Search results for "competition."

Co-learning of recursive languages from positive data

1996

The present paper deals with the co-learnability of enumerable families L of uniformly recursive languages from positive data. This refers to the following scenario. A family L of target languages as well as hypothesis space for it are specified. The co-learner is fed eventually all positive examples of an unknown target language L chosen from L. The target language L is successfully co-learned iff the co-learner can definitely delete all but one possible hypotheses, and the remaining one has to correctly describe L.

La «innovación escondida» de las pymes industriales en el capitalismo español. Gestión, estrategias y repertorios de prácticas innovadoras en pymes m…

2019

Las pymes industriales dinámicas e innovadoras son una de las bases de prosperidad colectiva en algunos países y regiones europeas. Desde una sociología multinivel que integra los niveles micro (empresarial-organizativo), meso (regional-local y sectorial) y macro (capitalismo estatal-nacional) dentro del sistema de redes-cadenas de producción del capitalismo global, el artículo analiza la actividad innovadora de las pymes industriales, la cual se puede denominar innovación escondida al no aparecer en los indicadores convencionales de innovación. En base a 22 entrevistas semiestructuradas a directivos de pymes manufactureras de Cataluña, se aplica la Teoría Fundamentada para construir catego…

Poly-space

2020

The Public Consultation on Regulation 1/2003: A Stronger Institutional Infrastructure for Fostering the EU Common Competition Culture

2016

Any strategic vision for European antitrust enforcement rests on one fundamental pillar: the continuous development of a common competition culture shared by the European Commission and national competition authorities (NCAs). In this respect, the innovative model of institutional governance for the enforcement of European Union (EU) competition law set out by Regulation 1/2003 has proved key: the achievements accomplished within the European Competition Network have probably exceeded the initial expectations in terms of scale of enforcement, its effectiveness as well as its consistency.

SEQUENCE EVOLUTION OF THE SPERM LIGAND ZONADHESIN CORRELATES NEGATIVELY WITH BODY WEIGHT DIMORPHISM IN PRIMATES

2007

Sexual selection has repeatedly been shown to be the probable driving force behind the positive Darwinian evolution of genes affecting male reproductive success. Here we compare the sequence evolution of the sperm ligand zonadhesin with body mass dimorphism in primates. In contrast to previous related studies, the present approach takes into account not only catarrhine primates, but also platyrrhines and lemurs. In detail, we analyze the sequence evolution of concatenated zonadhesin fragments (555 bp) of four Lemuroidea, five Platyrrhini, and seven Catarrhini, using the rate ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions (dn/ds=omega). Unexpectedly, subsequent regression analyzes betwee…

Male reproductive senescence as a potential source of sexual conflict in a beetle

2011

The link between senescence and reproductive success is a contentious yet crucial issue to our understanding of mate choice, sexual conflict, and the evolution of ageing. By imposing direct (i.e., male fertility) or indirect (i.e., zygote viability) reproductive costs to females, male senescence may lead to sexual conflict at different levels. For example, ageing may affect male ability to deliver sperm, thus setting the scene for sexual conflict over mating, and/or may affect the quality of individual sperm cells, generating the potential for sexual conflict over fertilizing strategies. We addressed these issues by studying the mating behavior, reproductive fitness, and fertilization patte…

The effect of male-male competition and ornament size on mean and variance of courtship intensity towards heterospecific and conspecific females

2015

Discrimination between hetero- and conspecifics is the elementary choice an individual performs when searching for potential mates. The level of selectivity and strength of species discrimination is modified by variance in the quality of females, level of the male’s reproductive investment, mate search costs, and the competitive environment. The effect of the competitive environment on both species discrimination and conspecific mate choice has seldom been studied simultaneously. We experimentally manipulated territorial competition ofCalopteryx splendensdamselfly males in the wild, and asked two questions. First, does increased competition influence the territorial males’ responses towards…

Strategic Analysis Tools Application at SMEs in Ecuador

2015

This article explores the nature and scope of Strategic Analysis Tools (SAT) application in SMEs located in emerging countries such as Ecuador (where there are no formal studies on the subject). It is intended to assess which of the instruments utilized by these firms may contribute to formulate strategic options and which of them create awareness of relevant risks or distress specifically about continuity concerning their operations. Through the application of a survey to an intentional sample-selection of SMEs in Quito-Ecuador we analyzed the consciousness over these instruments to facilitate the creation of strategic options, their contribution to assess their competitive position and th…

Online pricing for demand-side management in a low-voltage resistive micro-grid via a Stackelberg game with incentive strategies

2022

It has been demonstrated that online pricing mechanisms are a viable solution for demand side management in power systems. This study deals with the analysis and design of a droop-controlled low-voltage resistive AC micro-grid network system. Such a system is subjected to a dynamic demand obtained from an online pricing mechanism, which is proposed as a novelty in the study of micro-grids. This mechanism is derived from a variation of the Stackelberg game, which includes the use of incentive strategies. First, a configuration in which a supplier announces an incentive function and (Formula presented.) -consumers’ reaction to the resulting personalised price is presented. Then, a detailed st…

Urbanisation and Urban Regionalisation Processes in the Metropolitan Area of Palermo

2021

This article provides empirical evidence that helps to answer several key questions relating to the regionalisation processes in Southern European cities. Several studies have documented the effects produced by the urban regionalisation process, especially in terms of territorial resource consumptions and the formation of new territorial patterns, overlooking the evaluation of public information that has been lost in terms of space and prerogatives of public action in the new post- metropolitan urban space. Starting from this theoretical framework, the interpretation of the post-metropolitan transition of Palermo through the filter of living in its dual dimension of being the outcome of soc…