Search results for "conservation."
showing 10 items of 1994 documents
Weighted ENO interpolation and applications
2004
Abstract Data-dependent interpolatory techniques such as essentially non-oscillatory (ENO) technique [J. Comput. Phys. 71 (1987) 231] have long been used as a reconstruction process in multiresolution schemes. In this work we analyze the weighted ENO (WENO) technique introduced by Liu et al. in the context of conservation laws [J. Comput. Phys. 115 (1994) 200] and improved by Jiang and Shu [J. Comput. Phys. 126 (1996) 202], and apply it to the compression of images, using multiresolution techniques.
The MAST-edge centred lumped scheme for the flow simulation in variably saturated heterogeneous porous media
2012
A novel methodology is proposed for the solution of the flow equation in a variably saturated heterogeneous porous medium. The computational domain is descretized using triangular meshes and the governing PDEs are discretized using a lumped in the edge centres numerical technique. The dependent unknown variable of the problem is the piezometric head. A fractional time step methodology is applied for the solution of the original system, solving consecutively a prediction and a correction problem. A scalar potential of the flow field exists and in the prediction step a MArching in Space and Time (MAST) formulation is applied for the sequential solution of the Ordinary Differential Equation of…
Natural History of Malignant Bone Disease in Gastric Cancer: Final Results of a Multicenter Bone Metastasis Survey
2013
BackgroundBone metastasis represents an increasing clinical problem in advanced gastric cancer (GC) as disease-related survival improves. In literature, few data on the natural history of bone disease in GC are available.Patients and methodsData on clinicopathology, skeletal outcomes, skeletal-related events (SREs), and bone-directed therapies for 208 deceased GC patients with evidence of bone metastasis were statistically analyzed.ResultsMedian time to bone metastasis was 8 months (CI 95%, 6.125-9.875 months) considering all included patients. Median number of SREs/patient was one. Less than half of the patients (31%) experienced at least one and only 4 and 2% experienced at least two and …
Osteonecrosis of the jaw induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (Denosumab) - Review.
2015
Background Denosumab, an anti-resorptive agent, IgG2 monoclonal antibody for human Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), has been related to the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the jaws. Thus, the aim of this study was to review the literature from clinical case reports, regarding the type of patient and the therapeutic approach used for osteonecrosis of the jaws induced by chronic use of Denosumab. Material and Methods For this, a literature review was performed on PubMed, Medline and Cochrane databases, using the keywords “Denosumab” “anti-RANK ligand” and “Osteonecrosis of jaw”. To be included, articles should be a report or a serie of clinical cases, describing pat…
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in a cancer patient receiving lenvatinib.
2018
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is an adverse drug reaction that affects the mandible and maxilla of patients exposed to bone-targeting agents such as anti-resorptive and anti-angiogenic agents. Several MRONJ cases have been reported after dental extractions in patients under treatment with anti-angiogenic agents, including receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) inhibitor, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) monoclonal antibody, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The aim of this article was to describe an original case of lenvatinib-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in a patient affected …
Natural history of bone metastasis in colorectal cancer: final results of a large Italian bone metastases study.
2012
ABSTRACT Background Data are limited regarding bone metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC). The objective of this study was to survey the natural history of bone metastasis in CRC. Patients and methods This retrospective, multicenter, observational study of 264 patients with CRC involving bone examined cancer treatments, bone metastases characteristics, skeletal-related event (SRE) type and frequency, zoledronic acid therapy, and disease outcomes. Results Most patients with bone metastases had pathologic T3/4 disease at CRC diagnosis. The spine was the most common site involved (65%), followed by hip/pelvis (34%), long bones (26%), and other sites (17%). Median time from CRC diagnosis to b…
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) risk in breast cancer patients after zoledronic acid treatment
2010
The importance of adoption of recommendations for ONJ prevention strategy will notably grow for zoledronic acid in the next future, in view of possible further enlargement of its indications (even with different timing and schedules) in breast cancer patients without bone metastases (such as in adjuvant and neo-adjuvant settings, and in hormonotherapy-induced osteopenia
Treatment of skeletal impairment in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism: when and how?
2014
Guidelines for the management of osteoporosis induced by endogenous hypercortisolism are not available. Both the American College of Rheumatology and the International Osteoporosis Foundation recommend to modulate the treatment of exogenous glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) based on the individual fracture risk profile (calculated by FRAX) and dose of glucocorticoid used, but it is difficult to translate corticosteroid dosages to different degrees of endogenous hypercortisolism, and there are no data on validation of FRAX stratification method in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism. Consequently, it is unclear whether such recommendations may be adapted to patients with endoge…
Osteonecrosis of the jaws produced by sunitinib : a systematic review
2019
Background Tyrosine kinase receptor family is involved in tumor growth, pathological angiogenesis and the progression (metastasis) of cancer. Sunitinib (Sutent®) inhibits members of the tyrosine kinase receptor family affecting the induction of angiogenesis and tumor progression. It is not clear if sunitinib increases the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ). The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review about ONJ related to sunitinib, describing existing cases and possible associated risk factors. Material and Methods The PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases were searched without date restriction up to September 2018. We included prospective and retrospective obser…
Definition and estimation of osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ), and optimal duration of antiresorptive treatment in bone metastatic cancer patients: supplem…
2017
To the Editor, In their recent article, Stopeck et al. [1] concluded that denosumab confirms its known safety profile even after longterm exposure, or after switching to it from zoledronic acid, and that osteonecrosis of jaws (ONJ) rates increased with increasing exposure to antiresorptives, consistent with previous reports. This is based on the open label extension phase of two phase 3 studies in patients with breast and prostate cancer with bone metastases who were randomized to receive denosumab or zoledronic acid (ZA) [2, 3]. The patients were offered open-label denosumab for up to an additional 2 years after the results of the primary analysis, favorable for denosumab on several aspect…