Search results for "cochlea"
showing 10 items of 135 documents
Cadherin 23 is a component of the transient lateral links in the developing hair bundles of cochlear sensory cells
2005
AbstractCadherin 23 is required for normal development of the sensory hair bundle, and recent evidence suggests it is a component of the tip links, filamentous structures thought to gate the hair cells' mechano-electrical transducer channels. Antibodies against unique peptide epitopes were used to study the properties of cadherin 23 and its spatio-temporal expression patterns in developing cochlear hair cells. In the rat, intra- and extracellular domain epitopes are readily detected in the developing hair bundle between E18 and P5, and become progressively restricted to the distal tip of the hair bundle. From P13 onwards, these epitopes are no longer detected in hair bundles, but immunoreac…
Role of cannabinoids in the treatment of tinnitus
2016
Tinnitus is a frequent symptom in audiological clinical practice characterized by an abnormal noise perceived in one or both ears or in the head, in which a patient has a conscious hearing percept in absence of external sound. Tinnitus might be caused by a homeostatic response of central dorsal cochlear nucleus auditory neurons that makes them hyperactive in compensation to auditory input loss. One hypothesis suggests that tinnitus is a sensory form of epilepsy that involves the cochlear nucleus and the inferior colliculus, which display impairment in the electrical activity in the auditory system. This alteration determines a synaptic plasticity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus that becomes …
Absorption And Transferring Of The Coghlear Fluids
1968
The perilymph is absorbed in the loose connective tissue of the modio-lum, the endolymph is absorbed in the planum limbi and the interstitial liquid of the organ of Corti in the inner spiral sulcus. The basin of the vein of the aqueduct of the cochlea in a fetal phase transfers almost only perilymph. When fully developed, many veins of the above-said basin are obliterated and the remaining ones transfer more blood than perilymph. From the interstitial spaces of the limbus the endolymph flows into the capillaries towards the inner auditory veins and the interstitial liquid of the organ of Corti flows towards the same veins by means of short lymphatic vessels.
Understanding Deafhood: in search of its meanings.
2013
The authors argue that Deafhood (a term coined by Dr. Paddy Ladd) is an open-ended concept with an essentialist core. They describe how deaf people who have attended their Deafhood lectures and workshops have perceived different aspects of the Deafhood concept, and compare the basic tenets of Deafhood and criticisms on Deafhood to theories and criticisms on feminist essentialisms. The authors find that the vagueness and wideness of the Deafhood concept is one of its strengths, though they also find that it is in some respects problematic to combine and unite ontology and liberation theory in one concept. They further suggest that the ontological aspects of Deafhood need to be foregrounded. …
Immunohistochemical localization of cyclooxygenase isoforms in the organ of Corti and the spiral ganglion cells of guinea pig cochlea.
2003
Prostaglandins have been used in experimental models and clinical studies for the therapy of sudden hearing loss and tinnitus with conflicting results. However, little is known about the rate-limiting enzymes of prostaglandin synthesis in the inner ear, the generally constitutively expressed cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and the distress-inducible cycloxygenase 2 (COX-2). To extend our knowledge concerning the physiological expression and localization of these two enzymes, immunohistochemical stainings of the guinea pig cochlea were performed. Light microscopical analysis revealed a homogenous distribution of COX-1 within nearly all cell types of the organ of Corti, but no COX-1 expression in th…
Evidence for a possible NOS back-up system in the organ of Corti of the guinea pig
2003
Recently, the two Ca(2+)/calmodulin-regulated nitric oxide synthase isoforms, nNOS and eNOS, and NO itself have been identified in the cochlea of vertebrates using specific antibodies and a new fluorescence indicator. In order to acquire more information about the quantitative and spatial distribution of these two constitutively expressed NOS isoforms (cNOS) in the organ of Corti at the cellular and subcelluar levels, ultrathin sections of London resin (LR) White-embedded cochleae of the guinea pig were incubated with various concentrations of commercially available antibodies to nNOS and eNOS. The immunoreactivity was visualized by a gold-labeled secondary antibody and the amount of the im…
Epidural hematoma after cochlear implantation in a 2.5-year-old boy.
2005
OBJECTIVE Report a case of an epidural hematoma after cochlear implantation in a 2.5-year-old boy, the diagnostic and therapeutical emergency management, as well as the postinterventional course and rehabilitation of the child. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case review. PATIENT Two and a half-year-old boy, suffering from early onset, profound sensorineural hearing loss had been diagnosed at an age of 1.5 years, which had been more severe on the right side initially, but had progressed to bilateral deafness. INTERVENTION AND COMPLICATION: Cochlear implantation on the left side, followed up by an extensive epidural hematoma, causing intracranial compression with a midline shift of 15 mm to the r…
Spatial shaping of cochlear innervation by temporally regulated neurotrophin expression.
2001
Previous work suggested qualitatively different effects of neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) in cochlear innervation patterning in different null mutants. We now show that all NT-3 null mutants have a similar phenotype and lose all neurons in the basal turn of the cochlea. To understand these longitudinal deficits in neurotrophin mutants, we have compared the development of the deficit in the NT-3 mutant to the spatial–temporal expression patterns of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and NT-3, using lacZ reporters in each gene and with expression of the specific neurotrophin receptors, trkB and trkC. In the NT-3 mutant, almost normal numbers of spiral ganglion neurons form, but fiber outgrowth t…
Possible Ca 2+ -dependent mechanism of apical outer hair cell modulation within the cochlea of the guinea pig
1998
Calcium ions were precipitated with potassium antimonate after injection of the inorganic calcium channel blocker MnCl2 or the inorganic potassium channel blockers BaCl2 or CsCl into the perilymph of the scala vestibuli of the guinea pig. The spatial distribution of the formed histochemical reaction products within the organ of Corti was studied by energy-filtering transmission-electron microscopy. Compared with untreated control ears, the number of the formed precipitates drastically increased at the extracellular side of the lamina reticularis after application of the various inorganic channel blockers. The apical side of the outer hair cells and the intervening Deiter cells were covered …
Neuroproteomics in the auditory brainstem: candidate proteins for ultrafast and precise information processing.
2014
In the mammalian auditory brainstem, the cochlear nuclear complex (CN) and the superior olivary complex (SOC) feature structural and functional specializations for ultrafast (<1 ms) and precise information processing. Their proteome, the basis for structure and function, has been rarely analyzed so far. Here we identified and quantified the protein profiles of three major auditory brainstem regions of adult rats, the CN, the SOC, and the inferior colliculus (IC). The rest of the brain served as a reference. Via label-free quantitative mass spectrometry and 2-D DIGE/MALDI-MS, we identified 584 and 297 proteins in the plasma membrane/synaptic vesicle proteome and the cytosolic proteome, respe…