Search results for "complex"

showing 10 items of 5889 documents

A Neural Network model for the Evaluation of Text Complexity in Italian Language: a Representation Point of View

2018

Abstract The goal of a text simplification system (TS) is to create a new text suited to the characteristics of a reader, with the final goal of making it more understandable.The building of an Automatic Text Simplification System (ATS) cannot be separated from a correct evaluation of the text complexity. In fact the ATS must be capable of understanding if a text should be simplified for the target reader or not. In a previous work we have presented a model capable of classifying Italian sentences based on their complexity level. Our model is a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Network capable of learning the features of easy-to-read and complex-to-read sentences autonomously from a anno…

Scheme (programming language)Text simplificationComputer science02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genreEvaluation Sentence ComplexityText Simplification0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringWord2vecRepresentation (mathematics)General Environmental Sciencecomputer.programming_languageNatural Language Processing060201 languages & linguisticsDeep Neural NetworksArtificial neural networkPoint (typography)business.industry06 humanities and the artsDeep Neural NetworksEvaluation Sentence ComplexityNatural Language ProcessingSentence ClassificationText SimplificationSentence Classification0602 languages and literatureComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGGeneral Earth and Planetary Sciences020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerFeature learningNatural language processingSentence
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Isolation of Four New CoII/CoIII and NiII Complexes with a Pentadentate Schiff Base Ligand: Syntheses, Structural Descriptions and Magnetic Studies

2011

In this paper we report the temperature and pH dependent syntheses and systematic characterization of four new Co(II)/Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes with a pentadentate Schiff base ligand H(3)L obtained by condensing 1,3,-diaminopropan-2-ol with 2-hydroxyacetophenone in 1:2 molar ratio. The room temperature syntheses involving Co(II) and Ni(II) nitrates and the ligand H(3)L lead to the isolation of the dinuclear species [Co(2)L(2)(H(2)O)] (1), and the mononuclear complex [Ni(LH)] (3), respectively, whereas refluxing at basic pH leads to the tetranuclear complexes, [Co(II)(2)Co(III)(2)L(2)(μ(3)-OMe)(2)(NO(3))(H(2)O)(2)]NO(3)·2(H(2)O) (2), and [Ni(4)L(2)(μ(3)-OMe)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·2H(2)O (4). 1 is…

Schiff BaseSchiff baseLigandChemistryStereochemistryCoII/CoIII ComplexPh dependentMagnetic susceptibilityNiII ComplexInorganic ChemistrySolventCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundFerromagnetismcrystal StructureMolar ratioCoII/CoIII Complex; NiII Complex; crystal Structure; Schiff BaseMethanol
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Oxovanadium(IV) complexes with [ONNO]-chelating ligands as catalysts for ethylene homo- and copolymerization

2014

Oxovanadium(IV) complexes with (ONNO)-type tetradentate Schiff base ligands: salen, acacen, aceten, acetph (H2salen = N,N'-ethylenebis(salicylideneimine), H2aceten = N,N'-ethylenebis(2-hydroxyacetophenoneimine), H2acacen = N,N'-ethylenebis(acetylacetonimine), H 2 acetph = N ,N ' -phenylene-1,2-b is (2-hydroxyacetophenoneimine)), were the first time investi- gated in ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-octene copo- lymerization processes. In general, all these complexes are moderately active precatalyst for ethylene polymerization up- on activation with EtAlCl2 and they give high molecular weight linear polyethylenes. Their activity in copolymeriza- tion was found relatively low. However,…

Schiff base ligandsMaterials scienceSchiff baseEthylenePolymers and PlasticsLigandMagnesiumComonomerOrganic Chemistryoxovanadium(IV) complexeschemistry.chemical_elementCatalysisZiegler-Nattacopolymerizationchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymerizationpolymerizationPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerpolyolefinsJournal of Polymer Research
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Selective G-quadruplex stabilizers: Schiff-base metal complexes with anticancer activity

2014

The affinity of three square-planar nickel(II) (1), copper(II) (2) and zinc(II) (3) Schiff-base complexes for wild-type human telomeric (h-Telo) and protooncogene c-myc G-quadruplex (G4) DNA was investigated by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and circular dichroism. DNA-binding constants (Kb) were determined by spectrophotometric titrations for both G4-DNA and B-DNA. The results obtained point out that the three metal complexes selectively bind G4-DNA with higher affinity, up to two orders of magnitude, with respect to B-DNA. The nickel(II) complex 1 was found to be the most effective G4-DNA stabilizer and the Kb values decrease in the order 1 > 2 ≈ 3. Innovative computational investigat…

Schiff base metal complexes Nickel Copper Zinc Spectroscopy Computational Chemistry.Circular dichroismSchiff basebiologyChemistryStereochemistryGeneral Chemical Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementBiological activityGeneral ChemistryZincG-quadruplexbiology.organism_classificationSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaMetalHeLachemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyG-quadruplex DNASettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaSettore BIO/10 - Biochimicavisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDNARSC Adv.
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Unprecedented reactivity of a Schiff base ligand in the co-ordination sphere of copper(I) complex towards β-diketones. Synthesis and X-ray characteri…

2002

International audience; The reactions of the copper(I) derivative [CuL(THF)(CH3CN)]PF6 (1), in which L is the di-imine/pyridine ligand 2,6-bis[1-(2,6-diisopropylphenylimino)ethyl]pyridine, with different β-diketones (2,4-pentanedione (acacH), 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione (dbm)) yielded the new Cu(I) salt [CuL′2]PF6 (2) (L′: 2-[acetyl]-6-[1-(2,6-diisopropylphenylimino)ethyl]pyridine). These reactions of β-diketones with a di-imine/pyridine ligand co-ordinated to a Cu(I) centre constitute the first example of a partial hydrolysis of such a Schiff base within the inner sphere of a Cu centre. Compound 2·acaH has been characterised by X-ray crystallography. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All righ…

