Search results for "computational"

showing 10 items of 5884 documents

Complexes of Glycolic Acid with Nitrogen Isolated in Argon Matrices. I. Structures and Thermal Effects.

2019

Molecular complexes between glycolic acid and nitrogen were studied in a low-temperature argon matrix with FTIR spectroscopy, and supported by MP2 and BLYPD3 calculations. The calculations indicate 11 and 10 stable complex structures at the MP2 and BLYPD3 levels of theories, respectively. However, only one hydrogen-bonded complex structure involving the most stable SSC conformer of glycolic acid was found experimentally, where the nitrogen molecule is bound with the carboxylic OH group of the SSC conformer. The complex shows a rich site structure variation upon deposition of the matrix in different temperatures and upon annealing experiments, which provide interesting prospects for site-sel…

hydrogen bondMolecular StructureNitrogenmatrix isolationHydrogen Bondingcomputational chemistryArticlevibrational spectroscopyGlycolateslcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistrySpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredThermodynamicscarboxylic acidArgonMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)
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Experimental FTIR-MI and Theoretical Studies of Isocyanic Acid Aggregates

2023

Homoaggregates of isocyanic acid (HNCO) were studied using FTIR spectroscopy combined with a low-temperature matrix isolation technique and quantum chemical calculations. Computationally, the structures of the HNCO dimers and trimers were optimized at the MP2, B3LYPD3 and B2PLYPD3 levels of theory employing the 6-311++G(3df,3pd) basis set. Topological analysis of the electron density (AIM) was used to identify the type of non-covalent interactions in the studied aggregates. Five stable minima were located on the potential energy surface for (HNCO)2, and nine were located on the potential energy surface for (HNCO)3. The most stable dimer (D1) involves a weak, almost linear N-H⋯N hydrog…

hydrogen bondatmospheric chemistryvetysidoksetOrganic ChemistryspektroskopiaPharmaceutical ScienceHNCOintermolecular interactionlaskennallinen kemiasolid argoncomputational chemistrymatrix isolation (MI)vibrational spectroscopyAnalytical Chemistryilmakemiamolecular complexChemistry (miscellaneous)Drug DiscoveryMolecular MedicinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFourier transform infrared (FTIR)Molecules
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Matrix Isolation FTIR and Theoretical Study of Weakly Bound Complexes of Isocyanic Acid with Nitrogen.

2021

Weak complexes of isocyanic acid (HNCO) with nitrogen were studied computationally employing MP2, B2PLYPD3 and B3LYPD3 methods and experimentally by FTIR matrix isolation technique. The results show that HNCO interacts specifically with N2. For the 1:1 stoichiometry, three stable minima were located on the potential energy surface. The most stable of them involves a weak, almost linear hydrogen bond from the NH group of the acid molecule to nitrogen molecule lone pair. Two other structures are bound by van der Waals interactions of N⋯N and C⋯N types. The 1:2 and 2:1 HNCO complexes with nitrogen were computationally tracked as well. Similar types of interactions as in the 1:1 complexes were …

hydrogen bondatmospheric chemistryvetysidoksetspektroskopiahapotOrganic chemistryHNCOlaskennallinen kemiacomputational chemistryArticlevibrational spectroscopyilmakemiaQD241-441molecular complexvan der Waals interactionMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)
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Structure and IR Spectroscopic Properties of HNCO Complexes with SO

2021

FTIR spectroscopy was combined with the matrix isolation technique and quantum chemical calculations with the aim of studying complexes of isocyanic acid with sulfur dioxide. The structures of the HNCO⋯SO2 complexes of 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 stoichiometry were optimized at the MP2, B3LYPD3, B2PLYPD3 levels of theory with the 6-311++G(3df,3pd) basis set. Five stable 1:1 HNCO⋯SO2 complexes were found. Three of them contain a weak N-H⋯O hydrogen bond, whereas two other structures are stabilized by van der Waals interactions. The analysis of the HNCO/SO2/Ar spectra after deposition indicates that mostly the 1:1 hydrogen-bonded complexes are present in argon matrices, with a small amount of the van de…

hydrogen bondkemialliset sidoksetQD241-441vetysidoksetvan der Waals interactionspektroskopiaOrganic chemistrylaskennallinen kemiaMatrix isolationcomputational chemistryArticlevibrational spectroscopyMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)
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Complexes of Glycolic Acid with Nitrogen Isolated in Argon Matrices. II : Vibrational Overtone Excitations

2019

Structural changes of glycolic acid (GA) complex with nitrogen induced by selective overtone excitation of the νOH mode were followed in argon matrices using FTIR spectroscopy. For the most stable SSC1 complex present in different trapping sites directly upon deposition site, selective changes in the νOH region were achieved upon near-infrared irradiation. Simultaneously, new conformers of the GA…N2 complex were formed, giving rise to several sets of bands in the νOH and νC=O regions of the spectra. Both position and intensity of new absorptions appeared to be highly sensitive on the wavelength of radiation used, as well as on the annealing of the matrix. Based on theoretical calculations a…

hydrogen bondtyppivärähtelytvetysidoksetkarboksyylihapotmatrix isolationvibrational overtonemolekyylitcarboxylic acidlaskennallinen kemiacomputational chemistryvibrational spectroscopy
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Complexes of Glycolic Acid with Nitrogen Isolated in Argon Matrices. I : Structures and Thermal Effects

