Search results for "configural"
showing 8 items of 18 documents
Impact of proportion on configural perception of odor mixtures in a newborn mammal
2009
International audience; Configural perception of odor mixtures appears functional early in life. Recent results underline that after the learning of a binary mixture. (AB) that blends in humans, newborn rabbits respond both to the mixture and to its components. However, after the learning of. a single component they do not generalize to the mixture. This suggests that they perceive more in the mixture than the odor of each. constituent (Coureaud et al., Physiol. Behav. 2008). Here, we pursued the assessment of their configural perception of AB, with the. aim to determine whether specific component proportions of A and B elicit the perceptual emergence of an additional odor in AB. Starting. …
Does Holistic Processing Require a Large Brain? Insights From Honeybees and Wasps in Fine Visual Recognition Tasks
2018
International audience
Differential memory persistence of odor mixture and components in newborn rabbits: competition between the whole and its parts
2014
Interacting with the mother during the daily nursing, newborn rabbits experience her body odour cues. In particular, the mammary pheromone (MP) contained in rabbit milk triggers the typical behaviour which helps to localize and seize the nipples. It also promotes the very rapid appetitive learning of simple or complex stimuli (odorants or mixtures) through associative conditioning. We previously showed that 24h after MP-induced conditioning to odorants A (ethyl isobutyrate) or B (ethyl maltol), newborn rabbits perceive the AB mixture in a weak configural way, i.e. they perceive the odour of the AB configuration in addition to the odours of the elements. Moreover, after conditioning to the m…
Discrimination of serial auditory patterns in rats : roles of configural and elemental associations
2011
In order to test whether rats could discriminate between tone sequences, food deprived rats were given appetitive discrimination conditioning with repeated ascending or descending series of musical notes serving as conditioned stimuli (CSs). The other type of tone sequence was reinforced as the other was followed by nothing. In Experiment 1, each series of 8 tones formed a 2 s cycle. The cycle was repeated six times so that the duration of the whole sequence was 12 s. In Experiment 2, the CSs were similar to those in Experiment 1 except that they started with a random note. As a result, rats could discriminate between the stimuli when the CS started systematically with the same note. When t…
Does Holistic Processing Require a Large Brain? Insights From Honeybees and Wasps in Fine Visual Recognition Tasks
2018
The expertise of humans for recognizing faces is largely based on holistic processing mechanism, a sophisticated cognitive process that develops with visual experience. The various visual features of a face are thus glued together and treated by the brain as a unique stimulus, facilitating robust recognition. Holistic processing is known to facilitate fine discrimination of highly similar visual stimuli, and involves specialized brain areas in humans and other primates. Although holistic processing is most typically employed with face stimuli, subjects can also learn to apply similar image analysis mechanisms when gaining expertise in discriminating novel visual objects, like becoming exper…
The perception of odor objects in everyday life: a review on the processing of odor mixtures
2014
International audience; Smelling monomolecular odors hardly ever occurs in everyday life, and the daily functioning of the sense of smell relies primarily on the processing of complex mixtures of volatiles that are present in the environment (e.g., emanating from food or conspecifics). Such processing allows for the instantaneous recognition and categorization of smells and also for the discrimination of odors among others to extract relevant information and to adapt efficiently in different contexts. The neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning this highly efficient analysis of complex mixtures of odorants is beginning to be unraveled and support the idea that olfaction, as vision and au…
Processus sensoriels cognitifs et comportementaux impliqués dans la perception des mélanges odorants alimentaires complexes chez le lapin nouveau-né …
2015
Within each breath, a large diversity of volatiles molecules of the surrounding reaches our olfactory receptors. Despite the chemical complexity of the natural environment, the organisms succeed to represent their world using relevant information carried by single odorants or mixtures. Focusing on the perception of these stimuli, we explored the processes involved in the treatment of this complex information, sometimes supported by mixtures or sub-mixtures. The treatment is based on two processes: the elemental mode, which allows extracting the odor quality of all or some of the elements, or the configural mode which allows the holistic representation of the mixture. In this doctoral thesis…