Search results for "colour"
showing 10 items of 290 documents
Konotacje nazw barw w toponimii i hydronimii śląskiej (czarny, biały, zielony)
2021
Kolory należą do podstawowych środków orientacji człowieka w świecie. Niosą informacje o wartościach wyznawanych przez dane społeczeństwo, są wyrazem tożsamości jednostkowej i zbiorowej, wywołują różne skojarzenia i emocje, odzwierciedlają sposób postrzegania otaczającej rzeczywistości. Przedmiotem artykułu są nazwy geograficzne Śląska zawierające element kolorystyczny: czarny, biały i zielony – najbardziej charakterystyczne barwy Śląska. Badaniu zostały poddane zarówno nazwy genetycznie polskie, jak i niemieckie, gdyż historia Śląska i naturalna symbioza językowo-kulturowa pozwalają traktować je na równi. Badania nazw kolorów w obu językach nie wykazują też większych różnic w konotacjach i…
Determination of reflectance spectra model of skin phototypes V
2012
In dermatology, skin is assessed for its response to UV light and is categorised under the Fitzpatrick skin type (FST). The FST is commonly applied as a predictor of skin cancer. The FST classification however is subjective. To enable an objective assessment, a pattern model of skin colour taken from normal subjects is required. In this paper, a model for skin phototype (SPT) V is developed and presented. We conducted an observational study involving 41 participants with FST V. The study analysed the reflectance spectra of facultative skin and constitutive skin which was captured using spectrophotometer and multispectral camera. Using piecewise linear regression, we modelled the reflectance…
Camouflage in arid environments: the case of Sahara-Sahel desert rodents
2020
Deserts and semi-deserts, such as the Sahara-Sahel region in North Africa, are exposed environments with restricted vegetation coverage. Due to limited physical surface structures, these open areas provide a promising ecosystem to understand selection for crypsis. Here, we review knowledge on camouflage adaptation in the Sahara-Sahel rodent community, which represents one of the best documented cases of phenotype-environment convergence comprising a marked taxonomic diversity. Through their evolutionary history, several rodent species from the Sahara-Sahel have repeatedly evolved an accurate background matching against visually-guided predators. Top-down selection by predators is therefore …
Automated water quality monitoring of humic lakes by using the optical properties of water
2016
Automated water quality monitoring (AWQM) is becoming increasingly common in lakes worldwide. The history of AWQM is relatively short and standard calibration procedures for the measured variables are largely yet to be established. The use of optical AWQM sensors, developed in oceanic environments, raises new questions on the diverse effects which humic compounds may have on the automated optical measurements in inlands waters. The focus of this thesis was to characterize the effects of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) on optical in situ measurements of organic matter (OM) and chlorophyll (Chl) in lakes with varying humic content, and to use AWQM data as a part of traditional monito…
La resemantització com a recurs creatiu: la neologia cromàtica
2015
El valor simbòlic que han adquirit els termes dels colors en les diferents cultures al llarg de la història explica que siguin un element recurrentment utilitzat per a la creativitat lèxica. En aquest treball abordem, des d’una perspectiva lingüística, un aspecte de l’estudi dels termes dels colors que ha estat poc tractat fins ara: el paper que juguen en la resemantització de les unitats lèxiques d’una llengua. Per fer-ho, partim, d’una banda, d’alguns dels conceptes fonamentals establerts des de l’antropologia lingüística, i de l’altra, dels supòsits teòrics de la semàntica cognitiva. Després de donar compte, en els primers apartats, dels conceptes teòrics fonamentals en què ens basem, an…
Colori dell'eros nelle Grecia antica
2020
L’articolo contiene una dettagliata indagine di alcuni termini di colore (poikìlos, chloròs, erythròs, pòrphyros e loro composti), di cui si esamina l’uso e i significati nel confronto tra lirica greca arcaica e letteratura medica, con particolare attenzione per i contesti erotici. In accordo con quanto già evidenziato da altri studiosi, emerge in generale l’estensione e l’innovazione, da parte di lirici e medici, del tradizionale ambito culturale e semantico di tali termini, a discapito del mero tratto coloristico. Specificamente, il confronto tra l’uso poetico e medico, specie ippocratico, dei termini di colore considerati mostra alcune corrispondenze nella rappresentazione e nell’immagin…
Data from: Temporal relationship between genetic and warning signal variation in the aposematic wood tiger moth (Parasemia plantaginis)
2014
Many plants and animals advertise unpalatability through warning signals in the form of colour and shape. Variation in warning signals within local populations is not expected because they are subject to directional selection. However, mounting evidence of warning signal variation within local populations suggests that other selective forces may be acting. Moreover, different selective pressures may act on the individual components of a warning signal. At present, we have a limited understanding about how multiple selection processes operate simultaneously on warning signal components, and even less about their temporal and spatial dynamics. Here, we examined temporal variation of several w…
Data from: Environmentally-induced noise dampens and reddens with increasing trophic level in a complex food web
2018
Stochastic variability of key abiotic factors including temperature, precipitation and the availability of light and nutrients greatly influences species’ ecological function and evolutionary fate. Despite such influence, ecologists have typically ignored the effect of abiotic stochasticity on the structure and dynamics of ecological networks. Here we help to fill that gap by advancing the theory of how abiotic stochasticity, in the form of environmental noise, affects the population dynamics of species within food webs. We do this by analysing an allometric trophic network model of Lake Constance subjected to positive (red), negative (blue), and non-autocorrelated (white) abiotic temporal …
Data from: An aposematic colour-polymorphic moth seen through the eyes of conspecifics and predators - sensitivity and colour discrimination in a tig…
2019
1. Although predation is commonly thought to exert the strongest selective pressure on colouration in aposematic species, sexual selection may also influence colouration. Specifically, polymorphism in aposematic species cannot be explained by natural selection alone. 2. Males of the aposematic wood tiger moth (Arctia plantaginis) are polymorphic for hindwing colouration throughout most of their range. In Scandinavia, they display either white or yellow hindwings. Female hindwing colouration varies continuously from bright orange to red. Redder females and yellow males suffer least from bird predation. 3. White males often have higher mating success than yellow males. Therefore, we ask wheth…
Validation of Murray sputum purulence scale in the Italian Registry of Bronchiectasis (IRIDE)
2018
Introduction: Murray sputum colour chart stratifies patients according to the presence of mucous (M), muco-purulent (MP) or purulent (P) sputum, and has not been validated in Bx yet. We aimed to validate this scale across a large Italian cohort of Bx patients. Methods: A secondary analysis of the IRIDE database was conducted including adults with Bx and daily sputum production enrolled across 13 Italian centres between 2014 and 2017. M vs. MP vs. P sputum producers were identified and clinical, functional and microbiological data were collected. Clinical outcomes during a two-year follow up period were evaluated in the Monza and Milan cohorts. A sensitivity analysis excluding COPD patients …