2019

Molecular complexes between glycolic acid and nitrogen were studied in a low-temperature argon matrix with FTIR spectroscopy, and supported by MP2 and BLYPD3 calculations. The calculations indicate 11 and 10 stable complex structures at the MP2 and BLYPD3 levels of theories, respectively. However, only one hydrogen-bonded complex structure involving the most stable SSC conformer of glycolic acid was found experimentally, where the nitrogen molecule is bound with the carboxylic OH group of the SSC conformer. The complex shows a rich site structure variation upon deposition of the matrix in different temperatures and upon annealing experiments, which provide interesting prospects for site-sel…

hydrogen bondvetysidoksettyppikarboksyylihapotmatrix isolationmolekyylitcarboxylic acidlaskennallinen kemiacomputational chemistryvibrational spectroscopy
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Molecular mechanics models for the image charge, a comment on “including image charge effects in the molecular dynamics simulations of molecules on m…

2017

We re-investigate the image charge model of Iori and Corni (Iori and Corni, J. Comput. Chem. 2008, 29, 1656). We find that a simple symmetrization of their model allows to obtain quantitatively correct results for the electrostatic interaction of a water molecule with a metallic surface. This symmetrization reduces the magnitude of the electrostatic interaction to less than 10% of the total interaction energy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

image chargewatermetal surface010402 general chemistryMethod of image charges01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsMolecular mechanics[ CHIM ] Chemical SciencesForce field (chemistry)MetalMolecular dynamicsTheoretical and Computational ChemistryQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesMolecule[CHIM]Chemical SciencesChemical Physics010304 chemical physicsChemistryforce fieldGeneral ChemistryInteraction energy0104 chemical sciencesComputational Mathematicsadsorptionvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSymmetrizationPhysical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
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Humanoid Cognitive Robots That Learn by Imitating: Implications for Consciousness Studies.

2018

While the concept of a conscious machine is intriguing, producing such a machine remains controversial and challenging. Here we describe how our work on creating a humanoid cognitive robot that learns to perform tasks via imitation learning relates to this issue. Our discussion is divided into three parts. First, we summarize our previously-detailed framework for advancing the understanding of the nature of phenomenal consciousness. This framework is based on identifying computational correlates of consciousness. Second, we describe a cognitive robotic system that we recently developed that learns to perform tasks by imitating human-provided demonstrations. This humanoid robot uses cause-ef…

imitation learningartificial consciousnessComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectlcsh:Mechanical engineering and machinerymachine consciousnessArtificial consciousnesscognitive phenomenology050105 experimental psychologylcsh:QA75.5-76.95working memory03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineArtificial Intelligence0501 psychology and cognitive scienceslcsh:TJ1-1570cognitive robotsmedia_commonOriginal ResearchCognitive scienceRobotics and AIWorking memory05 social sciencesCognitioncomputational explanatory gapComputer Science Applicationsneural network gating mechanismsRobotCausal reasoninglcsh:Electronic computers. Computer scienceConsciousnessNeurocognitive030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHumanoid robotFrontiers in robotics and AI
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Optimal Heating of an Indoor Swimming Pool

2020

This work presents the derivation of a model for the heating process of the air of a glass dome, where an indoor swimming pool is located in the bottom of the dome. The problem can be reduced from a three dimensional to a two dimensional one. The main goal is the formulation of a proper optimization problem for computing the optimal heating of the air after a given time. For that, the model of the heating process as a partial differential equation is formulated as well as the optimization problem subject to the time-dependent partial differential equation. This yields the optimal heating of the air under the glass dome such that the desired temperature distribution is attained after a given…

implicit Euler methodWork (thermodynamics)Optimization problemfinite element methodlämmitysjärjestelmät010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasDome (geology)0103 physical sciencesprojected gradient method0101 mathematicsMathematicsosittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälötPartial differential equationheat equationNumerical analysisProcess (computing)Mechanicsmatemaattinen optimointiOptimal controlelementtimenetelmäsovellettu matematiikkaPDE-constrained optimizationnumeerinen analyysicontrol constraintsmatemaattiset mallitGradient method
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On the Modeling of Transcatheter Therapies for the Aortic and Mitral Valves: A Review

2022

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a milestone for the management of aortic stenosis in a growing number of patients who are unfavorable candidates for surgery. With the new generation of transcatheter heart valves (THV), the feasibility of transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) for degenerated mitral bioprostheses and failed annuloplasty rings has been demonstrated. In this setting, computational simulations are modernizing the preoperative planning of transcatheter heart valve interventions by predicting the outcome of the bioprosthesis interaction with the human host in a patient-specific fashion. However, computational modeling needs to carry out increasingl…

in silico modeltranscatheter mitral valve replacementtranscatheter aortic valve replacementcomputational fluid dynamicsGeneral MedicineProsthesis
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