Search results for "coding"
showing 10 items of 920 documents
Diversity and complexity of microbial communities from a chlor-alkali tailings dump
2015
Abstract Revegetation of the tailings dumps produced by various industrial activities is necessary to prevent dust storms and erosion and represents a great challenge for ecological restoration. Little is known about the microbial colonisation and community structure of revegetated tailings following site exploitation. Here, we report the sequencing of 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) fungal RNA gene amplicons from chlor-alkali residue and from an adjacent undisturbed soil to define the composition and assembly of the rhizosphere microbial communities. After quality filtering, a total of 72,373 and 89,929 bacterial sequences and 122,618 and 111,209 fungal sequences remained fo…
The Largest Subunit of RNA Polymerase II as a New Marker Gene to Study Assemblages of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Field
2014
Due to the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF, Glomeromycota) to improve plant growth and soil quality, the influence of agricultural practice on their diversity continues to be an important research question. Up to now studies of community diversity in AMF have exclusively been based on nuclear ribosomal gene regions, which in AMF show high intra-organism polymorphism, seriously complicating interpretation of these data. We designed specific PCR primers for 454 sequencing of a region of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene, and established a new reference dataset comprising all major AMF lineages. This gene is known to be monomorphic within fungal isolates but shows an…
Comparison of RK and confidence judgement ROCs in recognition memory.
2011
author cannot archive publisher's version/PDF; International audience; Several indicators have been used to differentiate familiarity and recollection processes. One dualist theory stipulates that it is possible to decide whether memories come from a feeling of knowing or from a conscious retrieval of the encoding and storage conditions (remembering). Another dualist theory is based on an indirect estimation of familiarity and recollection via the subjective confidence associated with recognition responses, and from an analysis of the derived receiver operating characteristics (ROC). In the present study, participants were presented with target words or faces that they subsequently had to r…
Going in Homer: The Role of Verb-Inherent Actionality Within Self-Propelled Motion-Event Encoding
2019
The paper aims at investigating the encoding of self-propelled motion events in Homeric Greek in the light of the typology of motion events, taking into account the case of to go. The verbal class of the self-propelled motion refers to those verbs expressing the idea of a simple translational motion, such as to go, to move, without any information about the manner of motion (see, by contrast, the class of the manner-of-motion verbs, such as to run, to swim) or about the path of motion (see, by contrast, the class of the path verbs, such as to enter, to exit). According to Talmy (2000), world languages can be distinguished depending on whether they prototypically express the semantic compone…
First Descriptions of Larva and Pupa of
2019
In this paper, the mature larva and pupa of Bagous claudicans are described and illustrated for the first time. Measurements of younger larval instars are also given. The biology of the species is discussed in association with larval morphology and feeding habits. Overall larval and pupal morphological characters of the genus Bagous are presented. Confirmation of the larva identification as Bagous claudicans species was conducted by cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequencing. DNA barcoding was useful for specimen identification of larval stages. The systematic position of the species within the Bagous collignensis-group, based on morphological and molecular results, is also discussed.
Both contextual regularity and selective attention affect the reduction of precision‐weighted prediction errors but in distinct manners
2021
Predictive coding model of perception postulates that the primary objective of the brain is to infer the causes of sensory inputs by reducing prediction errors (i.e., the discrepancy between expected and actual information). Moreover, prediction errors are weighted by their precision (i.e., inverse variance), which quantifies the degree of certainty about the variables. There is accumulating evidence that the reduction of precision‐weighted prediction errors can be affected by contextual regularity (as an external factor) and selective attention (as an internal factor). However, it is unclear whether the two factors function together or separately. Here we used electroencephalography (EEG) …
A Conceptual Restructuring of Spatial Motion Expressions in Chinese L2
2018
This paper focuses on the patterns in the encoding of spatial motion events that play a major role in the acquisition of these type of expressions. The goal is to single out the semantic contribution of the linguistic items which surface in Chinese locative constructions. In this way, we intend to provide learners with an account of the spatial representation encoded in the Chinese language. In fact, Chinese grammar is often perceived as idiosyncratic, thus generating a frustration that turns into learned helplessness (Maier and Seligman, 1976). We will analyze Talmy (2000a,b) framework under the light of investigations such as Landau and Jackendoff (1993), Svenonius (2004, 2006, 2007), and…
CARATTERIZZAZIONE DELLE EUFORBIE DELLA FLORA SICILIANA TRAMITE “DNA BARCODING”
2013
Il genere Euphorbia L. in Sicilia comprende 36 taxa (1, 2) di cui 8 endemici e subendemici, 21 a distribuzione mediterranea, 5 europea e 2 ancora più ampia. Si tratta di entità presenti nei più svariati contesti ecologici, aventi in comune una caratteristica tossicità derivante dalla presenza di vari alcaloidi più o meno concentrati nel latice. Alcune euforbie sono tipiche della macchia mediterranea, altre si rinvengono nell’ambito di formazioni prative e forestali di alta quota, alcune sono casmofite, altre psammofite. In particolare, le entità native in Sicilia sono: E. akenocarpa Guss., E. aleppica L., E. biumbellata Poir., E. bivonae Steud., E. ceratocarpa Ten., E. characias L., E. cora…
ORNAMENTAL SIGN LANGUAGE IN THE FIRST ORDER TRACERY BELTS
2010
18 pages; We consider ornamental sign language of first order where principles of sieve displacement, of asymmetric building blocks as base of ornament symmetry, color exchangeability and side equivalence principles work. The generic aspects of sieve and genesis of ornamental pattern and ornament sign in it are discussed. The hemiolia principle for ornamental genesis is introduced. The discoverer of most of these principles were artist Modris Tenisons [4, 5, 6, 7 (refs. 23, 24), 8 (ref. 65)]. Here we apply systematical research using simplest mathematical arguments. We come to conclusions that mathematical argument in arising ornament is of much more significance than simply symmetries in i…
Normal, Abby Normal, Prefix Normal
2014
A prefix normal word is a binary word with the property that no substring has more 1s than the prefix of the same length. This class of words is important in the context of binary jumbled pattern matching. In this paper we present results about the number \(\textit{pnw}(n)\) of prefix normal words of length n, showing that \(\textit{pnw}(n) =\Omega\left(2^{n - c\sqrt{n\ln n}}\right)\) for some c and \(\textit{pnw}(n) = O \left(\frac{2^n (\ln n)^2}{n}\right)\). We introduce efficient algorithms for testing the prefix normal property and a “mechanical algorithm” for computing prefix normal forms. We also include games which can be played with prefix normal words. In these games Alice wishes t…