Search results for "comparaison"
showing 10 items of 168 documents
La valeur des compétences dépasse t'elle la valeur des diplômes ?: les enseignements de trois enquêtes internationales sur l'insertion des diplômés d…
2012
Cette communication est une contribution aux débats concernant la valeur des diplômes et la situation de déclassement sur le marché du travail. L'originalité est de comparer les compétences acquises et requises dans l'emploi à partir d'une auto-évaluation réalisée par les jeunes diplômés de l'enseignement supérieur dans neuf pays d'Europe, au Japon et au Canada.
Comparaison internationale : à la recherche de jeunes diplômés de l'enseignement supérieur compétents en informatique
2003
By 1990, tow-thirds of all the jobs available for graduates with higher educational qualifications required advanced computer skills. However, only 30% of these graduates felt that they mastered these skills sufficiently well. Many of them have had to complete their initial vocational training by taking continuing training courses. In addition, mastering computer skills usually means earning higher wages. These results were based on a survey carried out on 35000 people who had graduated in disciplines of all kinds in eleven European countries and Japan.
Les doctorants en sciences humaines sont-ils complexés ?
2008
Article de revue de valorisation; La mise en oeuvre d'une enquête sur la formation doctorale à l'Université de Bourgogne, sous forme de deux questionnaires destinés aux doctorants et aux directeurs de thèse, a permis de mettre en évidence que les habitus et la socialisation professionnelle des doctorants sont très différents selon les champs disciplinaires. Cet article fait un bilan de ces différences
Ecole démocratique, école républicaine : Prévention des conséquences civiques de l'intégrisme religieux et notation des élèves
2015
National audience; Ce texte prend appui sur la notion de Modèle Politique d'Education (en opposant le modèle démocratique de l'Amérique du Nord (Etats-Unis, Québec) au modèle républicain (France)), modèles dont il teste la pertinence à partir du questionnaire élèves de PISA 2012, pour traiter de deux questions d'actualité : comment réduire la compréhension dont bénéficient les djihadistes auprès de certains élèves, comment mettre l'évaluation des élèves au service de leurs apprentissages? Sur le premier point, il explique pourquoi le modèle démocratique est plus adapté et indique quelles caractéristiques de l'école démocratiques peuvent être mobilisées. Sur le second, il plaide que la quest…
Enseignement et démocratisation : comparaison des effets sociaux des politiques de deux systèmes éducatifs, Ile Maurice, Ile de la Réunion
1999
International audience; Mauritious and Réunion are characterised by their contrasting education policies. Our research questions, form a comparative angle, not just the impact of these political choice but also the consequences of the way the two systems are run in terms of school democratisation. In order to do this, we make a point of putting in perspective the differentiated paths in school followed by pupils from a sample of schools in Mauritius and Réunion. The complementarity between quantitative and qualitative approaches makes it possible to show that the expected social effects are modulated by the behaviour strategies of the "initiated" actors. If the movement towards education fo…
An adult life cycle perspective on public subsidies to higher education in three countries
1986
Studies of the incidence of public susidies to higher education have commonly disregarded adjustements to an appropriate age range in the parental reference populations. Even where the need for such adjustements is noted, implications have rarely if ever been systematically analyzed. Moreover, no attention whatsoever seems to have been paid to implications for adult life-cycle experiences let alone secular changes in experiences over successive cohorts. The present paper seeks to fill part of these gaps, drawing on relevant parts of our research on "the political economy of government support of higher education : studies in Chile, France and Malaysia".
Are private schools more efficient than public schools ? Evidence from Tanzania
2001
International audience; Beginning in the mid-1980s, there has been an explosive growth of private secondary schools in Tanzania. By easing constraints on private operators, the government has clearly found an effective way in the context of right public budget constraints to cope with the excess demand for this level of schooling. But has the policy also led to efficient operations in terms of student learning ? In this paper, we attempt to shed light on this issue by comparing the efficiency of four types of schools that make up the majority of schools in the country : Government and Community schools in the public sector, and Chirstian and Wazazi schools in the private sector. Using longi…
Pathways to higher education in France and Switzerland: Do vocational tracks facilitate access to higher education for immigrant students?
2014
In this chapter we wish to clarify through which institutional pathways higher education is accessed by immigrant group students in Switzerland and France. We have chosen these two countries because they differ from each other both in their educational systems and in the ways new routes to higher education have been set up through vocationally orientated programmes. The educational landscape in France is characterised by a more school-based system and has a greater tradition of prestigious tertiary education institutions (Duru-Bellat et al., 2008). Moreover, traditional vocational education and training (VET) does not have very high status and therefore fails to attract a large proportion o…
Vers de nouveaux modes de gouvernement des systèmes éducatifs ? Les leçons des comparaisons internationales
2002
Dans la plupart des pays développés, l'autonomie des établissements scolaires s'est accrue, accompagnée en général par une surveillance de leurs performances et par des mécanismes d'incitation. Par ailleurs, les parents peuvent davantage choisir l'école de leurs enfants. Cela s'est passé en France aussi, mais de façon plus retenue, et sans que le mode de régulation du système éducatif n'évolue en conséquence. Cet article présente les politiques implantées à l'étranger en la matière, en particulier au Royaume-Uni et dans certains Etats ou Districts des Etats-Unis, et le bilan que l'on peut faire des politiques de choix de l'école comme des politiques d'autonomie/régulation par les résultats.…
: Policies of decentralization in education : international diversity, theoretical reasoning, empirical evidence
2004
Over the past two decades, decentralization of governments has become common throughout the world. The education sector is no exception. Countries with diverse economic, spatial, demographic and educational features have implemented significant decentralization reforms. The traditional typology of educational functions, characterized by contrasts between central states federal states has grown enriched with families of newly decentralized educational systems. However, despite the polical popularity of decentralization reforms, neither economic and political theories nor empirical evaluations give consistent grounds for this worldwide trend. Despite an impressive amount of literature, mainly…