Search results for "complex"

showing 10 items of 5889 documents

The use of hydrogels in bone-tissue engineering

2010

Many different types of scaffold materials have been used for tissue engineering applications, and hydrogels form one group of materials that have been used in a wide variety of applications. Hydrogels are hydrophilic polymer networks and they represent an important class of biomaterials in biotechnology and medicine because many hydrogels exhibit excellent biocompatibility with minimal inflammatory responses and tissue damage. Many studies have demonstrated the use of hydrogels in bone-tissue engineering applications. In this report, the summary was conducted on various kinds of polymers and different modification methods of hydrogels to enhance bone formation. The results revealed that hy…

ScaffoldBiocompatibilityTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsChemistrytechnology industry and agricultureNanotechnologyHydrogelsmacromolecular substances:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]complex mixturesBone tissue engineeringBone and BonesOtorhinolaryngologyTissue engineeringTissue damageSelf-healing hydrogelsUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryBone formationBone regenerationGeneral Dentistry
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Development of a morphogenetically active scaffold for three-dimensional growth of bone cells: biosilica-alginate hydrogel for SaOS-2 cell cultivation

2013

Polymeric silica is formed from ortho-silicate during a sol–gel formation process, while biosilica is the product of an enzymatically driven bio-polycondensation reaction. Both polymers have recently been described as a template that induces an increased expression of the genes encoding bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and osteoprotegerin in osteoblast-related SaOS-2 cells; simultaneously or subsequently the cells respond with enhanced hydroxyapatite formation. In order to assess whether the biocompatible polymeric silica/biosilica can serve as a morphogenetically active matrix suitable for three-dimensional (3D) cell growth, or even for 3D cell bioprinting, SaOS-2 cells were embedded i…

ScaffoldCell growthChemistryCelltechnology industry and agricultureBiomedical EngineeringMedicine (miscellaneous)macromolecular substancescomplex mixturesBone morphogenetic protein 2BiomaterialsCollagen type I alpha 1medicine.anatomical_structureBone cellSelf-healing hydrogelsmedicineBiophysicsSaos-2 cellsBiomedical engineeringJournal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
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Response of micro- and macrovascular endothelial cells to starch-based fiber meshes for bone tissue engineering.

2006

The establishment of a functional vasculature is as yet an unrealized milestone in bone reconstruction therapy. For this study, fiber-mesh scaffolds obtained from a blend of starch and poly(caprolactone) (SPCL), that have previously been shown to be an excellent material for the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow cells and thereby represent great potential as constructs for bone regeneration, were examined for endothelial cell (EC) compatibility. To be successfully applied in vivo, this tissue engineered construct should also be able to support the growth of ECs in order to facilitate vascularization and therefore assure the viability of the construct upon implantation. The ma…

ScaffoldMaterials scienceCellular differentiationEndothelial cellsBiophysicsNeovascularization PhysiologicBioengineering02 engineering and technologyComplex MixturesStarch-based scaffoldsCell junctionBone and BonesBone tissue engineeringBiomaterials03 medical and health sciencesmedicineBone regenerationCells Cultured030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesScience & TechnologyTissue EngineeringCell adhesion moleculeVascularizationCell DifferentiationStarch021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCell biologyEndothelial stem cellmedicine.anatomical_structureMechanics of MaterialsCell cultureCeramics and CompositesBone marrowEndothelium Vascular0210 nano-technologyBiomedical engineeringBiomaterials
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A new heterogeneous and reconfigurable architecture for image analysis

1993

In the paper a new architecture for image analysis: HERMIA (Heterogeneous and Reconfigurable Machine for Image Analysis) is presented. It has bt:en developed at the University of Palermo, inside the Progetto Finalizzato of the ltalian Council of Researches (CNR): Sistemi informatici e Calcolo Parallelo. The architecture of the HERMIA-machine is reconfigurable, moreover the integration of heterogeneous module, oriented to the solution of specific problems, allows to salve complex problems by search of optimal strategies. Signa! processing units allows the user to handle and integrate multi-sensors signals (from video, scanner, music recorder). Here the generai architecture, the hardware impl…

ScannerDigital signal processorSignal processingHPC Signal Processing Image Analysis reconfigurable architecture.Settore INF/01 - InformaticaComputer architectureComputer scienceApplications architectureSystem evaluationArchitectureComplex problemsImage (mathematics)
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A novel kind of neutrino oscillation experiment

1994

A novel method to look for neutrino oscillations is proposed based on the elastic scattering process $\bar{\nu}_{i} e^{-}\rightarrow \bar{\nu}_{i} e^{-}$, taking advantage of the dynamical zero present in the differential cross section for $\bar{\nu}_{e} e^{-}\rightarrow \bar{\nu}_{e} e^{-}$. An effective tunable experiment between the "appearance" and "disappearance" limits is made possible. Prospects to exclude the allowed region for atmospheric neutrino oscillations are given.

