Search results for "colloid"

showing 10 items of 1288 documents

Electron-Transfer Kinetics for Generation of Organoiron(IV) Porphyrins and the Iron(IV) Porphyrin π Radical Cations

1999

Homogeneous electron-transfer kinetics for the oxidation of seven different iron(III) porphyrins using three different oxidants were examined in deaerated acetonitrile, and the resulting data were evaluated in light of the Marcus theory of electron transfer to determine reorganization energies of the rate-determining oxidation of iron(III) to iron(IV). The investigated compounds are represented as (P)Fe(R), where P = the dianion of 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (OETPP) and R = C6H5, 3,5-C6F2H3, 2,4,6-C6F3H2, or C6F5 or P = the dianion of 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethylporphyrin (OEP) and R = C6H5, 2,4,6-C6F3H2, or 2,3,5,6-C6F4H. The first one-electron transfer …

KineticsInorganic chemistryGeneral ChemistryBiochemistryPorphyrinMedicinal chemistryCatalysisMarcus theorychemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryHomogeneousAcetonitrileJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Molecular organization of a water-insoluble iridium(III) complex in mixed monolayers.

2007

Abstract In this work, organized mixed monolayers containing a cationic water-insoluble iridium(III) complex, Ir-dye, [Ir(ppy)2(tmphen)]PF6, (tmphen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline, and ppy = 2-phenylpyridine), and an anionic lipid matrix, DMPA, dimyristoyl-phosphatidic acid, with different molar proportions, were formed by the co-spreading method at the air–water interface. The presence of the dye at the interface, as well as the molecular organization of the mixed films, is deduced from surface techniques such as π – A isotherms, Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) and reflection spectroscopy. The results obtained remark the formation of an equimolar mixed film, Ir-dye/DMPA = 1:1. B…

LangmuirBrewster's angleChemistryCationic polymerizationAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialssymbols.namesakeCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistryTransition metalMonolayersymbolsIridiumFourier transform infrared spectroscopyJournal of colloid and interface science
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Molecular adhesion interactions between Langmuir monolayers and solid substrates

1998

Abstract Substrate-monolayer adhesion interactions between differently prepared SiO2 surfaces and Langmuir monolayers were investigated. From the relation between the contact angle and the surface tension of a Langmuir monolayer in the configuration of Langmuir wetting the work of adhesion between the substrate and the monolayer as a function of the molecular packing and the transfer ratios was determined. Thus the molecular work of adhesion of different SiO2-dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine surfaces was quantified. The relation between the local adhesion interactions and the molecular packing and structure is presented and substrate-induced phase transitions are discussed.

LangmuirChemistrytechnology industry and agricultureDispersive adhesionAdhesionLangmuir–Blodgett filmContact angleSurface tensionColloid and Surface ChemistryChemical engineeringMonolayerOrganic chemistrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)WettingColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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Incorporation of CrIII into a Keggin Polyoxometalate as a Chemical Strategy to Stabilize a Labile {CrIIIO4} Tetrahedral Conformation and Promote Unat…

2020

Polyoxometalates (POMs) provide rigid and highly symmetric coordination sites and can be used as a strategy for the stabilization of magnetic ions. Herein, we report a new member of the Keggin archetype, the Cr-centered Keggin anion [α-CrW12O40]5– (CrW12), with the unusual tetrahedral coordination of CrIII reported for the first time in POMs conferring unattended magnetic properties. POM chemistry has recently presented excellent examples of single-molecule and single-ion magnets (SMMs and SIMs) as well as molecular spin qubits; however, the majority of POM-based SIMs reported to date contain lanthanoid ions. CrW12, as the first example of a chromium(III) SIM, exhibits slow relaxation of ma…

LanthanideChemistryCommunicationRelaxation (NMR)chemistry.chemical_elementGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesIonCrystallographyMagnetizationChromiumColloid and Surface ChemistryMagnetPolyoxometalateQuantum tunnellingJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Lanthanoid single-ion magnets based on polyoxometalates with a 5-fold symmetry: The series [LnP5W30O110]12– (Ln3+ = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb)

2012

A robust, stable and processable family of mononuclear lanthanoid complexes based on polyoxometalates (POMs) that exhibit single-molecule magnetic behavior is described here. Preyssler polyanions of general formula [LnP 5W 30O 110] 12- (Ln 3+ = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb) have been characterized with static and dynamic magnetic measurements and heat capacity experiments. For the Dy and Ho derivatives, slow relaxation of the magnetization has been found. A simple interpretation of these properties is achieved by using crystal field theory. © 2012 American Chemical Society.

