Search results for "coagulation"
showing 10 items of 381 documents
The Gut Microbiota as an Influencing Factor of Arterial Thrombosis
2018
The mutualistic gut microbiota does not only impact the development and function of various immune cell types, but it also influences the function of the hepatic vascular endothelium and prothrombotic platelet function. With germ-free mouse models, we have demonstrated that gut-derived microbial-associated molecular patterns could stimulate hepatic von Willebrand factor (VWF) synthesis and plasmatic VWF levels through Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2), thus defining the extent of platelet deposition to the subendothelial matrix of the ligation-injured common carotid artery. In addition to the microbiota-derived choline metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and the microbiota's regulatory role on the …
Haemostasis in chronic kidney disease
2013
The coagulation system has gained much interest again as new anticoagulatory substances have been introduced into clinical practice. Especially patients with renal failure are likely candidates for such a therapy as they often experience significant comorbidity including cardiovascular diseases that require anticoagulation. Patients with renal failure on new anticoagulants have experienced excessive bleeding which can be related to a changed pharmacokinetic profile of the compounds. However, the coagulation system itself, even without any interference with coagulation modifying drugs, is already profoundly changed during renal failure. Coagulation disorders with either episodes of severe bl…
Platelet-localized FXI promotes a vascular coagulation-inflammatory circuit in arterial hypertension
2017
Multicellular interactions of platelets, leukocytes, and the blood vessel wall support coagulation and precipitate arterial and venous thrombosis. High levels of angiotensin II cause arterial hypertension by a complex vascular inflammatory pathway that requires leukocyte recruitment and reactive oxygen species production and is followed by vascular dysfunction. We delineate a previously undescribed, proinflammatory coagulation-vascular circuit that is a major regulator of vascular tone, blood pressure, and endothelial function. In mice with angiotensin II-induced hypertension, tissue factor was up-regulated, as was thrombin-dependent endothelial cell vascular cellular adhesion molecule 1 ex…
Platelets Contribution to Thrombin Generation in Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: The "Circulating Wound" Model.
2021
Current cytoreductive and antithrombotic strategies in MPNs are mostly based on cell counts and on patient’s demographic and clinical history. Despite the numerous studies conducted on platelet function and on the role of plasma factors, an accurate and reliable method to dynamically quantify the hypercoagulability states of these conditions is not yet part of clinical practice. Starting from our experience, and after having sifted through the literature, we propose an in-depth narrative report on the contribution of the clonal platelets of MPNs—rich in tissue factor (TF)—in promoting a perpetual procoagulant mechanism. The whole process results in an unbalanced generation of thrombin and i…
Coronary artery disease: Risk stratification and patient selection for more aggressive secondary prevention.
2017
In patients with stable coronary artery disease, clinical outcomes are predominantly characterized by the consequences of atherosclerosis on the myocardium, but also by complications of atherosclerosis, notably recurrent acute coronary syndrome or stroke. Secondary prevention therapy is therefore key in this patient population. Intensification of secondary prevention therapy is possible, at the price of a therapeutic risk or a high cost, therefore justifying careful selection of patients with a high residual risk and low therapeutic risk. Two lines of therapy can be intensified, independently of each other, namely anti-thrombotics and lipid-lowering agents. Intensification of anti-thromboti…
Potential of Multidimensional, Large-scale Biodatabases to Elucidate Coagulation and Platelet Pathways as an Approach towards Precision Medicine in T…
2019
Cardiovascular and especially thrombotic diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In past years, significant improvements in understanding disease processes, risk assessment, and prediction of clinical outcome in the field of thrombosis and haemostasis have been made by using large-scale biodatabases. These important research resources enable a comprehensive research approach by integrating clinical, environmental, genomic, and molecular information. Cutting edge, high throughput technologies open new data dimensions for clinical large-scale investigations. Joining multiple information levels from several pathophysiological pathways in contrast to a single marker …
Phenotypic APC resistance as a marker of hypercoagulability in primitive cerebral lymphoma
2005
Thrombosis is the most frequent complication and the second cause of death in patients with malignant disease. Primary central nervous system non-Hodgkin's lymphoma represents a rare pathology. Resistance to APC is usually linked to a factor V (FV) gene mutation changing an Arg 506 to a Gln in the APC cleavage site.In our study, we aimed at investigating the presence of activated protein C resistance (APC-r) and other markers of hypercoagulability in 25 selected patients with a diagnosis of primitive cerebral lymphoma who had suffered from an ischemic episode of TIA and/or stroke.25 selected patients with a diagnosis of primitive cerebral lymphoma and 50 healthy subjects acted as control gr…
Elevated levels of lipoprotein (a) in patients suffering from myocardial infarction with carotid atherosclerotic lesions.
1999
The aim of the present study was to evaluate metabolic, coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters in 45 patients [31 men, 14 women, aged 56.5 +/- 3.5 years (mean +/- SD)] who had suffered myocardial infarction more than 6 months earlier, with or without carotid atherosclerotic lesions. After the extracranial carotid arteries had been evaluated using a B-mode Duplex scanning system, patients were subdivided into two groups: group 1 (n = 20) with carotid plaques or measurable intima-media thickness; and group 2 (n = 25) without carotid plaques or measurable intima-media thickness. Twenty-two age- and sex-matched subjects were recruited as controls (group 3). Groups 1 and 2 displayed significant…
Procoagulant activity during viral infections.
2017
The abundance of evidence suggest that inflammation of immune and non-immune cells may lead to an imbalance of the pro- and anti-coagulant state during viral infections. During systemic infections, the endothelium plays a critical role in regulating hemostasis, and severe imbalances of endothelial function and activation can contribute to organ failure. Viral infections may elevate plasma levels of procoagulant markers such as TAT and D-dimer TF-positive MPs as well as von Willebrand factor (vWF). Although multiple clinical studies are showing the association of viral infection and increased prothrombotic risk, the pathological mechanisms have not been fully identified for most viral infect…
Studies on mechanism and physico-chemical parameters at the origin of the cement setting. I. The fundamental processes involved during the cement set…
1995
Abstract The mechanical evolution and the structure of the cement paste have been analysed in relation with the chemical evolution of the system. The setting process can be described as following two fundamental steps: the coagulation of cement grains during the first minutes following the mixing, and the rigidification of the coagulated structure which arises simultaneously with the acceleration of the hydrates formation During the coagulation step, the structure formed is proved to be mechanically reversible. The rigidification of the coagulated structure is provided by the hydrates formation in the contact zone. The increase of the paste cohesion at this stage is proportional to the quan…