Search results for "coding"
showing 10 items of 920 documents
A new Northeast Asian Lynceus (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Laevicaudata) with uniquely modified thoracopods and an evaluation of DNA barcoding for clam …
2020
A new species of smooth clam shrimp (Branchiopoda: Laevicaudata) from Mongolia and China is described here based on both morphological and genetic differences. The new species, Lynceus grossipedia n. sp., has unique features, including asymmetrically modified male thoracopods (left side thoracopods III-VI), male claspers “movable finger” (=endopod) with delicate setation, and broad, bicarinate male and female rostrum. Lynceus grossipedia n. sp. is compared with the genera Paralimnetis Gurney, 1931 and Lynceiopsis Daday, 1912 and a recently described Lynceus Müller, 1776 from China, also showing modified male thoracopods. Lynceus mandsuricus Daday, 1927 is declared nomen inquirendum. DNA bar…
Molecular Mediators of RNA Loading into Extracellular Vesicles
2021
In the last decade, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) cooperate in the gene regulatory networks with other biomolecules, including coding RNAs, DNAs and proteins. Among them, microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in transcriptional and translation regulation at different levels. Intriguingly, ncRNAs can be packed in vesicles, released in the extracellular space, and finally internalized by receiving cells, thus affecting gene expression also at distance. This review focuses on the mechanisms through which the ncRNAs can be selectively packaged into extracellular vesicles (EVs).
Narrative Medicine to integrate patients’, caregivers’ and clinicians’ migraine experiences: the DRONE multicentre project
2021
Abstract Background Although migraine is widespread and disabling, stigmatisation and poor awareness of the condition still represent barriers to effective care; furthermore, research on migraine individual and social impact must be enhanced to unveil neglected issues, such as caregiving burden. The project investigated the migraine illness experience through Narrative Medicine (NM) to understand daily life, needs and personal resources of migraneurs, their caregivers and clinicians, and to provide insights for clinical practice. Methods The project involved 13 Italian headache centres and targeted migraneurs, their caregivers and migraine specialists at these centres. Written narratives, c…
Unsupervised quantitative methods to analyze student reasoning lines: Theoretical aspects and examples
2019
[This paper is part of the Focused Collection on Quantitative Methods in PER: A Critical Examination.] A relevant aim of research in education is to find and study the reasoning lines that students deploy when dealing with problematic situations. This can be done through an analysis of the answers students give to a questionnaire. In this paper, we discuss some methodological aspects involved in the quantitative analysis of a questionnaire by means of two different clustering methods, a hierarchical one and a nonhierarchical one. We start from the coding procedures needed to obtain analyzable data from the questionnaire and from a definition of a correlation coefficient suitable for measuri…
Extended GT-STAF information indices based on Markov approximation models
2013
Abstract A series of novel information theory-based molecular parameters derived from the insight of a molecular structure as a chemical communication system were recently presented and usefully employed in QSAR/QSPRs (J. Comp. Chem, 2013, 34, 259; SAR and QSAR in Environ. Res. 2013, 24). This approach permitted the application of Shannon’s source and channel coding entropic measures to a chemical information source comprised of molecular ‘fragments’, using the zero-order Markov approximation model (atom-based approach). This report covers the theoretical aspects of the extensions of this approach to higher-order models, introducing the first, second and generalized-order Markov approximati…
Non-Gaussian entanglement swapping
2016
We investigate the continuous-variable entanglement swapping protocol in a non-Gaussian setting, with non- Gaussian states employed either as entangled inputs and/or as swapping resources. The quality of the swapping protocol is assessed in terms of the teleportation fidelity achievable when using the swapped states as shared entangled resources in a teleportation protocol. We thus introduce a two-step cascaded quantum communication scheme that includes a swapping protocol followed by a teleportation protocol. The swapping protocol is fed by a general class of tunable non-Gaussian states, the squeezed Bell states, which, by means of controllable free parameters, allows for a continuous morp…
Ultrafast Long-Distance Quantum Communication with Static Linear Optics
2015
We propose a projection measurement onto encoded Bell states with a static network of linear optical elements. By increasing the size of the quantum error correction code, both Bell measurement efficiency and photon-loss tolerance can be made arbitrarily high at the same time. As a main application, we show that all-optical quantum communication over large distances with communication rates similar to those of classical communication is possible solely based on local state teleportations using optical sources of encoded Bell states, fixed arrays of beam splitters, and photon detectors. As another application, generalizing state teleportation to gate teleportation for quantum computation, we…
Non-coding RNAs at the Eukaryotic rDNA Locus: RNA–DNA Hybrids and Beyond
2019
The human ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus encodes a variety of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Among them, the canonical ribosomal RNAs that are the catalytic components of the ribosomes, as well as regulatory lncRNAs including promoter-associated RNAs (pRNA), stress-induced promoter and pre-rRNA antisense RNAs (PAPAS), and different intergenic spacer derived lncRNA species (IGSRNA). In addition, externally encoded lncRNAs are imported into the nucleolus, which orchestrate the complex regulation of the nucleolar state in normal and stress conditions via a plethora of molecular mechanisms. This review focuses on the triplex and R-loop formation aspects of lncRNAs at the rDNA locus in yeast and hu…
Use of machine learning approaches to improve non-invasive skin melanoma diagnostic method in spectral range 450 - 950nm
2020
Non-invasive skin cancer diagnostic methods develop rapidly thanks to Deep Learning and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Currently, two types of diagnostics are popular: (a) using single image taken under white illumination and (b) using multiple images taken in narrow spectral bands. The first method is easier to implement, but it is limited in accuracy. The second method is more sensitive, because it is possible to use illumination considering the absorption bands of the skin chromophores and the optical properties of the skin. Currently CNN use a single white light image, due to the availability of large datasets with lesion images. Since CNN processing and analysis requires a large …
Improvement of working memory performance by training is not transferable
2011
Working memory (WM) usually refers to a cognitive system devoted to the simultaneous maintenance and processing of information which plays a crucial role in high-level cognition. Recently, Barrouillet and collaborators showed the importance of controlling the time course of cognitive activities to assess WM capacities. Therefore, they developed a new paradigm to systematically explore the functioning of WM that involved simple but time-constrained activities as processing component. In comparison with traditional tasks, these computer-paced span tasks provide a more accurate evaluation of WM capacities and turned out to be the most predictive of complex cognitive achievements. The present s…