LanthanideMagnetic measurementsSingle ionCondensed matter physicsChemistryGeneral ChemistryBiochemistryHeat capacityCatalysisMagnetizationCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistryCrystal field theoryMagnet
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Stratification Dynamics in Drying Colloidal Mixtures

2017

Stratification in binary colloidal mixtures was investigated using implicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations. For large particle size ratios and film Péclet numbers greater than unity, smaller colloids migrated to the top of the film, while big colloids were pushed to the bottom, creating an "inverted" stratification. This peculiar behavior was observed in recent simulations and experiments conducted by Fortini et al. [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 2016 , 116 , 118301 ]. To rationalize this behavior, particle size ratios and drying rates spanning qualitatively different Péclet number regimes were systematically studied, and the dynamics of the inverted stratification were quantified in detail. Th…

Large particleChemistryStratification (water)Nanotechnology02 engineering and technologySurfaces and InterfacesPéclet number010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesMolecular dynamicssymbols.namesakeColloidChemical physicsElectrochemistrysymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceParticle size0210 nano-technologySpectroscopyLangmuir
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Opale: Photonische Kristalle

2007

Opale sind selbstorganisierte, kubisch dichtest gepackte Kolloidkristalle mit Kolloid-Durchmessern im Nanometer- und Submikrometerbereich. Aufgrund der periodisch modulierten Dielektrizitatskonstante bilden sich photonische Bandlucken aus, so dass die Ausbreitung von Licht mit Wellenlangen in der Grosenordnung der Gitterkonstanten unterdruckt wird. Dies erklart u.a. den brillianten Farbeindruck. Opale konnen synthetisch aus Polymer- oder Metalloxidkolloiden in einem Bottom-up-Prozess hergestellt und auf vielfaltige Weise chemisch funktionalisiert, strukturiert oder als Template fur ihre invertierten Strukturen verwendet werden. Anwendungsgebiete reichen von optischen Chips, Farbdisplays und…

Lattice constantDielectric structureBand gapbusiness.industryChemistryChemical functionalizationPolymer chemistryOptoelectronicsGeneral ChemistryColloidal crystalbusinessChemie in unserer Zeit
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Orientation of polybutadiene chains in a thermoplastic elastomer

1996

The orientation of polybutadiene chains in thermoplastic elastomers based on hydrogen bonding complexes is investigated under uniaxial deformation by two-dimensional small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), deuteron magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2H-NMR), optical birefringence and infrared dichroism spectroscopy (FTIR-D). While SANS probes orientation on the length scale of the radius of gyration,2H-NMR, birefringence and FTIR-D monitor orientation on a segmental scale. The deformation of the elastomer chains appears to be affine on the different length scales.

Length scaleMaterials scienceBirefringencePolymers and PlasticsPhysics::OpticsNeutron scatteringElastomerCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterColloid and Surface ChemistryPolybutadieneMaterials ChemistryRadius of gyrationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComposite materialThermoplastic elastomerSpectroscopyColloid & Polymer Science
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An Improved Empirical Relation to Determine the Particle Number Density of Fluid-Like Ordered Charge-Stabilized Suspensions

2001

Polystyrene as an archetypal charge-stabilized colloid model system was used in this work under well defined preparation conditions. A continuous preparation technique was used to control the suspension parameters salt concentration c and particle number density n. Measurements of n were performed using both conductivity in the completely deionized state and static light scattering. We found a significant deviation between the position of the first maximum of the static structure factor qmax=2π/L and an estimate identifying the relevant length scale L with the average inter-particle distance d¯=n−1/3. Instead, qmax was observed to follow the relation qmax=(2.20±0.03)π/d¯, which is equivalen…

Length scaleParticle numberChemistryThermodynamicsBragg peakGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterCrystalColloidCrystallographyPhase (matter)General Materials ScienceStatic light scatteringStructure factorParticle & Particle Systems Characterization
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Prodrug based on halloysite delivery systems to improve the antitumor ability of methotrexate in leukemia cell lines

2021

The prodrug approach, as well as the development of specific systems able to deliver a chemotherapeutic agent in the target site, decreasing the side effects often associated with its administration, are still a challenging. In this context, both methotrexate drug molecules (MTX) and biotin ligand moieties, whose receptors are overexpressed on the surface of several cancer cells, were loaded on halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to develop nanomaterial based on multifunctional and "smart" delivery systems. To highlight the crucial role played by biotin, carrier systems based on HNTs and MTX were also synthetized. In detail, several approaches were envisaged: i) a supramolecular interaction between…

LeukemiaNanotubesHalloysite nanotubesBiotinAntineoplastic AgentsSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral MedicineSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaCell LineDrug delivery systemsColloid and Surface ChemistryMethotrexateSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaClayHumansProdrugsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryLeukemia cellsProdrugBiotechnologySettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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