Search results for "complex"

showing 10 items of 5889 documents

Changes in soil microbial activity and physicochemical properties in agricultural soils in Eastern Spain

2015

Agricultural land management greatly affects soil properties. Microbial soil communities are the most sensitive and rapid indicators of perturbations in land use and soil enzyme activities are sensitive biological indicators of the effects of soil management practices. Citrus orchards frequently have degraded soils and this paper evaluates how land management in citrus orchards can improve soil quality. A field experiment was performed in an orchard of orange trees (<em>Citrus Sinensis</em>) in the Alcoleja Experimental Station (Eastern Spain) with clay-loam agricultural soils to assess the long-term effects of herbicides with inorganic fertilizers (H), intensive ploughing and i…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSoil testAgroforestrySoil organic matterSoil biologySoil Sciencecomplex mixturesSoil qualitySoil managementSoil respirationchemistryAgronomySoil waterEnvironmental scienceOrganic matterSpanish Journal of Soil Science
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Responses of soil carbon and nitrogen transformations to stump removal

2012

We studied in central Finland whether stump harvesting after clear felling of coniferous forest poses further short-term changes in soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics when compared to the traditional site preparation method, mounding. Exposed mineral soil patches in Norway spruce (Picea abies) dominated clear-cut stands were sampled 1–5 years after the treatments. The extent of the exposed mineral soil surface was significantly larger at the stump removal sites when compared to the mounding sites. No differences were found in soil pH, organic matter content or total concentration of soil C between the treatments or treatment years. Total concentration of soil N was consistently higher and …

chemistry.chemical_classificationSoil testEcological ModelingSoil organic matterfungiForestrySoil classificationSoil scienceSoil carbondigestive systemcomplex mixturesSoil qualitybody regionssurgical procedures operativeAgronomychemistrySoil pHStump harvestinglcsh:SD1-669.5Environmental scienceOrganic matterlcsh:ForestrySilva Fennica
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Sorption of Hydrocarbons on Peat, and Possibilities for Using Peat-Based Oil Sorbent for Treatment of Polluted Areas

2017

The growing use and transport of crude oil and oil products has led to an increasing amount of spillages of various scales. In the event of an oil spill, it is important to stop the spill from spreading and to clean up the polluted environment. One of the possible ways of treating the polluted areas is the use of oil sorbents. The sorbents used for collecting oil in case of oil spills are mostly synthetic, which limits the possibilities of their disposal. The aim of our study is to investigate the possible use of peat and its modification products for oil and other hydrocarbon sorption. Peat is a prospective material for oil sorption because it has such advantages as low cost, biodegradabil…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSorbentPeatHydrocarbonchemistrySpecific surface areaEnvironmental chemistryEnvironmental scienceSorptionBiodegradationPorositycomplex mixturesDecompositionLinnaeus Eco-Tech
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Cu2+ Coordination Properties of a 2-Pyridine Heptaamine Tripod: Characterization and Binding Mechanism

2009

The synthesis, protonation, and Cu(2+) coordination chemistry of a tripodal heptaamine ligand (L(1)) functionalized with 2-pyridine fragments at the ends of its three branches are reported. L(1) presents six relatively high protonation constants followed by much more reduced constant that as indicated by the UV-vis and NMR data, occur on the pyridine fragments. p[H]-metric, ESI/MS(+), EPR and UV-vis data show that L(1) is able to form mono-, di-, and trinuclear Cu(2+) complexes. Slippage movements and molecular reorganizations have been observed to occur as a function of p[H] in the 1:1 Cu(2+) complexes. The kinetic studies showed that the complex formation is fast and proceeds through a di…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationMolecular StructurePyridinesStereochemistryTripod (photography)ProtonationHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationLigandsKinetic energyAcid excesslaw.inventionCoordination complexInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyReaction rate constantchemistrylawPyridinePolyaminesProtonsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryElectron paramagnetic resonanceCopperInorganic Chemistry
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Dinuclear copper(II) complexes as testing ground for molecular magnetism theory

2019

Abstract A leitmotiv in the field of molecular magnetism is the study of the electron exchange (EE) magnetic interactions among distant metal centers through the corresponding bridging ligands in polynuclear coordination compounds. The present review provides a historical perspective on the use of dinuclear copper(II) complexes with either simple inorganic or extended organic bridging ligands as experimental and theoretical models for the fundamental research on the relative importance of the spin delocalization and spin polarization mechanisms of the EE interaction across σ- and π-type orbital pathways. Particular focus is placed on the work by Professor Miguel Julve, outstanding researche…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSpin polarization010405 organic chemistryMagnetismElectron exchangeTheoretical modelschemistry.chemical_element010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCopper0104 chemical sciencesCoordination complexInorganic ChemistryDelocalized electronCrystallographychemistryMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPolyhedron
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Direct monitoring of spin state in dinuclear iron(II) coordination compounds