Schiff base010405 organic chemistryLigandStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureSchiff base complexesInner sphere electron transfer010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryCopper0104 chemical sciencesInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCrystal structuresPyridineMaterials Chemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryCopper complexesDerivative (chemistry)Inorganica Chimica Acta
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(S)-2-[(2-Hydroxybenzyl)azaniumyl]-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoate

2011

The zwitterionic title compound, C12H17NO3S, is a reduced Schiff base derived from (S)-N-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)methionine. An intramolecular interaction between the N—H and carboxylate groups forms a roughly planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.1405 Å) five-membered ring containing the H(N), N, Cα, C(carboxylate) and O atoms in a pentagonal conformation. In the crystal, a supramolecular triangle-shaped motif is generated by molecules held together by O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

Schiff baseCrystallographyChemistryStereochemistryHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaCondensed Matter PhysicsRing (chemistry)Organic PapersCrystalConformation Crystal structure AMINO COMPLEXES DERIVATIVES LIGANDS ACIDS MODELchemistry.chemical_compoundQD901-999Settore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E Inorganicasingle-crystal X-ray studyGeneral Materials Science
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Ethylene homo- and copolymerization catalyzed by vanadium, zirconium, and titanium complexes having potentially tridentate Schiff base ligands

2021

Abstract New potentially tridentate Schiff base ligands, 2-[({4-[(3-N,N-dimethylamino)propyl] phenyl}imino)methyl]-4,6-di-tert-butylphenol (L1H) and 2-[{2-(N-phenyl-N-methylaminomethyl)-phenylimino}-methyl]-4,6-di-tert-butylophenol (L2H) were prepared and after deprotonation they were reacted with VOCl3 or MCl4 (where M = Zr or Ti) to produce corresponding complexes (L1-V, L2-V, L1-Zr, L2-Ti) with good yields. All new compounds were characterized by the 1H and 13C NMR as well as FTIR spectroscopic methods. Upon activation with Et2AlCl or EtAlCl2, both the vanadium complexes exhibited exceptionally high catalytic activities in the ethylene polymerization (up to 69,000 kg/(molV⋅h) for L1-V an…

Schiff baseEthylene010405 organic chemistryComonomerVanadiumchemistry.chemical_elementChain transferVanadium complexZiegler-Natta polymerization010402 general chemistryShiff base ligand01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesCatalysisEthylenechemistry.chemical_compoundDeprotonationchemistryChemical composition distributionCopolymerizationPolymer chemistry1-octeneCopolymerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryJournal of Catalysis
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Ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone initiated by titanium and vanadium complexes of ONO-type schiff base ligand

2021

AbstractA phenoxy-imine proligand with the additional OH donor group, 4,6-tBu2-2-(2-CH2(OH)-C6H4N = CH)C6H3OH (LH2), was synthesized and used to prepare group 4 and 5 complexes by reacting with Ti(OiPr)4 (LTi) and VO(OiPr)3 (LV). All new compounds were characterized by the FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and LTi by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The complexes were used as catalysts in the ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. The influence of monomer/transition metal molar ratio, reaction time, polymerization temperature as well as complex type was investigated in detail. The complexes showed high (LTi) and moderate (LV) activity in ε-caprolactone polymerization a…

Schiff baseMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsRing-opening polymerizationOrganic ChemistryTridentate phenoxy-imine ligandVanadiumchemistry.chemical_elementVanadium complexRing-opening polymerizationCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerchemistryTransition metalPolymerizationPolymer chemistryTitanium complexMaterials Chemistryε-caprolactoneCaprolactoneJournal of Polymer Research
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Organic coating on biochar explains its nutrient retention and stimulation of soil fertility

2017

Amending soil with biochar (pyrolized biomass) is suggested as a globally applicable approach to address climate change and soil degradation by carbon sequestration, reducing soil-borne greenhouse-gas emissions and increasing soil nutrient retention. Biochar was shown to promote plant growth, especially when combined with nutrient-rich organic matter, e.g., co-composted biochar. Plant growth promotion was explained by slow release of nutrients, although a mechanistic understanding of nutrient storage in biochar is missing. Here we identify a complex, nutrient-rich organic coating on co-composted biochar that covers the outer and inner (pore) surfaces of biochar particles using high-resoluti…

ScienceSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaGeneral Physics and AstronomyBiomass010501 environmental sciencesCarbon sequestrationengineering.materialcomplex mixtures01 natural sciencesArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPhysics and Astronomy (all)NutrientCoatingSoil retrogression and degradationBiocharOrganic matterlcsh:Science0105 earth and related environmental sciences2. Zero hungerchemistry.chemical_classificationBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)MultidisciplinaryQChemistry (all)fungi04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Chemistry15. Life on landchemistryAgronomy13. Climate actionEnvironmental chemistry040103 agronomy & agricultureengineering0401 agriculture forestry and fisherieslcsh:QChemistry (all); Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Physics and Astronomy (all)Soil fertilityNature Communications
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Effect of substrate and seagrass habitat complexity on detritus colonization and decomposition in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (Thau Lagoon, France…

2019

Seagrass habitat complexity Mediterranean lagoon AmphipodaSettore BIO/05 - Zoologia
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