Search results for "construct"

showing 10 items of 3723 documents

ALICE: Physics performance report, volume II

2006

ALICE is a general-purpose heavy-ion experiment designed to study the physics of strongly interacting matter and the quark-gluon plasma in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC. It currently involves more than 900 physicists and senior engineers, from both the nuclear and high-energy physics sectors, from over 90 institutions in about 30 countries. The ALICE detector is designed to cope with the highest particle multiplicities above those anticipated for Pb-Pb collisions (dN(ch)/dy up to 8000) and it will be operational at the start-up of the LHC. In addition to heavy systems, the ALICE Collaboration will study collisions of lower-mass ions, which are a means of varying the energy density, …

PhysicsParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsDetectorMonte Carlo methodObservable7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesParticle identificationNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesALICE (propellant)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentALICE; physics; performance; detector; CERN; QGP; LHCEvent (particle physics)Event reconstruction
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Search for the DecayB+→K+νν¯

2005

We search for the rare flavor-changing neutral-current decay ${B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}}$ in a data sample of $82\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II $B$-factory. Signal events are selected by examining the properties of the system recoiling against either a reconstructed hadronic or semileptonic charged-$B$ decay. Using these two independent samples we obtain a combined limit of $\mathcal{B}({B}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{+}\ensuremath{\nu}\overline{\ensuremath{\nu}})l5.2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}$ at the 90% confidence level. In addition, by…

PhysicsParticle physicsPion010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilation0103 physical sciencesHadronIndependent samplesGeneral Physics and Astronomy010306 general physics01 natural sciencesReconstruction methodPhysical Review Letters
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The EUSO Data Simulation and Analysis Tree

2004

The "Extreme Universe Space Observatory - EUSO" is the first Space mission devoted to the exploration of the outermost bounds of the Universe through the investigation of the Extremely-High Energy Cosmic Rays, EECR, using the Earth atmosphere as a giant detector. The objective is to obtain a detailed description of the Cosmic Ray spectrum beyond 5×1019 eV together with a map of the arrival directions. EUSO will detect EECR looking at the streak of fluorescence light produced when such a particle interacts with the atmosphere. The signal will be detected after its propagation upward from the dark Earth atmosphere to the EUSO telescope accommodated, as external payload, on the International S…

PhysicsPayloadAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenamedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstronomyCosmic rayUniverselaw.inventionTelescopeAtmosphere of EarthlawPhysics::Space PhysicsInternational Space StationAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsEvent (particle physics)Event reconstructionmedia_common
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Fractional Tajimi–Kanai model for simulating earthquake ground motion

2014

The ground acceleration is usually modeled as a filtered Gaussian process. The most common model is a Tajimi–Kanai (TK) filter that is a viscoelastic Kelvin–Voigt unit (a spring in parallel with a dashpot) carrying a mass excited by a white noise (acceleration at the bedrock). Based upon the observation that every real material exhibits a power law trend in the creep test, in this paper it is proposed the substitution of the purely viscous element in the Kelvin Voigt element with the so called springpot that is an element having an intermediate behavior between purely elastic (spring) and purely viscous (dashpot) behavior ruled by fractional operator. With this choice two main goals are rea…

PhysicsPeak ground accelerationGround motionBuilding and ConstructionWhite noiseMechanicsGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyFree fieldViscoelasticityDashpotsymbols.namesakeAccelerationGeophysicsSpring (device)Fractional viscoelasticitysymbolsTajimi–Kanai filterGaussian processCivil and Structural Engineering
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The Ultra Fast Flash Observatory pathfinder – UFFO-p GRB imaging and location with its coded mask X-ray imager UBAT

2013

The UFFO pathfinder mission will attempt to locate the optical afterglow of a GRB within seconds of its detection and location by a wide field X-ray imager. It will be mounted on the Lomonosov spacecraft for launch in 2013 and consists of a coded mask X-ray imager UBAT to detect a GRB and estimate a direction vector which will be passed to the SMT optical system which will rotate a moveable mirror to lock onto the GRB and direct the optical afterglow to a camera with a  ~17′ wide aperture. We present the design geometry of the UBAT instrument only, with results of simulations for a range of GRB types to show probable photon integration times to be expected to extract a significant FOV image…

PhysicsPhotonSpacecraftbusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsIterative reconstructionAfterglowFlash (photography)PathfinderOpticsSpace and Planetary ScienceObservatorybusinessGamma-ray burstEAS Publications Series
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A Pixelated Silicon Positron Sensitive Imaging Probe

2006

A pixelated silicon positron sensitive imaging probe is under development to precisely localize superficially located tumors accumulating 18F-FDG. 18F-FDG has been a radioisotope of interest mainly because of the high uptake in tumors and the relatively short positron range. Silicon detectors have generally low detection efficiency for high energy photons and can be used for positron detection. We present a pixelated silicon positron sensitive imaging probe that has the 1.4-by-1.4-by-1.0 mm pixel size with equivalent electronic noise of ~1.2 keV FWHM. The small pixel size leads to the high spatial resolution. Probe movement in conjunction with appropriate reconstruction will allow sub-pixel…

PhysicsPixelSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryDetectorMonte Carlo methodResolution (electron density)chemistry.chemical_elementIterative reconstructionOpticsPositronchemistrybusinessNuclear medicineImage resolutionIEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2005
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Resurgent Deformation Quantisation

2013

We construct a version of the complex Heisenberg algebra based on the idea of endless analytic continuation. In particular, we exhibit an integral formula for the product of resurgent operators with algebraic singularities. This algebra would be large enough to capture quantum effects that escape ordinary formal deformation quantisation.

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsAnalytic continuationGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesConstruct (python library)Mathematical Physics (math-ph)Deformation (meteorology)Theoretical physicsMathematics - Algebraic GeometryMathematics - Quantum AlgebraFOS: MathematicsQuantum Algebra (math.QA)Algebra over a fieldQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)Mathematical Physics
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Non-perturbative QCD effective charges

2009

Using gluon and ghost propagators obtained from Schwinger-Dyson equations (SDEs), we construct the non-perturbative effective charge of QCD. We employ two different definitions, which, despite their distinct field-theoretic origin, give rise to qualitative comparable results, by virtue of a crucial non-perturbative identity. Most importantly, the QCD charge obtained with either definition freezes in the deep infrared, in agreement with theoretical and phenomenological expectations. The various theoretical ingredients necessary for this construction are reviewed in detail, and some conceptual subtleties are briefly discussed.

PhysicsQuantum chromodynamicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeFOS: Physical sciencesPropagatorFísicaCharge (physics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEffective nuclear chargeGluonIdentity (mathematics)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Non-perturbativeConstruct (philosophy)
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Measurements of integrated direct, diffuse and global ultraviolet-B radiation

2015

Abstract We present the first multiyear set of simultaneous measurements of the global ultraviolet-B radiation and its two components: direct and diffuse. The measurements have been taken with four YES-UVB-1 radiometers: two radiometers to measure the diffuse radiation, one provided with a shadow band and the other with a shadow disk on a Sun tracker; a radiometer to measure the global horizontal radiation; and a Sun-tracking radiometer to measure the direct radiation with an especially designed radiance collimator. The diffuse minute-values measured with both instruments agree within a coefficient correlation of 1.00. The diffuse component represents at least 50% of the global UVB (ultravi…

PhysicsRadiometerbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringMeasure (physics)IrradianceCollimatorBuilding and ConstructionRadiationmedicine.disease_causePollutionIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringlaw.inventionGeneral EnergyOpticslawShadowmedicineRadianceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessUltravioletCivil and Structural EngineeringRemote sensingEnergy
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Constructive role of non-adiabaticity for quantized charge pumping

2010

We investigate a recently developed scheme for quantized charge pumping based on single-parameter modulation. The device was realized in an AlGaAl-GaAs gated nanowire. It has been shown theoretically that non-adiabaticity is fundamentally required to realize single-parameter pumping, while in previous multi-parameter pumping schemes it caused unwanted and less controllable currents. In this paper we demonstrate experimentally the constructive and destructive role of non-adiabaticity by analysing the pumping current over a broad frequency range.

PhysicsRange (particle radiation)Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsNanowirePhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciences020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technologyConstructiveTemperature measurementCharge pumpingModulationQuantum dotQuantum electrodynamicsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingCurrent (fluid)
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