Search results for "competition"
showing 10 items of 1409 documents
The beer market and advertising expenditure
2009
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impacts of advertising expenditure on brands' market shares, utilizing a novel four‐week advertising‐sales data from the highly competitive oligopolistic Finnish beer market in which price competition among the homogeneous larger‐type beer brands is not allowed during the period of the study.Design/methodology/approachCompetition is modelled using the Lanchester model. The impacts of advertising on market shares are estimated using the impulse‐response functions from vector autoregression, and the full information maximum likelihood and advertising elasticities.FindingsSome new insights into beer market dynamics are obtained. First, the imp…
Gender, self-confidence, sports, and preferences for competition
2016
In the last years, research in economics has shown a gender gap in the willingness to compete with women shying away from competition more than men do. This gender difference in preferences towards competition has been considered a critical factor in explaining the small percentage of women found in top-level positions in business, science, or politics. Therefore, in order to improve women job prospects, research and policy interventions try to offer incentives for women to increase competitive behavior. However, other recent studies specifically point at men¿s competitive behavior as the responsible for some of the financial markets malfunctions, suggesting that an influx of talented women…
The practice-driven evolution of family business education
2007
Abstract Starting from Calder's dissertation in the early fifties, key developments in family business education are presented in a 130-item chronology. The emergence of the field is tracked to the demand from practitioners rather than the pull of scholarly inquiry. Causal evolutionary drivers of variation, selective retention, and struggle for survival, provide a framework for understanding the past and current status of the knowledge base for family business and hinting at future development. The critical role of infrastructure – family business centers and professional associations – is evident in the path dependent evolution and growth of the field. Although the last two decades have wi…
Brand Fan Pages experience and strength as antecedents to engagement and intensity of use to achieve HEIS’ brand loyalty
2019
ABSTRACTThe growing competitive environment in which Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are immersed has caused them to be constantly focused on implementing new strategies that allow them to con...
The impacts of competitive entry on pricing in the Finnish retail grocery market
2007
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the impacts that a new retailer entering a previously stable market has on the domestic retailers' pricing behaviour. The paper describes and analyses the context of the entry of the hard discounter chain Lidl into the Finnish market.Design/methodology/approachTo illustrate the effects of competitive entry on pricing behaviour of competitors, prices of 20 grocery items were collected from three different chains and three market areas in three different points of time. Based on these data the pricing initiatives of the entrant and the reactions of the domestic competitors are described and analysed in terms of four dimensions: competition, geogr…
Generic Advertising, Brand Advertising and Price Competition: An Analysis of Free-Riding Effects and Coordination Mechanisms
2010
The main purpose of generic advertising is to enlarge the total market demand rather than capturing further slices from competitors. Several studies point out emergence of free-riding behavior under independent contribution and suggest use of coordination mechanism. However, existing literature does not shed light on the conditions under which generic advertising can be detrimental (beneficial) to stronger firms weakening (strengthening) their competitive advantage. Also, under a setting including both price and brand advertising competition, coordination in generic advertising has not been unraveled. In order to deal with such issues, we consider a one-stage duopoly game in which two firms…
Toward an understanding of price wars: Their nature and how they erupt
2001
Abstract This paper aims to improve our understanding of the unique phenomenon of market competition, called price wars, as little is known about their nature and how they erupt. More precisely, we offer selected illustrations of the reality of price wars, identify key attributes of price wars, propose a definition of price wars, and offer a conceptual framework in which early warning signals (EWSs) of price wars are distilled and linked to the likelihood and the intensity of such wars. Also, initial empirical findings on some of the effects of price wars are offered, showing that price wars inflict substantial damage on the companies involved. Implications for researchers entail that numer…
Mind Your Space! Desk Sharing Working Environments and Employee Commitment in Austria
2019
This paper empirically examines the influence of desk sharing on the various forms of employee commitment. Previous literature has examined the influence of innovative workspace on employee satisfaction as well as the possible the benefits and disadvantages of desk sharing, but not the influence desk sharing may have on employee commitment. Our study examines the level of commitment in organisations that apply desk sharing compared to those with traditional office settings, finding that desk sharing does not necessarily have a negative influence on commitment. Indeed, desk sharing employees show higher level of affective commitment when applied moderately. However, a radical application of …
An empirical analysis of online price dispersion in the Italian airline industry
2015
Firms operating in the electronic marketplace set and adjust prices to affect demand and profitability. In service markets, such as airline markets, different prices are commonly offered by diverse firms to accommodate to a variety of market segments having particular sets of consumer attitudes. This variation in prices is the price dispersion and is based on market distinctiveness deriving from customer heterogeneity as well as the peculiar competition in the specific market arena. In this paper we use a panel dataset from the Italian airline market to investigate the role of competition and different online channels in the emergence of price dispersion. Specifically, we examine the unclea…
Growth dynamics and space in Brazil
2003
The authors bring together two strands of the empirical literature and analyze the geography of the regional economic performance of the states of the Brazilian Federation from 1939 to 1998. Using tools from spatial statistics, they examine the spatial dependence of regional per capita income in Brazil during the past six decades. They also examine the role of geography in explaining economic growth patterns using intradistribution dynamic tools based on Markov transition matrices and stochastic kernels in a discrete and a continuous framework. The analyses reveal the existence of two spatial clusters in Brazil, a low-income cluster in the northeast and a high-income cluster in the southea…