Search results for "conservation."
showing 10 items of 1994 documents
Mutations and polymorphisms of the PAH gene in Sicily: comparison with other DNA polymorphisms
2000
Characterization of 10 trinucleotide microsatellite loci in the Critically Endangered Pyrenean yam Borderea chouardii (Dioscoreaceae)
2003
The low levels of allozymic variability found in the Critically Endangered Borderea chouardii prompted us to develop microsatellite markers to assess the genetic variability and population structure for the adequate conservation management of this species. A (CTT) n enriched partial genomic library was constructed. Ten polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated from it, rendering 51 alleles in 47 individuals analysed. The allelic pattern observed for all of the loci with more than two alleles suggests that B. chouardii is tetraploid.
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers detect a single phenotype in Lysimachia minoricensis J.J. Rodr. (Primulaceae), a wild extinct plant
2000
Lysimachia minoricensis is a Mediterranean (Balearic Islands) endemic that is extinct in the wild but extant in botanical gardens. Previously, no variation at 22 isozyme loci was revealed in more than 150 analysed plants. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to examine genetic variation among five individuals from each of eight botanical garden accessions (40 plants). No polymorphisms were detected at 201 amplified bands. This is the first report of RAPD monomorphism in a nonapomictic vascular plant. The lack of detectable genetic variation suggests that an extremely reduced gene pool was recovered in the field before its extinction. Although the screening of other geno…
Inbreeding rate modifies the dynamics of genetic load in small populations
2012
The negative fitness consequences of close inbreeding are widely recognized, but predicting the long-term effects of inbreeding and genetic drift due to limited population size is not straightforward. As the frequency and homozygosity of recessive deleterious alleles increase, selection can remove (purge) them from a population, reducing the genetic load. At the same time, small population size relaxes selection against mildly harmful mutations, which may lead to accumulation of genetic load. The efficiency of purging and the accumulation of mutations both depend on the rate of inbreeding (i.e., population size) and on the nature of mutations. We studied how increasing levels of inbreeding …
2015
Competition over access to reproductive opportunities can lead males to harm females. However, recent work has shown that, in Drosophila melanogaster, male competition and male harm of females are both reduced under conditions simulating male-specific population viscosity (i.e., in groups where males are related and reared with each other as larvae). Here, we seek to replicate these findings and investigate whether male population viscosity can have repercussions for the fitness of offspring in the next generation. We show that groups of unrelated-unfamiliar (i.e., unrelated individuals raised apart) males fight more intensely than groups of related-familiar males (i.e., full siblings raise…
Survival relative to new and ancestral host plants, phytoplasma infection, and genetic constitution in host races of a polyphagous insect disease vec…
2014
Dissemination of vectorborne diseases depends strongly on the vector's host range and the pathogen's reservoir range. Because vectors interact with pathogens, the direction and strength of a vector's host shift is vital for understanding epidemiology and is embedded in the framework of ecological specialization. This study investigates survival in host-race evolution of a polyphagous insect disease vector, Hyalesthes obsoletus, whether survival is related to the direction of the host shift (from field bindweed to stinging nettle), the interaction with plant-specific strains of obligate vectored pathogens/symbionts (stolbur phytoplasma), and whether survival is related to genetic differentia…
The climatic and genetic heritage of Italian goat breeds with genomic SNP data
2021
Local adaptation of animals to the environment can abruptly become a burden when faced with rapid climatic changes such as those foreseen for the Italian peninsula over the next 70 years. Our study investigates the genetic structure of the Italian goat populations and links it with the environment and how genetics might evolve over the next 50 years. We used one of the largest national datasets including > 1000 goats from 33 populations across the Italian peninsula collected by the Italian Goat Consortium and genotyped with over 50 k markers. Our results showed that Italian goats can be discriminated in three groups reflective of the Italian geography and its geo-political situation prec…
Historical and biological determinants of genetic diversity in the highly endemic triploid sea lavender Limonium dufourii (Plumbaginaceae)
2007
14 páginas, 5 figuras, 2 tablas.
The spatial dimension of the French private rental markets: Evidence from microgeographic data in 2015
2021
International audience; This article draws on data collected by local rental observatories in 12 French urban units in 2015 to analyze the spatial dimension of hedonic rental prices in the private rental market through (i) the spatial heterogeneity between urban units and (ii) the wide variety of contextual and locational characteristics (socio-economic, environmental (dis)amenity, and accessibility) and flexible specifications to capture their potential non-linear influence on rent. Based on a joint test of equality of coefficients across all urban units, we find that hedonic prices differ for 75% of the characteristics, thereby justifying a detailed analysis of heterogeneity. Lyon, Nice, …
Ecosystem Services at the Archipelago Sea Biosphere Reserve in Finland: A Visitor Perspective
2019
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization&rsquo