Search results for "complex"

showing 10 items of 5889 documents

Albumin-driven disassembly of lipidic nanoparticles: the specific case of the squalene-adenosine nanodrug

2020

International audience; In the field of nanomedicine, nanostructured nanoparticles (NPs) made of self-assembling prodrugs emerged in the recent years with promising properties. In particular, squalene-based drug nanoparticles have already shown their efficiency through in vivo experiments. However, a complete pattern of their stability and interactions in the blood stream is still lacking. In this work we assess the behavior of squalene-adenosine (SQAd) nanoparticles-whose neuroprotective effect has already been demonstrated in murine models-in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) and of bovine serum albumin (BSA), the main protein of blood plasma. Extensive physicochemical characteriza…

SqualeneAdenosinecomplexationserum albuminSerum albumin02 engineering and technologyPlasma protein binding010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMiceDrug StabilitymedicineAnimalsHumansGeneral Materials ScienceProdrugsColloidsBovine serum albuminComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSBinding Sitesbiology[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryChemistryAlbuminIsothermal titration calorimetry[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyHuman serum albumindisassembly0104 chemical sciencesnanodrugbiology.proteinBiophysicsNanomedicineNanoparticles0210 nano-technologyFetal bovine serummedicine.drugProtein Binding
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A branch-and-cut algorithm for the soft-clustered vehicle-routing problem

2021

Abstract The soft-clustered vehicle-routing problem is a variant of the classical capacitated vehicle-routing problem (CVRP) in which customers are partitioned into clusters and all customers of the same cluster must be served by the same vehicle. We introduce a novel symmetric formulation of the problem in which the clustering part is modeled with an asymmetric sub-model. We solve the new model with a branch-and-cut algorithm exploiting some known valid inequalities for the CVRP that can be adapted. In addition, we derive problem-specific cutting planes and new heuristic and exact separation procedures. For square grid instances in the Euclidean plane, we provide lower-bounding techniques …

Square tilingHeuristic (computer science)Applied Mathematics0211 other engineering and technologies021107 urban & regional planning0102 computer and information sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesTravelling salesman problemReduction (complexity)010201 computation theory & mathematicsVehicle routing problemBenchmark (computing)Discrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsCluster analysisBranch and cutAlgorithmMathematicsDiscrete Applied Mathematics
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Active monetary policy and instability in a phillips curve system

1998

The presence of nonlinearities in a Phillips curve system yields to complex dynamics, i.e., cyclical behavior that may (under some parametric set) become chaotic. This paper extends these conclusions by including an active monetary policy. We show how stabilization policy may lead to amplified instabilities and that agents' expectations tend to play a key role in the amount of these instabilities.

Stabilization policyEconomics and EconometricsComplex dynamicsKeynesian economicsMonetary policyChaoticEconomicsPhillips curveInstabilityParametric statisticsJournal of Macroeconomics
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Invariant aspects in M-commerce environments

2005

Mobile phones and other small and powerful portable devices have revolutionized personal communication and affected the lifestyles of the people in the industrialized world. Following credible estimates, in a few years there will over two - billions of such portable devices in use. An emerging trend is the electronic commerce performed using mobile terminals over wireless networks, often called mobile commerce or M-commerce. Mobile commerce environments are characterized by high complexity, including myriads of technical and organizational aspects. This property makes it difficult to distinguish the more fundamental issues, structures, and concepts in mobile commerce from the hype. To captu…

Standardizationbusiness.industryComputer scienceWireless networkMobile commerceMobile computingBusiness modelHigh complexitymedia_common.cataloged_instanceInvariant (mathematics)European unionTelecommunicationsbusinessmedia_commonProceedings of the 6th international conference on Mobile data management
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The Shuffle Product: New Research Directions

2015

In this paper we survey some recent researches concerning the shuffle operation that arise both in Formal Languages and in Combinatorics on Words.

Star-free languageComputer scienceProgramming languageComputer Science (all)Computer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)computer.software_genreIntermixed languageTheoretical Computer ScienceCombinatorics on wordsTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYProduct (mathematics)Formal languageShuffle squarecomputerShuffle
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Analysis of multi degree of freedom systems with fractional derivative elements of rational order

2014

In this paper a novel method based on complex eigenanalysis in the state variables domain is proposed to uncouple the set of rational order fractional differential equations governing the dynamics of multi-degree-of-freedom system. The traditional complex eigenanalysis is appropriately modified to be applicable to the coupled fractional differential equations. This is done by expanding the dimension of the problem and solving the system in the state variable domain. Examples of applications are given pertaining to multi-degree-of-freedom systems under both deterministic and stochastic loads.