2001

So far there has been no direct method to determine the spin state of molecules in dinuclear iron(II) compounds. The molecular fractions of high-spin (HS) and low-spin (LS) species have been deduced from magnetic susceptibility and zero-field Mossbauer spectroscopy data irrespective of whether they belong to LS–LS, LS–HS and HS–HS pairs. However, the distinction of pairs becomes possible if Mossbauer measurements are carried out in an external magnetic field. The proposed method opens new possibilities in the study of spin crossover phenomena in dinuclear compounds.

chemistry.chemical_classificationSpin statesChemistryDirect methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyMagnetic susceptibilityCoordination complexMagnetic fieldCrystallographyNuclear magnetic resonanceSpin crossoverMössbauer spectroscopyMoleculeCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryChemical Physics Letters
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Spin-State-Dependent Redox-Catalytic Activity of a Switchable Iron(II) Complex

2017

The spin state of catalytically active 3d metal centers plays a significant role for their activity in enzymatic processes and organometallic catalysis. Here we report on the catalytic activity of a Fe(II) coordination compound that can undergo a cooperative switch between low-spin (LS) and high-spin (HS) states. Catalytic measurements within 291 - 318 K temperature region reveal a drastic drop of the catalytic activity upon conversion of metallic centers from the LS to the HS form. For a thermoswitchable [Fe(NH2trz)3]Br2 complex (Tup = 305 K), an activation energy is found to be considerably lower for the LS state (158 kJ mol-1) comparing to the HS state (305 kJ mol-1). Mossbauer analysis …

chemistry.chemical_classificationSpin statesInorganic chemistry02 engineering and technologyActivation energy010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyHeterogeneous catalysis01 natural sciencesRedox0104 chemical sciencesCoordination complexCatalysisInorganic ChemistryMetalCrystallographychemistrySpin crossovervisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technologyEuropean Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
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Experimental Investigations and ab Initio Studies on Hexacoordinated Complexes of Dichlorosilane

1998

Dichlorosilane, SiH2Cl2, forms two different kinds of coordination compounds with pyridine and 3-picoline:  the simple adduct trans-SiH2Cl2(L)2 and the ionic complex [SiH2(L)4]Cl2·4CHCl3 (L = pyridine, 3-picoline). The adducts trans-SiH2Cl2(py)2, 1, and trans-SiH2Cl2(3pic)2, 2, form directly from the reaction of bis(dichlorosilyl)methylamine, NMe(SiHCl2)2 with pyridine (py), and 3-picoline (3pic). Reaction of 1 with an excess of pyridine in chloroform yielded [SiH2(py)4]Cl2·4CHCl3, 3. The molecular and crystal structures of 1−3 were investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Si atoms of all three compounds are hexacoordinated and lie on centers of inversion. The basic structural …

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryAb initioDichlorosilaneGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureTriclinic crystal systemBiochemistryCatalysisCoordination complexAdductchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryPyridineMonoclinic crystal systemJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Bimetallic Cyanide-Bridged Complexes Based on the Photochromic Nitroprusside Anion and Paramagnetic Metal Complexes. Syntheses, Structures, and Physi…

2000

The synthesis, crystal structure, and physical characterization of the coordination compounds [Ni(en)2]4[Fe(CN)5NO]2[Fe(CN)6]x5H2O (1), [Ni(en)2][Fe(CN)5NO]x3H2O (2), [Mn(3-MeOsalen)(H2O)]2[Fe(CN)5NO] (3), and [Mn(5-Brsalen)]2[Fe(CN)5NO] (4) are presented. 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n (a = 7.407(4) A, b = 28.963(6) A, c = 14.744(5) A, alpha = 90 degrees, beta = 103.26(4) degrees, gamma = 90 degrees, Z = 2). Its structure consists of branched linear chains formed by cis-[Ni(en)2]2+ cations and ferrocyanide and nitroprusside anions. The presence of two kinds of iron(II) sites has been demonstrated by Mossbauer spectroscopy. 2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group …

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryCrystal structureTriclinic crystal systemCoordination complexInorganic ChemistryMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryvisual_artMössbauer spectroscopyvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFerrocyanideBimetallic stripMonoclinic crystal systemInorganic Chemistry
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Recognition-Directed Supramolecular Assemblies of Metal Complexes of Terpyridine Derived Ligands with Self-Complementary Hydrogen Bonding Sites

2000

The synthesis and X-ray structures of three metal complexes with terpyridine-derived ligands that contain amino-pyrimidine and amino-pyrazine moieties are presented. They have been designed in view of directing their self-assembly into specific supramolecular arrays through molecular recognition interactions. The solid-state structures indeed reveal extensive hydrogen-bonded networks. The Co complex 4a with PF6- counterions builds a two-dimensional infinite interwoven grid through strong double hydrogen bonds (d(N-H-N) =2.918-3.018 A) between the amino groups and the N atoms of the rings, with all H-bonding sites saturated. Changing the anions to BF4- in 4b leads to a similar infinite but p…

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistrySupramolecular chemistryGeneral ChemistryCrystal engineeringCatalysisCoordination complexSupramolecular assemblySupramolecular polymerschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyMolecular recognitionchemistryTerpyridineChemistry
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