Scattering cross-sectionPhysicsElastic scatteringNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyZero (complex analysis)FOS: Physical sciencesFísicaHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics::ExperimentAtmospheric neutrinoNeutrino oscillationBar (unit)
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<‘γ*N→Δtransition form factors: A new analysis of data onp(e,e′p)π0atQ2=2.8and4.0 (GeV/c)2

2001

Recent JLab data of the differential cross section for the reaction ${p(e,e}^{\ensuremath{'}}p){\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ in the invariant mass region of $1.1lWl1.4 \mathrm{GeV}$ at four-momentum transfer squared ${Q}^{2}=2.8$ and $4.0 (\mathrm{GeV}{/c)}^{2}$ are analyzed with two models, both of which give an excellent description of most of the existing pion electroproduction data below $Wl1.5 \mathrm{GeV}.$ We find that at up to ${Q}^{2}=4.0 (\mathrm{GeV}{/c)}^{2},$ the extracted helicity amplitudes ${A}_{3/2}$ and ${A}_{/2}$ remain comparable with each other, implying that hadronic helicity is not conserved at this range of ${Q}^{2}.$ The ratios ${E}_{1+}{/M}_{1+}$ obtained show, starting …

Scattering cross-sectionPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMeson productionPionHadronZero (complex analysis)High Energy Physics::ExperimentInvariant massNuclear ExperimentNuclear theoryHelicityPhysical Review C
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An adaptive multimeme algorithm for designing HIV multidrug therapies.

2007

This paper proposes a period representation for modeling the multidrug HIV therapies and an Adaptive Multimeme Algorithm (AMmA) for designing the optimal therapy. The period representation offers benefits in terms of flexibility and reduction in dimensionality compared to the binary representation. The AMmA is a memetic algorithm which employs a list of three local searchers adaptively activated by an evolutionary framework. These local searchers, having different features according to the exploration logic and the pivot rule, have the role of exploring the decision space from different and complementary perspectives and, thus, assisting the standard evolutionary operators in the optimizati…

ScheduleMathematical optimizationComputer scienceAnti-HIV AgentsHIV therapy designAdaptive algorithms; HIV therapy design; Memetic algorithms; Nonlinear integer programming; Algorithms; Anti-HIV Agents; Biomimetics; Computer Simulation; Drug Combinations; Drug Design; Drug Therapy Computer-Assisted; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunity Innate; Models ImmunologicalHIV InfectionsReduction (complexity)Computer-AssistedDrug TherapyModelsBiomimeticsGeneticsInnateHumansComputer SimulationRepresentation (mathematics)MetaheuristicStatistical hypothesis testingFlexibility (engineering)Applied MathematicsNonlinear integer programmingImmunityModels ImmunologicalAdaptive algorithmsImmunity InnateDrug Therapy Computer-AssistedDrug CombinationsImmunologicalDrug DesignMemetic algorithmsMemetic algorithmAlgorithmAlgorithmsBiotechnologyPremature convergenceIEEE/ACM transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics
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A Learning Automata Based Solution to Service Selection in Stochastic Environments

2010

Published version of a paper published in the book: Trends in Applied Intelligent Systems. Also available on SpringerLink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13033-5_22 With the abundance of services available in today’s world, identifying those of high quality is becoming increasingly difficult. Reputation systems can offer generic recommendations by aggregating user provided opinions about service quality, however, are prone to ballot stuffing and badmouthing . In general, unfair ratings may degrade the trustworthiness of reputation systems, and changes in service quality over time render previous ratings unreliable. In this paper, we provide a novel solution to the above problems based …

Scheme (programming language)Computational complexity theoryComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subject0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technologyMachine learningcomputer.software_genreComputer security01 natural sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringQuality (business)Simplicitymedia_commoncomputer.programming_languageService qualityLearning automatabusiness.industryVDP::Technology: 500::Information and communication technology: 550VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Information and communication science: 420::Knowledge based systems: 425010201 computation theory & mathematics020201 artificial intelligence & image processingStochastic optimizationArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerReputation
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An Anonymous Delegatable Attribute-based Credential Scheme for a Collaborative E-health Environment

2019

We propose an efficient anonymous, attribute-based credential scheme capable of provisioning multi-level credential delegations. It is integrated with a mechanism to revoke the anonymity of credentials for resolving access disputes and making users accountable for their actions. The proposed scheme has a lower end-user computational complexity in comparison to existing credential schemes with delegatability and has a comparable level of performance with the credential standards of U-Prove and Idemix. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the proposed scheme can be applied to a collaborative e-health environment to provide its users with the necessary anonymous access with delegation capabilities.

Scheme (programming language)Computational complexity theoryDelegationComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subject020206 networking & telecommunicationsProvisioning02 engineering and technologyComputer securitycomputer.software_genreCredentialComputingMilieux_MANAGEMENTOFCOMPUTINGANDINFORMATIONSYSTEMS0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETYcomputermedia_commoncomputer.programming_languageAnonymityACM Transactions on Internet Technology
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Upper bound on the communication complexity of private information retrieval

1997

We construct a scheme for private information retrieval with k databases and communication complexity O(n 1/(2k−1) ).

Scheme (programming language)Information retrievalTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceBoolean circuitConstruct (python library)Communication complexityUpper and lower boundscomputerPrivate information retrievalcomputer.programming_language
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