Search results for "cohesion"
showing 10 items of 215 documents
The Academy of Turku During the Last Century of Swedish Rule (1720–1809)
2019
The chapter begins by describing the University of Turku as an academic community in the estate-based society of the Kingdom of Sweden, which had lost its status as a Great Power. The author explains the kinship system, born in the seventeenth century, which served to strengthen academic communities both ideologically and economically. Ties of kinship increased ideological cohesion and the sense of a scholarly community both in good and in bad: they were the channel through which books, clothes, and traditions were passed on; however, the kinship system also increased the risk of closedness and inbreeding.
Instrumento para Evaluar la Cohesión Social en Universidades Mexicanas: Resultados de la Validación Cultural UNIVECS-MX
2021
El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer un instrumento para evaluar la cohesión social en universidades mexicanas. A partir del modelo de evaluación UNIVECS validado en el contexto español, se realiza una adaptación y validación cultural en México; desarrollando un juicio de expertos con nueve profesionales del área de Antropología, Lingüística, Pedagogía, Psicología y Sociología, un jueceo con 51 docentes en educación superior, cuatro grupos de validación de reactivos entre tres universidades con 42 docentes, y un grupo de validación con diez estudiantes universitarios. Todo ello, en función de cuatro criterios de valoración cuantitativa y cualitativa: pertinencia, claridad, factibilidad y…
Modeling the hydrological and mechanical effect of roots on shallow landslides
2016
This study proposes a new methodology for estimating the additional shear strength (or cohesion) exerted by vegetation roots on slope stability analysis within a coupled hydrological-stability model. The mechanical root cohesion is estimated within a Fiber Bundle Model framework that allows for the evaluation of the root strength as a function of stress-strain relationships of populations of fibers. The use of such model requires the knowledge of the root architecture. A branching topology model based on Leonardo's rule is developed, providing an estimation of the amount of roots and the distribution of diameters with depth. The proposed methodology has been implemented into an existing dis…
A Place-Based Approach in EU Regional Development and Its Application in Latvia
2014
Abstract The EU’s regional development policy is gradually moving from the redaction of regional disparities towards regional development growth. The role and involvement of regional and local authorities in regional development policy is increasing. Global changes and challenges call for a growing need to develop more efficient regional development policy instruments that would result in growth and increased quality> of life. Place-based approach is a strategic approach aimed at the development of territorial resources. The aim of this research is to evaluate the role of place-based approach in regional development, to identify and assess the main elements and opportunities brought …
Loafing in the digital age: The role of computer mediated communication in the relation between perceived loafing and group affective outcomes
2014
Virtual work has become an increasingly central practice for the organization of the 21st century. While effective virtual workgroups can create synergies that boost innovation and performance, ineffective workgroups become a great burden for organizations. Empirical research has shown that some negative behaviors, such as social loafing, negatively influence a group's affective outcomes, in both collocated (face-to-face) and virtual workgroups. In this study, we explore if working through low fidelity computer mediated communication (CMC) increases the negative impact of perceived loafing over cohesion and work satisfaction. On this rationale, we conducted a laboratory study with 44 groups…
Aligning Inner Peripheries with rural development in Italy: Territorial evidence to support policy contextualization
2021
Abstract Inner Peripheries is a recent concept based on both peripherality and marginality features, thus far from the commonly adopted geographical notion of periphery. Inner Peripheries are fragile territories covering rural Europe, which suffer from depopulation, low economic potential, and weak territorial cohesion. However, these territories are extremely important for the provision of goods and services, and the stewardship of natural and semi-natural environments. Such dichotomous condition poses several challenges for planning in the EU context, particularly regarding the implementation of the Rural Development Policy. Therefore, current planning needs to contextualize the policy im…
Controlling the cohesion of cement paste
2005
The main source of cohesion in cement paste is the nanoparticles of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), which are formed upon the dissolution of the original tricalcium silicate (C(3)S). The interaction between highly charged C-S-H particles in the presence of divalent calcium counterions is strongly attractive because of ion-ion correlations and a negligible entropic repulsion. Traditional double-layer theory based on the Poisson-Boltzmann equation becomes qualitatively incorrect in these systems. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations in the framework of the primitive model of electrolyte solution is then an alternative, where ion-ion correlations are properly included. In addition to divalent calciu…
Are we any good at protecting our societies and economies from the threat of economic crime and misconduct?
2019
PurposeThis paper aims to outline the Italian framework of rules against economic crime and to verify if Italian legislation provides for appropriate and effective measures according to own needs both at a national and European level.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a comparative approach by examining the European and Italian legal systems for finding analogies and differences between them.FindingsThe study has revealed the need of a greater international harmonisation of criminal laws and penalties as well as the transnationality of the economic crime cuts the chance of success of every national strategy, given that transnational criminals are encouraged by the awareness that thei…
Socio-technical innovation in community-based tourism organizations: A proposal for local development
2021
Abstract Socio-technical innovation is based on new patterns of interaction involving a set of new behaviors that have been legitimized in a given context. The approach of socio-technical innovation complements a purely technological innovation focus. However, studies of how to address social and environmental challenges under this approach are scarce. The aim of this paper is to identify the technical and social structures that underpin the socio-technical innovation system of community-based tourism organizations (CBTOs). This paper offers an in-depth case study of a specific type of collective property known as an “ejido”. Through this case study, the paper highlights the aspects that ha…
Exploring the Relationship Between Business Elite Networks and Income Inequality in Latin American Countries
2018
Although the cohesion of business elites has been associated with income concentration, few studies have in-depth investigated the role of business elite networks in macro-social issues such as economic inequality. This research explores the relationship between business elite networks and income inequality in several Latin American countries. To do so, this paper 1) examine business elite networks applying a network analysis of interlocking directorates, and 2) establishes the link and complementarities between the level of cohesion of business elite networks and income inequality. Results show that where business elite formed cohesive networks and economy was export-oriented, social prote…