State variableMathematical optimizationDifferential equationcomplex eigenvalue analysiRational functionfrequency domain analysisDomain (mathematical analysis)Fractional calculusfractional state variablesymbols.namesakeFourier transformDimension (vector space)Multi-degree-of-freedom systems; complex eigenvalue analysis; fractional state variables; frequency domain analysisFrequency domainsymbolsMulti-degree-of-freedom systemSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniMathematics
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Statistical correlation of fractional oscillator response by complex spectral moments and state variable expansion

2016

Abstract The statistical characterization of the oscillator response with non-integer order damping under Gaussian noise represents an important challenge in the modern stochastic mechanics. In fact, this kind of problem appears in several issues of different type (wave propagation in viscoelastic media, Brownian motion, fluid dynamics, RLC circuit, etc.). The aim of this paper is to provide a stochastic characterization of the stationary response of linear fractional oscillator forced by normal white noise. In particular, this paper shows a new method to obtain the correlation function by exact complex spectral moments. These complex quantities contain all the information to describe the r…

State variableNon-Newtonian damping Fractional-order state variables Analytical stationary variance Exact complex spectral moments02 engineering and technologyFractional-order state variable01 natural sciencesAnalytical stationary variance010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesake0203 mechanical engineering0103 physical sciencesExact complex spectral momentNumerical AnalysiBrownian motionMathematicsNumerical AnalysisMellin transformStochastic processApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisWhite noiseNon-Newtonian dampingMoment (mathematics)Correlation function (statistical mechanics)020303 mechanical engineering & transportsGaussian noiseModeling and Simulationsymbols
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Unary Probabilistic and Quantum Automata on Promise Problems

2015

We continue the systematic investigation of probabilistic and quantum finite automata (PFAs and QFAs) on promise problems by focusing on unary languages. We show that bounded-error QFAs are more powerful than PFAs. But, in contrary to the binary problems, the computational powers of Las-Vegas QFAs and bounded-error PFAs are equivalent to deterministic finite automata (DFAs). Lastly, we present a new family of unary promise problems with two parameters such that when fixing one parameter QFAs can be exponentially more succinct than PFAs and when fixing the other parameter PFAs can be exponentially more succinct than DFAs.

State-transition matrixDiscrete mathematicsDeterministic finite automatonUnary operationMarkov chainUnary languageProbabilistic logicQuantum finite automataBinary numberComputer Science::Computational ComplexityComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryMathematics
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High-frequency trading and networked markets

2021

Financial markets have undergone a deep reorganization during the last 20 y. A mixture of technological innovation and regulatory constraints has promoted the diffusion of market fragmentation and high-frequency trading. The new stock market has changed the traditional ecology of market participants and market professionals, and financial markets have evolved into complex sociotechnical institutions characterized by a great heterogeneity in the time scales of market members’ interactions that cover more than eight orders of magnitude. We analyze three different datasets for two highly studied market venues recorded in 2004 to 2006, 2010 to 2011, and 2018. Using methods of complex network th…

Statistically validated networks050208 financeMultidisciplinarySociotechnical systemFinancial markets05 social sciencesFinancial marketEvolutionary Models of Financial Markets Special FeatureComplex networksMonetary economicsComplex networkSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Market liquidity0502 economics and businessPortfolioStock marketBusiness050207 economicsHigh-frequency tradingHigh-frequency tradingStock (geology)Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Marginal hazard ratio estimates in joint frailty models for heart failure trials

2019

Abstract This work is motivated by clinical trials in chronic heart failure disease, where treatment has effects both on morbidity (assessed as recurrent non‐fatal hospitalisations) and on mortality (assessed as cardiovascular death, CV death). Recently, a joint frailty proportional hazards model has been proposed for these kind of efficacy outcomes to account for a potential association between the risk rates for hospital admissions and CV death. However, more often clinical trial results are presented by treatment effect estimates that have been derived from marginal proportional hazards models, that is, a Cox model for mortality and an Andersen–Gill model for recurrent hospitalisations. …

Statistics and ProbabilityBiometryleast false parameterDiseasejoint frailty modelRisk AssessmentStudy durationCardiovascular deathunexplained heterogeneitymedicineHumansTreatment effectComplex Regression ModelsProportional Hazards ModelsHeart FailureClinical Trials as TopicProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryheart failure trialsHazard ratioGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseClinical trialrecurrent eventsHeart failureAsymptomatic DiseasesStatistics Probability and UncertaintybusinessDemographyResearch PaperBiometrical Journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift
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