Search results for "complex"

showing 10 items of 5889 documents

The oxamate route, a versatile post-functionalization for metal incorporation in MIL-101(Cr): Catalytic applications of Cu, Pd, and Au

2013

Abstract A new consecutive post-functionalization method has been developed for the inclusion of additional metal functionalities in Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) through oxamate as chelating agent. This may result in catalytic centers of metal–organic complexes or in controlled formation of metal nanoparticles, demonstrated for Cu, Pd and Au, in the highly stable MIL-101(Cr) framework. In a first post-synthesis step, reduction of the NO 2 -MIL-101(Cr) leads to the formation of NH 2 -MIL-101(Cr). The second functionalization consists of a straightforward condensation of the amino groups of the ligand with ethyl chloro-oxoacetate resulting in the formation of free oxamates attached to the …

Heterogeneous catalysisChemistryInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementHeterogeneous catalysisCopperPost-functionalizationCatalysisCoupling reactionCatalysisMetalMetal complexMetal organic frameworkColloidal goldNH2-MIL-101(Cr)visual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumNanoparticlesMetal-organic frameworkOxamateGoldPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPalladiumCopperPalladium
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On the Intrinsic Complexity of Learning

1995

AbstractA new view of learning is presented. The basis of this view is a natural notion of reduction. We prove completeness and relative difficulty results. An infinite hierarchy of intrinsically more and more difficult to learn concepts is presented. Our results indicate that the complexity notion captured by our new notion of reduction differs dramatically from the traditional studies of the complexity of the algorithms performing learning tasks.

HierarchyTheoretical computer scienceBasis (linear algebra)business.industryMachine learningcomputer.software_genreComputer Science ApplicationsTheoretical Computer ScienceReduction (complexity)Computational Theory and MathematicsCompleteness (order theory)Concept learningRecursive functionsNatural (music)Artificial intelligencebusinesscomputerInformation SystemsMathematicsInformation and Computation
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The Content Web-Accessibility of Information and Technology Support in a Complex System of Educational and Social Inclusion

2018

Support for the socialization of people with special needs is an urgent task in the European space. The study of the system of educational and social inclusion requires an interdisciplinary approach, and a large number of components, their hierarchy, and other features states that the system of inclusion is complex, and therefore requires appropriate means of its modeling - complex networks, graphs, appropriate modeling languages, etc. An important stage in the study of complex systems is the evaluation of their information and technology component in terms of the web accessibility. The use of the recommendations outlined in the WCAG 2.0 while developing information technologies as a compon…

HierarchyWCAGKnowledge managementbusiness.industryComputer scienceModeling languageInformation technologySpecial needsComplex networkcomplex systeminclusionComponent (UML)businessInclusion (education)Web accessibility
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On the dynamics of tilted black hole-torus systems

2016

We present results from three-dimensional, numerical relativity simulations of a {\it tilted} black hole-thick accretion disc system. The simulations are analysed using tracer particles in the disc which are advected with the flow. Such tracers, which we employ in these new simulations for the first time, provide a powerful means to analyse in detail the complex dynamics of tilted black hole-torus systems. We show how its use helps to gain insight in the overall dynamics of the system, discussing the origin of the observed black hole precession and the development of a global non-axisymmetric $m=1$ mode in the disc. Our three-dimensional simulations show the presence of quasi-periodic oscil…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsTorusGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyAccretion (astrophysics)Black starNumerical relativityNeutron starComplex dynamicsSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesStellar black holeAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaLow Mass010303 astronomy & astrophysics
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QCD and Strongly Coupled Gauge Theories: Challenges and Perspectives

2014

We dedicate this document to the memory of Mikhail Polikarpov, who passed away in July 2013. Misha worked with us for decades as a convener of the “Confinement” section of the Quark Confinement and Hadron Spectrum Series. He guided and expanded the scientific discussion of that topic, inspiring and under taking new research avenues. From its initial conception, he supported the enterprise of this document and organized Sect. 8, writing the part on confinement himself. He attracted the XIth Conference on Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum to St. Petersburg (September 8-12, 2014; see http://phys.spbu.ru/confxi.html). His warm and kind personality, his high sense of humor, his ideas in …

High Energy Physics - TheoryEFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORYNuclear TheoryPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Physics beyond the Standard ModelReviewHEAVY-ION COLLISIONSnucl-ex7. Clean energyCosmologyHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentQUARK-GLUON PLASMADEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERINGHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Gauge theoryNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentQuantum chromodynamicsPhysics[PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th]hep-thHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)hep-phddc:High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyYANG-MILLS THEORYastro-ph.COAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsPB-PB COLLISIONSParticle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)nucl-th[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]530 PhysicsStrong interactionComplex systemFOS: Physical scienceshep-lat[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY114 Physical sciencesELECTRIC-DIPOLE MOMENTNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Theoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - Latticeddc:530Engineering (miscellaneous)Particle Physics - Phenomenologyhep-ex[PHYS.HLAT]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONSPerspective (graphical)FísicaRADIATIVE ENERGY-LOSSFlow (mathematics)High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]European Physical Journal C
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Massless positivity in graviton exchange

