Search results for "computer.software_genre"
showing 10 items of 3858 documents
Conceptual graph operations for formal visual reasoning in the medical domain
2014
International audience; Objective - Conceptual graphs (CGs) are used to represent clinical guidelines because they support visual reasoning with a logical background, making them a potentially valuable representation for guidelines.Materials and methods - Conceptual graph formalism has an essential and basic component: a formal vocabulary that drives all of the other mechanisms, notably specialization and projection. The graph's theoretical operations, such as projection, rules, derivation, constraints, probabilities and uncertainty, support diagrammatic reasoning.Results - A conceptual graph's graphical user interface includes a multilingual vocabulary management, some query and decision-m…
Adaptive Vocabulary Learning Environment for Late Talkers
2016
The main aim of this research is to provide children who have an early language delay with an adaptive way to train their vocabulary taking into account individuality of the learner. The suggested system is a mobile game-based learning environment which provides simple tasks where the learner chooses a picture that corresponds to a played back sound from multiple pictures presented on the screen. Our basic assumption is that the more similar the concepts (in our case, words) are, the harder the recognition task is. The system chooses the pictures to be presented on the screen by calculating the distances between the concepts in different dimensions. The distances are considered to consist o…
Numerical Analysis of Word Frequencies in Artificial and Natural Language Texts
1997
We perform a numerical study of the statistical properties of natural texts written in English and of two types of artificial texts. As statistical tools we use the conventional Zipf analysis of the distribution of words and the inverse Zipf analysis of the distribution of frequencies of words, the analysis of vocabulary growth, the Shannon entropy and a quantity which is a nonlinear function of frequencies of words, the frequency "entropy". Our numerical results, obtained by investigation of eight complete books and sixteen related artificial texts, suggest that, among these analyses, the analysis of vocabulary growth shows the most striking difference between natural and artificial texts…
A practical solution to the problem of automatic part-of-speech induction from text
2005
The problem of part-of-speech induction from text involves two aspects: Firstly, a set of word classes is to be derived automatically. Secondly, each word of a vocabulary is to be assigned to one or several of these word classes. In this paper we present a method that solves both problems with good accuracy. Our approach adopts a mixture of statistical methods that have been successfully applied in word sense induction. Its main advantage over previous attempts is that it reduces the syntactic space to only the most important dimensions, thereby almost eliminating the otherwise omnipresent problem of data sparseness.
A General Fuzzy-Parsing Scheme for Speech Recognition
1985
In this paper a Speech Recognition Methodology is proposed which is based on the general assumption of ‘fuzzyness’ of both speech-data and knowledge-sources. Besides this general principle, there are other fundamental assumptions which are also the bases of the proposed methodology: ‘Modularity’ in the knowledge organization, ‘Homogeneity’ in the representation of data and knowledge, ‘Passiveness’ of the ‘understanding flow’ (no backtraking or feedback), and ‘Parallelism’ in the recognition activity.
Influence of Silence and Noise Filtering on Speech Quality Monitoring
2021
With the exponential increase of mobile users and internet subscribers, the utilization of voice over internet protocol (VoIP) application is increasing dramatically. People exploit different VoIP applications for effective communication, for example, Google Meet, Microsoft Skype, Zoom video conferencing applications, etc. The single-ended speech quality metrics are employed for measuring and monitoring the quality of speech. However, different types of degradations present in the surroundings distort the quality of speech. In order to meet the desired quality of experience (QoE) level of end-user while using VoIP applications, it is necessary to reduce VoIP degradations and obtain the opti…
Optimal configuration for size-based burst assembly algorithms at the edge node for video traffic transmissions over OBS networks
2008
Optical burst switching (OBS) has been proposed to be a technology for implementing the next generation optical Internet. In this architecture, burst assembly algorithms have an important influence in the pattern traffic that characteristic this sort of optical networks. On the other hand, traffic coming from new applications (such as video on demand, Voice over IP, online gaming or Grid computing) that have real time and bandwidth constraints, has been experimented a rapid increment. Consequently, we consider important to evaluate the performance of traffic from real time applications over OBS networks. In this paper, we evaluate the effects of implementing a size-based burst assembly sche…
Practical Volcano-Independent Recognition of Seismic Events: VULCAN.ears Project
2021
Recognizing the mechanisms underlying seismic activity and tracking temporal and spatial patterns of earthquakes represent primary inputs to monitor active volcanoes and forecast eruptions. To quantify this seismicity, catalogs are established to summarize the history of the observed types and number of volcano-seismic events. In volcano observatories the detection and posterior classification or labeling of the events is manually performed by technicians, often suffering a lack of unified criteria and eventually resulting in poorly reliable labeled databases. State-of-the-art automatic Volcano-Seismic Recognition (VSR) systems allow real-time monitoring and consistent catalogs. VSR systems…
On-line database of voltammetric data of immobilized particles for identifying pigments and minerals in archaeometry, conservation and restoration (E…
2016
[EN] A web-based database of voltammograms is presented for characterizing artists' pigments and corrosion products of ceramic, stone and metal objects by means of the voltammetry of immobilized particles methodology. Description of the website and the database is provided. Voltammograms are, in most cases, accompanied by scanning electron microphotographs, X-ray spectra, infrared spectra acquired in attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy mode (ATR-FTIR) and diffuse reflectance spectra in the UV-Vis-region. For illustrating the usefulness of the database two case studies involving identification of pigments and a case study describing deterioration of an archae…
Human Trafficking: The Viscous Link Between Vulnerability and Proximity Violence
2020
The definition of “human trafficking”, adopted by the United Nations Protocol, clearly describes how the international community has outlined the concepts of victim and perpetrator. Despite the definitive effort made by this Protocol, the present chapter seeks to throw light on the fuzzy area existing within the rapport between vulnerability and proximity violence which makes the consensual exploitation of the victim by the trafficker possible as well as making it difficult to outline its contours in the courtrooms.