Search results for "computer.software_genre"
showing 10 items of 3858 documents
On the use of information systems research methods in data mining
2006
Information systems are powerful instruments for organizational problem solving through formal information processing (Lyytinen, 1987). Data mining (DM) and knowledge discovery are intelligent tools that help to accumulate and process data and make use of it (Fayyad, 1996). Data mining bridges many technical areas, including databases, statistics, machine learning, and human-computer interaction. The set of data mining processes used to extract and verify patterns in data is the core of the knowledge discovery process. Numerous data mining techniques have recently been developed to extract knowledge from large databases. The area of data mining is historically more related to AI (Artificial…
Towards Implementation of OMOP in a German University Hospital Consortium
2018
Background In 2015, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research initiated a large data integration and data sharing research initiative to improve the reuse of data from patient care and translational research. The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) common data model and the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) tools could be used as a core element in this initiative for harmonizing the terminologies used as well as facilitating the federation of research analyses across institutions. Objective To realize an OMOP/OHDSI-based pilot implementation within a consortium of eight German university hospitals, evaluate the applicability to support dat…
Information Infrastructures and the Challenge of the Installed Base
2017
In this chapter we present the theoretical perspective of information infrastructures, which is used to analyze the empirical cases in the book. In this perspective, information technology is seen as intimately intertwined with organizational structures, procedures and work practices, and as an underlying, supporting and often invisible infrastructure. Information infrastructures are not only local, but shared among distributed actors which can have multiple and different needs and interests. Understanding the complexities and mechanisms involved in the evolution of information infrastructures is at the core of this perspective which challenges traditional management approaches. Instead of …
Integration of IT Applications in Local Government Computer Systems
2015
Integration of IT applications in companies has always been a hot topic in recent years, leading to the creation of a new working style in the software: Enterprise Application Integration. To present the essence and very detailed image of this, is a main purpose of the paper. After a literature review, authors have described a chosen system, which is being used by the local government entities. The first part of the article traces the evolution of embedded computing applications management companies and the problems that were inevitable faced during the integration efforts. Then, in the article, the infrastructure of EAI is presented, with the detailed description of its: Front, Back, Middl…
A Framework for Small Group Support in Online Collaborative Learning - Combining Collaboration Scripts and Online Tutoring
2017
Many learners experience difficulties engaging in collaborative learning activities online. Computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) scripts have been implemented to support online learners. Collaboration scripts have shown much potential in facilitating students’ general collaboration skills. However, reported effects of collaboration scripts on domain-specific knowledge acquisition have been less positive. In this paper, I suggest an alternative framework for supporting CSCL learners by combining collaboration scripting and online tutoring. While collaboration scripts can facilitate the acquisition of general collaboration skills, the online tutor is capable of monitoring and asse…
Model independent assertions for integration of heterogeneous schemas
1992
Due to the proliferation of database applications, the integration of existing databases into a distributed or federated system is one of the major challenges in responding to enterprises' information requirements. Some proposed integration techniques aim at providing database administrators (DBAs) with a view definition language they can use to build the desired integrated schema. These techniques leave to the DBA the responsibility of appropriately restructuring schema elements from existing local schemas and of solving inter-schema conflicts. This paper investigates the assertion-based approach, in which the DBA's action is limited to pointing out corresponding elements in the schemas an…
Raising Energy Saving Awareness Through Educational Software
2013
A study that I have conducted on a sample of 395 children aged 6 to 12, from both the urban and the rural environments, shows that an increasing number of them use computer related technologies. Today there are an increasing number of web sites that inform the user of different ways to save energy and to reduce energy consumption because it is only natural that the modern information society would go online to research such topics. The development of an educational application that is focused on teaching the children about energy saving is represented on a timeline. We conducted a study in which a number of 29 children, aged between 8 and 10, use this educational application and a questionn…
Communication Platform for Disaster Response
2016
The present research proposes an information platform for enhanced communication and information sharing in municipalities struck by disasters. Once a disaster happens, collecting and sharing information with and among citizens is the most important tasks for municipalities. However, empirical research of the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 revealed a marked lack of tools supporting municipal communication and data sharing activities at the initial stage. A smartphone and tablet based application was subsequently developed and evaluated in the field as a means of first response in future disasters. The application is based on the notion of frugality, which proved to be very useful in th…
R2D2 at GeoCLEF 2006: A Combined Approach
2007
This paper describes the participation of a combined approach in GeoCLEF-2006. We have participated in Monolingual English Task and we present joint work of the three groups or teams belonging to the project R2D2 with a new system, combining the three individual systems of these teams. We consider that research in the area of GIR is still in its very early stages, therefore, although a voting system could improve the individual results of each system, we have to further investigate different ways to achieve a better combination of these systems.
A model to assess the behavioral impacts of consultative knowledge based systems
1997
This paper develops a research model to study the behavioral impacts of consultative knowledge based systems (KBS). An experiment was conducted with 36 experienced MBA students in marketing management to explore to what extent their decisions were affected by the following factors: user participation in updating the knowledge-base of the KBS, ambiguity of decision setting, routinization of usage, and source credibility of the expertise embedded in the KBS. Results show that ambiguity and source credibility affect user acceptance of the KBS recommendation and cause them to revise decisions. Implications of these findings for the design of consultative KBS are discussed.