2021

We formulate Positivity Bounds for scattering amplitudes including exchange of massless particles. We generalize the standard construction through dispersion relations to include the presence of a branch cut along the real axis in the complex plane for the Maldestam variable $s$. In general, validity of these bounds require the cancellation of divergences in the forward limit of the amplitude, proportional to $t^{-1}$ and $\log(t)$. We show that this is possible in the case of gravitons if one assumes a Regge behavior of the amplitude at high energies below the Planck scale, as previously suggested in the literature, and that the concrete UV behaviour of the amplitude is uniquely determined…

High Energy Physics - TheoryField (physics)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)hiukkasfysiikkakosmologia01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyGravitationeffective field theorycanonical quantum gravityDispersion relation0103 physical sciencessironta010306 general physicsquantum field theoryperturbation theoryMathematical physicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitonFísicagravitaatioDark Energyalternative gravity theoriesBimetric Theoriesscattering amplitudesMassless particleScattering amplitudeAmplitudeHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Complex planeGravitation
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Complete integration-by-parts reductions of the non-planar hexagon-box via module intersections

2018

We present the powerful module-intersection integration-by-parts (IBP) method, suitable for multi-loop and multi-scale Feynman integral reduction. Utilizing modern computational algebraic geometry techniques, this new method successfully trims traditional IBP systems dramatically to much simpler integral-relation systems on unitarity cuts. We demonstrate the power of this method by explicitly carrying out the complete analytic reduction of two-loop five-point non-planar hexagon-box integrals, with degree-four numerators, to a basis of 73 master integrals.

High Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsFeynman integralFOS: Physical sciencesAlgebraic geometryTopologyDifferential and Algebraic Geometry; Scattering Amplitudes; Perturbative QCD01 natural sciencesSubatomär fysikReduction (complexity)Mathematics - Algebraic GeometryPlanarHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Subatomic Physics0103 physical sciencesPerturbative QCDFOS: MathematicsIntegration by partsDifferential and Algebraic Geometrylcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity010306 general physicsScattering AmplitudesAlgebraic Geometry (math.AG)PhysicsBasis (linear algebra)Unitarity010308 nuclear & particles physicsPower (physics)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)lcsh:QC770-798Journal of High Energy Physics
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Evaluating Multiple Polylogarithm Values at Sixth Roots of Unity up to Weight Six

2017

We evaluate multiple polylogarithm values at sixth roots of unity up to weight six, i.e. of the form $G(a_1,\ldots,a_w;1)$ where the indices $a_i$ are equal to zero or a sixth root of unity, with $a_1\neq 1$. For $w\leq 6$, we present bases of the linear spaces generated by the real and imaginary parts of $G(a_1,\ldots,a_w;1)$ and present a table for expressing them as linear combinations of the elements of the bases.

High Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPolylogarithmRoot of unityFOS: Physical sciencesFeynman graph01 natural sciencesCombinatoricsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesFOS: Mathematicslcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityNumber Theory (math.NT)0101 mathematicsLinear combinationMathematical PhysicsPhysicsMathematics - Number Theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsLinear space010102 general mathematicsZero (complex analysis)Mathematical Physics (math-ph)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)lcsh:QC770-798
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Observations on the Darboux coordinates for rigid special geometry

2006

We exploit some relations which exist when (rigid) special geometry is formulated in real symplectic special coordinates $P^I=(p^\Lambda,q_\Lambda), I=1,...,2n$. The central role of the real $2n\times 2n$ matrix $M(\Re \mathcal{F},\Im \mathcal{F})$, where $\mathcal{F} = \partial_\Lambda\partial_\Sigma F$ and $F$ is the holomorphic prepotential, is elucidated in the real formalism. The property $M\Omega M=\Omega$ with $\Omega$ being the invariant symplectic form is used to prove several identities in the Darboux formulation. In this setting the matrix $M$ coincides with the (negative of the) Hessian matrix $H(S)=\frac{\partial^2 S}{\partial P^I\partial P^J}$ of a certain hamiltonian real fun…

High Energy Physics - TheoryPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPure mathematicsHolomorphic functionFOS: Physical sciencesKähler manifoldsymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Real-valued functionsymbolsMathematics::Differential GeometryComplex manifoldInvariant (mathematics)Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Mathematics::Symplectic GeometryParticle Physics - TheoryHyperkähler manifoldSymplectic geometryJournal of High Energy Physics
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Gravity, Non-Commutative Geometry and the Wodzicki Residue

1993

We derive an action for gravity in the framework of non-commutative geometry by using the Wodzicki residue. We prove that for a Dirac operator $D$ on an $n$ dimensional compact Riemannian manifold with $n\geq 4$, $n$ even, the Wodzicki residue Res$(D^{-n+2})$ is the integral of the second coefficient of the heat kernel expansion of $D^{2}$. We use this result to derive a gravity action for commutative geometry which is the usual Einstein Hilbert action and we also apply our results to a non-commutative extension which, is given by the tensor product of the algebra of smooth functions on a manifold and a finite dimensional matrix algebra. In this case we obtain gravity with a cosmological co…

High Energy Physics - TheoryPhysicsResidue (complex analysis)General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesGeometryCosmological constantGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Riemannian manifoldDirac operatorGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologysymbols.namesakeGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyTensor productHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Einstein–Hilbert actionsymbolsGeometry and TopologyCommutative propertyMathematical PhysicsHeat kernel
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