of individual flights. Furthermore, we also found that flying with the most modern aircraft or flying non-stop represents, in many cases, the least polluting option. Nevertheless, we were able to show that there are exceptions to this rule. Based on our results, we provide recommendations to the industry and for further research. peerReviewed
Towards the urbanisation of the Med sea: MSP challenges and opportunities for floating cities between utopia and reality
2023
Anthropogenic climate change effects push us to reimagine human life on the planet confronting extreme living conditions. Droughts, risk of submersion and flooding, saline intrusion, and land scarcity lead to more inhospitable life conditions on land. These demanding risks have led governments to envisage the displacement from the coasts of some cities at significant risk or to think of new settlements for human life, such as floating cities. Floating offshore settlements, reminiscent of the XXth-century architectural utopias, are gaining more and more popularity in contemporary debate and are, in fact, emerging realities in other parts of the globe due to advanced technology. Floating sett…
Os, Sr, Nd, Pb, O isotope and trace element data from the Ferrar flood basalts, antarctica: evidence for an enriched subcontinental lithospheric sour…
1996
Os, Sr, Nd, Pb and O isotopes and trace element data are reported for basaltic andesite and andesite whole rocks and, in part, for selected mineral separates from the Jurassic Ferrar flood basalt province. Radiogenic Sr (> 0.709), unradiogenic Nd (εNd= −3 to −5), and radiogenic Pb isotopes, as well as low Nb/La ratios of 0.4 – 0.6 and Nb/La ratios between 0.45 and 0.6 are found for all rocks including our most primitive sample (Mg# = 71.9). This indicates involvement of either continental crust or enriched lithospheric mantle in magma genesis. 187Re/188Os correlates strongly with 187Os/188Os, with an age of 172 ± 5 Ma, in agreement with published Arsingle bondAr data. Initial 187Os/188Os of…
Food processing companies, retailers and climate-resilient supply chain management
2015
This article has no abstract. nonPeerReviewed
Sorption kinetic of aroma compounds by edible bio-based films from marine-by product macromolecules: Effect of relative humidity conditions
2019
International audience; Edible films based on gelatin and chitosan have high gas and aroma barrier properties. This study focused on their capability to sorbed/retain aroma compounds (1-hexanal, 2-hexen-1-ol, 1-hexanol, 3-hexanone and phenol) at three relative humidity level (≤2%, 53% or 84% RH). Whatever the relative humidity condition, the order of sorption is keton (3-hexanone) < aldehyde (1-hexanal) < aliphatic alcohols (2-hexen-1-ol and 1-hexanol) < phenol. This order could be related to the intrinsic chemical properties of aroma compounds. The increase in moisture enhanced the sorption at the highest RH for all the aroma compounds. However, a competition between water and aliphatic al…
Protection of Trees against Lightning Strikes as a Measure to Prevent Fires and Loss of Human Life
2021
Lighting strikes have been the catalyst of massive uncontrolled fires in areas of combustible vegetation. In some regions, lightning strikes may be a relatively unusual occurrence (e.g., California), but instead they seem to have become a major contributor to the propagation of wildfires, as a byproduct of climate change. Given such unusual weather, wildfires originating from lightning are an increasing threat. In this paper, the authors discuss the withstand capability of trees against lightning and introduce a proactive approach to prevent wildfires by the deployment of tree lighting protection systems (TLPS) to protect forested areas, where deemed necessary by the tree risk assessment.
Real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in an AnMBR: Urban wastewater mono-digestion vs. co-digestion with domestic food waste
2018
[EN] This study describes a model-based method for real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating urban wastewater (UWW) and UWW mixed with domestic food waste (FW). The method consists of an initial screening to find out adequate filtration conditions and a real-time optimizer applied to a periodically calibrated filtration model for minimizing the operating costs. The initial screening consists of two statistical analyses: (1) Morris screening method to identify the key filtration parameters; (2) Monte Carlo method to establish suitable initial control inputs values. The operating filtration cost after implementing the…
Persistence in complex systems
2022
Persistence is an important characteristic of many complex systems in nature, related to how long the system remains at a certain state before changing to a different one. The study of complex systems' persistence involves different definitions and uses different techniques, depending on whether short-term or long-term persistence is considered. In this paper we discuss the most important definitions, concepts, methods, literature and latest results on persistence in complex systems. Firstly, the most used definitions of persistence in short-term and long-term cases are presented. The most relevant methods to characterize persistence are then discussed in both cases. A complete literature r…
Évolution du stress gélif et idéotypes de pois d'hiver dans le contexte de changement climatique, à une échelle régionale.
2017
11 pages; International audience; Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important crop in temperate regions for its high seed protein concentration that is particularly sensitive to abiotic stresses. The abrupt temperature increase known as the “1987/1988 temperature regime shift” that occurs over Europe is questioning how winter pea will perform in the changing climate. This study assessed the winter frost damage evolution along from 1961 to 2015 in Burgundy-Franche-Comté by using: (1) daily observed and gridded regional temperature data and (2) a validated crop winter frost stress model calibrated for pea. This study shows a global decrease of the frost stress nevertheless resulting from a subtle …