Search results for "colon cancer"
showing 10 items of 157 documents
Apoptotic effect of a phytosterol-ingredient and its main phytosterol (β-sitosterol) in human cancer cell lines
2018
Dietary interventions may effectively control cancer development, with phytosterols (PS) being a class of cancer chemopreventive dietary phytochemicals. The present study, for the first time, evaluates the antiproliferative effects of a PS-ingredient used for the enrichment of several foods and its main PS, β-sitosterol, at physiological serum levels, in the most prevalent cancer cells in women (breast (MCF-7), colon (HCT116) and cervical (HeLa)). In all three cell lines, these compounds induced significant cell viability reduction without a clear time- and dose-dependent response. Moreover, all treatments produced apoptotic cell death with the induction of DNA fragmentation through the app…
The role of myoglobin in epithelial cancers: Insights from transcriptomics
2019
The muscle-associated respiratory protein myoglobin (MB) is expressed in multiple types of cancer, including breast and prostate tumors. In Kaplan-Meier analyses of the two tumor types, MB positivity is associated with favorable prognoses. Despite its well-characterized function in myocytes, the role of MB in cancer remains unclear. To study the impact of endogenous MB expression, small interfering RNA MB-knockdown cells were engineered using breast, prostate and colon cancer cell lines (MDA-MB468, LNCaP, DLD-1), and their transcriptomes were investigated using RNA-Seq at different oxygen levels. In MB-positive cells, increased expression of glycolytic genes was observed, which was possibly…
Preferential uptake of polyunsaturated fatty acids by colorectal cancer cells
2020
AbstractAlthough a growing body of evidence suggests that colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with alterations of fatty acid (FA) profiles in serum and tumor tissues, available data about polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content in CRC patients are inconclusive. Our study showed that CRC tissues contained more PUFAs than normal large intestinal mucosa. However, serum levels of PUFAs in CRC patients were lower than in healthy controls. To explain the mechanism of PUFA alterations in CRC, we measured FA uptake by the colon cancer cells and normal colon cells. The levels of PUFAs in colon cancer cell culture medium decreased significantly with incubation time, while no changes were observed…
Does bevacizumab impact anti-EGFR therapy efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer?
2016
IF 5.008; International audience; Anti-EGFR therapy and antiangiogenic therapies are used alone or in combination with chemotherapies to improve survival in metastatic colorectal cancer. However, it is unknown whether pretreatment with antiangiogenic therapy could impact on the efficacy of anti-EGFR therapy. We selected one hundred and twenty eight patients diagnosed with advanced colorectal cancer with a KRAS and NRAS unmutated tumor. These patients were treated with cetuximab or panitumumab alone or with chemotherapy as second or third-line. Univariate and multivariate Cox model analysis were performed to estimate the effect of a previous bevacizumab regimen on progression free survival a…
Dual targeting of HER3 and MEK may overcome HER3-dependent drug-resistance of colon cancers
2016
// Giulia Bon 1, * , Rossella Loria 1, * , Carla Azzurra Amoreo 2 , Alessandra Verdina 1 , Isabella Sperduti 2 , Arianna Mastrofrancesco 3 , Silvia Soddu 1 , Maria Grazia Diodoro 2 , Marcella Mottolese 2 , Matilde Todaro 4 , Giorgio Stassi 4 , Michele Milella 5 , Ruggero De Maria 6 , Rita Falcioni 1 1 Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy 2 Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic, and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy 3 Physiopathology Laboratory of Skin, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy 4 Surgical and Oncological Scien…
Prognostic value of methylator phenotype in stage III colon cancer treated with oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy
2017
Abstract Purpose: There are conflicting results concerning the prognostic value of the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in patients with nonmetastatic colon cancer. We studied this phenotype in stage III colon cancer characterized for mismatch repair (MMR), RAS, and BRAF status, and treated with adjuvant FOLFOX-based regimen. Experimental Design: Tumor samples of 1,907 patients enrolled in the PETACC-8 adjuvant phase III trial were analyzed. The method used was methylation-specific PCR, where CIMP+ status was defined by methylation of at least 3 of 5 following genes: IGF2, CACNA1G, NEUROG1, SOCS1, and RUNX3. Association between CIMP status and overall survival (OS), disease-free survi…
Prognostic impact and implications of extra-capsular lymph node involvement in colorectal cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
2015
The extranodal extension (ENE) of nodal metastasis (i.e. the extension of tumor cells through the nodal capsule into the perinodal adipose tissue) has recently emerged as an important prognostic factor in different types of malignancies. However, the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system for colorectal cancer does not consider it as a prognostic parameter. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prognostic role of ENE in patients with lymph node-positive colorectal cancer.Two independent authors searched PubMed and SCOPUS until 7 January 2015 without language restrictions. Prospective studies reporting data on prognostic parameters in subjects wit…
MiR-675-5p supports hypoxia induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in colon cancer cells
2017
// Viviana Costa 1, * , Alessia Lo Dico 2, * , Aroldo Rizzo 3 , Francesca Rajata 3 , Marco Tripodi 4, 5 , Riccardo Alessandro 6, 7, * , Alice Conigliaro 4, * 1 Innovative Technological Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Palermo, Italy 2 Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy 3 Unita Operativa di Anatomia Patologica, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti “Villa Sofia-Cervello”, Palermo, Italy 4 Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Cellulari ed Ematologia, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy 5 National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, IRCCS, Rome, Italy 6 Dipartimen…
Betulinic Acid Kills Colon Cancer Stem Cells
2016
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to be the origin of cancer and it is suggested that they are resistant to chemotherapy. Current therapies fail to eradicate CSCs and therefore selecting a resistant cell subset that is able to facilitate tumor recurrences. Betulinic acid (BetA) is a broad acting natural compound, shown to induce cell death via the inhibition of the stearoyl-CoA- desaturase (SCD- 1). This enzyme converts saturated fatty acids into unsaturated fatty acids and is over-expressed in tumor cells. Here we show that BetA induces rapid cell death in all colon CSCs tested and is able to affect the CSCs directly as shown, via the loss of clonogenic capacity. Similar results were…
Sicilian Litchi Fruit Extracts Induce Autophagy versus Apoptosis Switch in Human Colon Cancer Cells
2018
Litchi chinensis Sonnerat is a tropical tree whose fruits contain significant amounts of bioactive polyphenols. Litchi cultivation has recently spread in Sicily where the climate conditions are particularly favorable for this crop. Recent findings have shown that Litchi extracts display anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic effects in vitro, but the precise underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we report for the first time the effects of Sicilian litchi fruit extracts on colon cancer cells. The results indicated that litchi exocarp, mesocarp and endocarp fractions reduce the viability and clonogenic growth of HT29 cells. These effects were due to cell cycle arrest in t…